scholarly journals Sleep Quality Improvement Enhances Neuropsychological Recovery and Reduces Blood Aβ42/40 Ratio in Patients with Mild–Moderate Cognitive Impairment

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 1366
Author(s):  
Haihua Huang ◽  
Mingqiu Li ◽  
Menglin Zhang ◽  
Jiang Qiu ◽  
Haiyan Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neuropsychological Assessments ◽  
Disordered Breathing

Background and objectives: Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive brain degeneration and is associated with a high prevalence of sleep disorders. Amyloid β peptide-42/40 (Aβ42/40) and Tau-pT181 are the core biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid and blood. Accumulated data from studies in mouse models and humans demonstrated an aberrant elevation of these biomarkers due to sleep disturbance, especially sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). However, it is not clear if sleep quality improvement reduces the blood levels of Ab42/40 ratio and Tau-pT181 in Alzheimer’s disease patients. Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, a longitudinal analysis was conducted on 64 patients with mild–moderate cognition impairment (MCI) due to Alzheimer’s disease accompanied by SDB. Another 33 MCI cases without sleep-disordered breathing were included as the control group. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score system. Neuropsychological assessments were conducted using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR), 24-h Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD-24), and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) scoring systems. Aβ42, Aβ40, and Tau-pT181 protein levels in blood specimens were measured using ELISA assays. All patients received donepezil treatment for Alzheimer’s disease. SDB was managed with continuous pressure ventilation. Results: A significant correlation was found among PSQI, HRSD-24, HAMA, Aβ42/40 ratio, and Tau-pT181 level in all cases. In addition, a very strong and negative correlation was discovered between education level and dementia onset age. Compared to patients without SDB (33 non-SD cases), patients with SDB (64 SD cases) showed a significantly lower HRSD-24 score and a higher Aβ42/40 ratio Tau-pT181 level. Sleep treatment for patients with SDB significantly improved all neuropsychological scores, Aβ42/40 ratio, and Tau-pT181 levels. However, 11 patients did not completely recover from a sleep disorder (PSQI > 5 post-treatment). In this subgroup of patients, although HAMA score and Tau-pT181 levels were significantly reduced, MoCA and HRSD-24 scores, as well as Aβ42/40 ratio, were not significantly improved. ROC analysis found that the blood Aβ42/40 ratio held the highest significance in predicting sleep disorder occurrence. Conclusions: This is the first clinical study on sleep quality improvement in Alzheimer’s disease patients. Sleep quality score was associated with patient depression and anxiety scores, as well as Aβ42/40 ratio and Tau-pT181 levels. A complete recovery is critical for fully improving all neuropsychological assessments, Aβ42/40 ratio, and Tau-pT181 levels. Blood Aβ42/40 ratio is a feasible prognostic factor for predicting sleep quality.

The Effect of Sleep-Disordered Breathing on Stages of Sleep in Patients With Alzheimer's Disease

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana R. Cooke ◽  
Lianqi Liu ◽  
Loki Natarajan ◽  
Feng He ◽  
Matthew Marler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Disordered Breathing

scholarly journals Gray matter volume and estimated brain age gap are not associated with sleep-disordered breathing in subjects from the ADNI cohort

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahram Mohajer ◽  
Nooshin Abbasi ◽  
Esmaeil Mohammadi ◽  
Habibolah Khazaie ◽  
Ricardo S. Osorio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Disordered Breathing

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) and sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) are prevalent conditions with rising burden. It is suggested that SDB may contribute to cognitive decline and advanced aging. Here, we assessed the link between self-reported SDB and gray matter volume in patients with AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and healthy controls (HC). We further investigated whether SDB was associated with advanced brain aging. We included a total of 330 participants, divided based on self-reported history of SDB, and matched across diagnoses for age, sex and presence of the ApoE4 allele, from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Gray-matter volume was measured using voxel-wise morphometry and differences reflecting SDB, cognitive status, and their interaction were evaluated. Further, using an age-prediction model fitted on gray-matter data of external datasets, we predicted study participants’ age from their structural scans. Cognitive decline (MCI/AD diagnosis) and advanced age were associated with lower gray matter volume in various regions, particularly in the bilateral temporal lobes. BrainAGE was well predicted from the morphological data in HC and, as expected, elevated in MCI and particularly in AD. However, there was neither a significant difference between regional gray matter volume in any diagnostic group related to the SDB status nor an SDB-by-cognitive status interaction. Also, we found neither a significant difference in BrainAGE gap (estimated - chronological age) related to SDB nor an SDB-by-cognitive status interaction. In summary, contrary to our expectations, we were not able to find a general nor a diagnostic specific effect on either gray-matter volumetric or brain aging.Statement of significanceDementia syndromes including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), are a major global concern, and unraveling modifiable predisposing risk factors is indispensable. Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and its most prevalent form, obstructive sleep apnea, are suggested as modifiable risk factors of AD, but their contribution to AD hallmarks, like brain atrophy and advanced brain aging, is not clear to this day. While self-reported SDB is suggested to propagate aging process and cognitive decline to AD in clinical studies, here, we demonstrated that, SDB might not necessarily associate to brain atrophy and the advanced brain aging assessed by morphological data, in AD progession. However, multimodal longitudinal studies with polysomnographic assessment of SDB are needed to confirm such fundings.

Serotonin 5-HT2A Receptor Binding in Platelets From Patients With Alzheimer's Disease or Vascular Dementia

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olav Spigset ◽  
Christer Wilhelmsson ◽  
Tom Mjörndal ◽  
Sture Eriksson
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Receptor Binding ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Receptor Status ◽  
Serotonin System ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Scale Scores

It is well known that abnormalities in the brain serotonin system exist in patients with dementia. The present study was performed in order to investigate whether a peripheral serotonin system marker, the platelet 5-HT2A receptor, is affected in dementia. Thirty-eight patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), 13 patients with vascular dementia, and 40 healthy controls were included in the study. There were no significant differences in receptor density for 5-HT2A receptor binding between the groups. Affinity of the radioligand to the receptor was significantly lower in AD than in vascular dementia and in the controls (p = .006 and p = .003, respectively), whereas there was no significant difference between the vascular dementia group and the control group. In 12 patients, treatment with citalopram was started due to depression or agitation. This treatment significantly reduced the Behavioral Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease Rating Scale scores (p = .001), but did not affect the platelet 5-HT2A receptor status. There was no correlation between 5-HT2A receptor status before treatment and the therapeutic effect of citalopram. The study indicates that platelet 5-HT2A receptor status is of limited value as a peripheral marker in dementia.

Odor identification and cognitive abilities in Alzheimer’s disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mladenka Tkalčić ◽  
Nika Spasić ◽  
Matea Ivanković ◽  
Alessandra Pokrajac-Bulian ◽  
Daša Bosanac
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Odor Identification ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Neuropsychological Measures ◽  
Category Fluency

AbstractResearch results indicate systemic odor identification deficits in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The aims of this study were: 1) to compare the ability to identify different odors and to compare cognitive status among patients with AD, patients with vascular dementia (VaD) and a comparison group of elderly persons; 2) to test the efficiency of olfactory and neuropsychological measures to classify patients and 3) to relate the odor identification ability with cognitive functioning for each group, respectively. The participants were 15 patients with AD, 11 patients with VaD and 30 non-demented elderly persons, age range 58 to 90. To assess olfactory function, we used the Scandinavian Odor-Identification Test. To assess cognitive functions, we used the Dementia Rating Scale-2, the Clock Drawing Test, the Boston Naming Test and the Category Fluency Test. The ANOVA showed that patients with AD correctly identifed significantly fewer odors presented to them compared to patients with VaD and control group. Patients with AD achieved significantly lower scores on all neuropsychological measures compared to the control group and differ in the DRS-2 total score, initiation/perseveration, constructive and naming abilities comparing to patients with VaD. Discriminant analysis showed that category fluency and olfactory identification were the best predictors of AD. Significant correlations were found between the olfactory and initiation/perseveration, memory and animal naming abilities for patients with AD. Differences among patients with AD, VaD and elderly persons exist in their abilities to identify odors. The findings suggest that olfactory functional testing in combination with memory testing are important.

Clinical Significance of Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Alzheimer's Disease

1989 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn C. Hoch ◽  
Charles F. Reynolds ◽  
Robert D. Nebes ◽  
David J. Kupfer ◽  
Susan R. Berman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Disordered Breathing

scholarly journals Alzheimer’s Disease, Sleep Disordered Breathing, and Microglia: Puzzling out a Common Link

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2907
Author(s):  
Tyler K. Ulland ◽  
Andrea C. Ewald ◽  
Andrew O. Knutson ◽  
Kaitlyn M. Marino ◽  
Stephanie M. C. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Molecular Responses ◽  
Neuroimmune System ◽  
Disordered Breathing

Sleep Disordered Breathing (SDB) and Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) are strongly associated clinically, but it is unknown if they are mechanistically associated. Here, we review data covering both the cellular and molecular responses in SDB and AD with an emphasis on the overlapping neuroimmune responses in both diseases. We extensively discuss the use of animal models of both diseases and their relative utilities in modeling human disease. Data presented here from mice exposed to intermittent hypoxia indicate that microglia become more activated following exposure to hypoxia. This also supports the idea that intermittent hypoxia can activate the neuroimmune system in a manner like that seen in AD. Finally, we highlight similarities in the cellular and neuroimmune responses between SDB and AD and propose that these similarities may lead to a pathological synergy between SDB and AD.

Music therapy in moderate and severe dementia of Alzheimer's type: a case–control study

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. B. Svansdottir ◽  
J. Snaedal
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Study

Background: Music therapy is a potential non-pharmacological treatment for the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia, but although some studies have found it to be helpful, most are small and uncontrolled.Methods: This case–control study was carried out by qualified music therapists in two nursing homes and two psychogeriatric wards. The participants were 38 patients with moderate or severe Alzheimer's disease (AD) assigned randomly to a music therapy group and a control group.Results: The study showed a significant reduction in activity disturbances in the music therapy group during a 6-week period measured with the Behavior Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease Rating Scale (BEHAVE-AD). There was also a significant reduction in the sum of scores of activity disturbances, aggressiveness and anxiety. Other symptoms rated by subscales of the BEHAVE-AD did not decrease significantly. Four weeks later the effects had mostly disappeared.Conclusions: Music therapy is a safe and effective method for treating agitation and anxiety in moderately severe and severe AD. This is in line with the results of some non-controlled studies on music therapy in dementia.

Sleep-disordered breathing and Alzheimer's disease: A nationwide cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 624-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joo Eun Lee ◽  
Seong Wu Yang ◽  
Yeong Jun Ju ◽  
Seung Kuk Ki ◽  
Ki Hong Chun
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Disordered Breathing

scholarly journals Alexithymia in Alzheimer’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Eva Mª Arroyo-Anlló ◽  
Corinne Souchaud ◽  
Pierre Ingrand ◽  
Jorge Chamorro Sánchez ◽  
Alejandra Melero Ventola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Alexithymia is widely recognized as the inability to identify and express emotions. It is a construct which consists of four cognitive traits such as difficulty in identifying feelings, describing feelings to others, externally oriented thinking, and limited imaginative capacity. Several studies have linked alexithymia to cognitive functioning, observing greater alexithymia scores associated with poorer cognitive abilities. Despite Alzheimer’s disease (AD) being a neurodegenerative pathology characterized by cognitive troubles from the early stages, associated to behavioral and emotional disturbances, very few investigations have studied the alexithymia in AD. These studies have shown that alexithymia scores—assessed with Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS)—were greater in AD patients than healthy participants. The objective of the study was to investigate if the alexithymia was present in patients with mild AD. We hypothesized that the AD group would show more alexithymia features than the control group. We evaluated 54 subjects, including 27 patients diagnosed with mild AD and 27 normal healthy controls, using the Shalling Sifneos Psychosomatic Scale (SSPS-R) and a neuropsychological test battery. Using non-parametric statistical analyses—Wilcoxon and Mann–Whitney U tests—we observed that the SSPS-R scores were similar in the AD and control groups. All participants showed SSPS-R scores below to 10 points, which means no-alexithymia. We did not find significant correlations between SSPS-R scores and cognitive variables in both groups (p > 0.22), but we observed a negative association between name abilities and alexithymia, but it does not reach to significance (p = 0.07). However, a significant correlation between SSPS-R score and mood state, assessed using Zerssen Rating Scale, was found in both groups (p = 0.01). Because we did not find a significant difference in the alexithymia assessment between both subject groups, pot hoc analyses were computed for each item of the SSPS-R. We made comparisons of alexithymic responses percentages in each SSPS-R item between AD and control groups, using Fisher’s test. We observed that AD patients produced more alexithymic responses in some items of SSPS-R test than the control group, particularly about difficulties to find the words to describe feelings, as well as difficulties of imagination capacity and externally oriented thinking. The present results do not confirm our hypothesis and they do not support the results of previous studies revealing great alexithymia in AD.

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