scholarly journals Medulloblastoma Presenting as Severe Headache during Pregnancy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Medicina ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Francesca Gabriela Paslaru ◽  
Anca Maria Panaitescu ◽  
Elena Nestian ◽  
George Iancu ◽  
Alina Veduta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Intracranial Tumor ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Intracranial Tumors ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Common Complaint ◽  
Persistent Headache

Headache is a common complaint during pregnancy and the puerperium. The differentiation between a benign headache and a headache that has an underlying more endangering cause, such as an intracranial tumor, can be difficult and often requires diagnostic procedures and brain imaging techniques. We report the case of an 18-year-old female patient who developed clinical symptoms—persistent headache followed by neurological deficit—in the last part of her pregnancy. A medulloblastoma (MB) was diagnosed and treated after delivery. We review 11 other cases of MB in pregnancy reported in the literature. The most common clinical manifestation at diagnosis was headache followed by neurological deficits. We discuss the association of brain tumor growth with physiological changes during pregnancy. We conclude that clinical features of intracranial tumors can be misinterpreted as pregnancy-related symptoms and should not be dismissed.

scholarly journals Small Bowel Mesenteric Pseudocysts: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Gaetano Di Vita ◽  
Beatrice D'Orazio ◽  
Bonventre Sebastiano ◽  
Martorana Guido ◽  
Cudia Bianca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Mesenteric Cyst ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Complete Surgical Excision ◽  
Specific Symptoms

Background: Mesenteric pseudocyst (MP) are rare clinical entity presenting a thick fibrotic wall with internal septae without epithelial lining cells. Case Report: We described one case of MP of a 50-year-old woman with persistent, non-specific, and non-responding to medical therapy abdominal pain. Laboratory tests, clinical examination and the abdominal US were un-conclusive while the CT scan of the abdomen showed a cystic lesion of the jejunal mesentery. We performed a laparoscopic surgical excision of the lesion with the resolution of clinical symptoms. The lesion resulted in inflammatory mesenteric cyst at the histological examination. At 5 years CT scan follow up we did not record any recurrences. Conclusion: MP present themselves without specific symptoms, diagnostic imaging techniques such as US or CT scan may define its features, location or size but fail in determining their benign or malign nature. In fact, even if, the majority of these lesions are benign, a rate of malign transformation of around 3% has been reported, which is why the complete surgical excision is the gold standard treatment.

scholarly journals Intracranial Chondroma. Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel hacerte ◽  
Francois Gagné ◽  
Michel Copty
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Intracranial Tumors ◽  
Pathological Findings ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Falx Cerebri ◽  
Intracranial Chondroma

ABSTRACT:Introduction: Chondromas are rare intracranial tumors. The authors present two cases of intracranial intradural chondroma, one originating from the falx cerebri and the other from the dura mater of the convexity. Method and Results: Diagnostic procedures, including magnetic resonance imaging, and surgical findings are described. In both cases, pre-operative diagnosis could have been at least suspected, and the tumor was completely removed, without recurrence after a follow-up of many years. The pathogenesis and pathological findings are discussed, and cases from the literature are reviewed. Conclusion: Benign intradural chondroma has a good prognosis, with no recurrence after surgical excision in most cases.

Management of incidental cavernous malformations: a review

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. E5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard T. Dalyai ◽  
George Ghobrial ◽  
Issam Awad ◽  
Stavropoula Tjoumakaris ◽  
L. Fernando Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Optimal Management ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Cavernous Malformations ◽  
Concise Review ◽  
Symptomatic Intracranial Hemorrhage

Cavernous malformations (CMs) are angiographically occult vascular malformations that are frequently found incidentally on MR imaging. Despite this benign presentation, these lesions could cause symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, seizures, and focal neurological deficits. Cavernomas can be managed conservatively with neuroimaging studies, surgically with lesion removal, or with radiosurgery. Considering recent studies examining the CM's natural history, imaging techniques, and possible therapeutic interventions, the authors provide a concise review of the literature and discuss the optimal management of incidental CMs.

Immunszintigraphie mit 111ln-DTPA-markierten monoklonalen Antikörpern: Vergleich zwischen ECT und planarer Szintigraphie

1987 ◽  
Vol 26 (06) ◽  
pp. 258-262
Author(s):  
J. Happi ◽  
R. P. Baum ◽  
J. Frohn ◽  
B. Weimer ◽  
A. Halbsguth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Undifferentiated Carcinoma ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Acquisition Time ◽  
Planar Imaging ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Intraindividual Comparison ◽  
Single Detector ◽  
Increased Sensitivity

The present study was done in order to examine if the use of111ln-DTPA- labeled MAb fragments in place of 131l-labeled MAb fragments increases the sensitivity of tomographic immunoscintigraphy to reach the level of that of planar imaging techniques. In 11 patients with various primary tumors, local recurrences or metastases [colorectal carcinoma (n = 7), ovarian carcinoma (n = 2), papillary thyroid carcinoma (n = 1), undifferentiated carcinoma of the lung (n = 1)], immunoscintigraphy (IS) was carried out using 111ln-DTPA- labeled F(ab’)2 fragments of various MAbs (anti-CEA, OC 125, anti-hTG) and planar and tomographic imaging were compared intraindividually. By conventional diagnostic procedures, the presence of a tumor mass was confirmed (transmission computer tomography, ultrasound) or verified (131l whole-body scintigraphy, histology) in all cases. Immunoscintigraphy was positive in 9 out of 11 cases by ECT and in 10 out of 11 cases by planar imaging. When using 111 In-labeled MAb fragments, intraindividual comparison of ECT and planar imaging resulted in a similar sensitivity. The increased sensitivity of ECT using this tracer in contrast to 131l-labeled MAb fragments may be attributed to the fact that the physical properties of111 In are much more suitable for the gamma cameras most commonly used (single detector, 3/8” crystal); using 111 In-labeled MAb fragments, count rates sufficient for ECT can be obtained within a reasonable acquisition time. This allows to combine IS with the advantages of ECT regarding tumour localization and prevention of artefacts due to superposition of background.

scholarly journals Indications and outcomes of enterovesical and colovesical fistulas: systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis of prevalence

BMC Surgery ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Granieri ◽  
Francesco Sessa ◽  
Alessandro Bonomi ◽  
Sissi Paleino ◽  
Federica Bruno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Palliative Surgery ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Colovesical Fistula ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background Entero-colovesical fistula is a rare complication of various benign and malignant diseases. The diagnosis is prominently based on clinical symptoms; imaging studies are necessary not only to confirm the presence of the fistula, but more importantly to demonstrate the extent and the nature of the fistula. There is still a lack of consensus regarding the if, when and how to repair the fistula. The aim of the study is to review the different surgical treatment options, focus on surgical indications, and explore cumulative recurrence, morbidity, and mortality rates of entero-vesical and colo-vesical fistula patients. Methods A systematic review of the literature was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Random effects meta-analyses of proportions were developed to assess primary and secondary endpoints. I2 statistic and Cochran’s Q test were computed to assess inter-studies’ heterogeneity. Results Twenty-two studies were included in the analysis with a total of 861 patients. Meta-analyses of proportions pointed out 5, 22.2, and 4.9% rates for recurrence, complications, and mortality respectively. A single-stage procedure was performed in 75.5% of the cases, whereas a multi-stage operation in 15.5% of patients. Palliative surgery was performed in 6.2% of the cases. In 2.3% of the cases, the surgical procedure was not specified. Simple and advanced repair of the bladder was performed in 84.3% and 15.6% of the cases respectively. Conclusions Although burdened by a non-negligible rate of complications, surgical repair of entero-colovesical fistula leads to excellent results in terms of primary healing. Our review offers opportunities for significant further research in this field. Level of Evidence Level III according to ELIS (SR/MA with up to two negative criteria).

scholarly journals Acute Pancreatitis as a Complication of Antiepileptic Treatment: Case Series and Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-103
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Pawłowska-Kamieniak ◽  
Paulina Krawiec ◽  
Elżbieta Pac-Kożuchowska
Keyword(s):  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Gallstone Disease ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Acid Therapy

Acute pancreatitis (AP) appears to be rare disease in childhood. In children, it has a different aetiology and course, and requires different management than in adult patients. The diagnosis of AP is based on at least two of the three criteria, which include typical clinical symptoms, abnormalities in laboratory tests and/or imaging studies of the pancreas. There are many known causes leading to AP in children including infections, blunt abdominal trauma, genetic factors, gallstone disease, metabolic disorders, anatomical defects of the pancreas, systemic diseases, as well as drugs, including antiepileptic drugs, and especially preparations of valproic acid. In our study, we present four cases of young patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis as a complication of valproic acid therapy and we present a review of the literature. We believe that the activity of pancreatic enzymes should be monitored in children treated with valproate preparations in the case of clinical symptoms suggesting AP.

Whole brain atlas-based diffusion kurtosis imaging parameters for evaluation of minimal hepatic encephalopathy

2021 ◽  
pp. 197140092110269
Author(s):  
Prateek Gupta ◽  
Sameer Vyas ◽  
Teddy Salan ◽  
Chirag Jain ◽  
Sunil Taneja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Brain Atlas ◽  
Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Diffusion Kurtosis

Background and purposes Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) has no recognizable clinical symptoms, but patients have cognitive and psychomotor deficits. Hyperammonemia along with neuroinflammation lead to microstructural changes in cerebral parenchyma. Changes at conventional imaging are detected usually at the overt clinical stage, but microstructural alterations by advanced magnetic resonance imaging techniques can be detected at an early stage. Materials and methods Whole brain diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) data acquired at 3T was analyzed to investigate microstructural parenchymal changes in 15 patients with MHE and compared with 15 age- and sex-matched controls. DKI parametric maps, namely kurtosis fractional anisotropy (kFA), mean kurtosis (MK), axial kurtosis (AK) and radial kurtosis (RK), were evaluated at 64 white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM) regions of interest (ROIs) in the whole brain and correlated with the psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score (PHES). Results The MHE group showed a decrease in kFA and AK across the whole brain, whereas MK and RK decreased in WM ROIs but increased in several cortical and deep GM ROIs. These alterations were consistent with brain regions involved in cognitive function. Significant moderate to strong correlations (–0.52 to –0.66; 0.56) between RK, MK and kFA kurtosis metrics and PHES were observed. Conclusion DKI parameters show extensive microstructural brain abnormalities in MHE with minor correlation between the severity of tissue damage and psychometric scores.

Progressive neurological deficits with benign intracerebral cysts

1986 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 706-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoko Nakasu ◽  
Jyoji Handa ◽  
Kazuyoshi Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Histological Examination ◽  
Computerized Tomography ◽  
Cyst Wall ◽  
Benign Lesion ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ct Findings ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Two patients with benign intracerebral cysts are reported and a brief review of the literature is given. Although computerized tomography (CT) scanning is useful in detecting a variety of intracerebral cysts, the CT findings are not specific for any lesion. An exploratory operation with establishment of an adequate route of drainage and a histological examination of the cyst wall are mandatory in the management of patients with a progressive but benign lesion.

Diagnosis of neuroschistosomiasis by antibody specificity index and semi-quantitative real-time PCR from cerebrospinal fluid and serum

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg Härter ◽  
Hagen Frickmann ◽  
Sebastian Zenk ◽  
Dominic Wichmann ◽  
Bettina Ammann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Antibody Specificity ◽  
Quantitative Real Time Pcr ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Routine Diagnosis

We describe the case of a 16-year-old German male expatriate from Ghana who presented with obstipation, dysuria, dysaesthesia of the gluteal region and the lower limbs, bilateral plantar hypaesthesia and paraesthesia without pareses. A serum–cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Schistosoma spp. specific antibody specificity index of 3.1 was considered highly suggestive of intrathecal synthesis of anti-Schistosoma spp. specific antibodies, although standardization of this procedure has not previously been described. Diagnosis was confirmed by detection of Schistosoma DNA in CSF by semi-quantitative real-time PCR at 100-fold concentration compared with serum. Accordingly the two diagnostic procedures, which have not previously been applied for routine diagnosis, appear to be useful for the diagnosis of neuroschistosomiasis. Clinical symptoms resolved following anthelmintic and anti-inflammatory therapy.

scholarly journals Cerebellar liponeurocytoma: a rare intracranial tumor with possible familial predisposition. Case report

2016 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amparo Wolf ◽  
Huda Alghefari ◽  
Daria Krivosheya ◽  
Michael D. Staudt ◽  
Gregory Bowden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Development ◽  
Healthy Woman ◽  
Intracranial Tumor ◽  
Intracranial Tumors ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Biological Origin ◽  
Familial Predisposition ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cerebellar Liponeurocytoma ◽  
Supracerebellar Infratentorial Approach

The biological origin of cerebellar liponeurocytomas is unknown, and hereditary forms of this disease have not been described. Here, the authors present clinical and histopathological findings of a young patient with a cerebellar liponeurocytoma who had multiple immediate family members who harbored similar intracranial tumors. A 37-year-old otherwise healthy woman presented with a history of progressive headaches. Lipomatous medulloblastoma had been diagnosed previously in her mother and maternal grandfather, and her maternal uncle had a supratentorial liponeurocytoma. MRI revealed a large, poorly enhancing, lipomatous mass emanating from the superior vermis that produced marked compression of posterior fossa structures. An uncomplicated supracerebellar infratentorial approach was used to resect the lesion. Genetic and histopathological analyses of the lesion revealed neuronal, glial, and lipomatous differentiation and confirmed the diagnosis of cerebellar liponeurocytoma. A comparison of the tumors resected from the patient and, 22 years previously, her mother revealed similar features. Cerebellar liponeurocytoma is a poorly understood entity. This report provides novel evidence of an inheritable predisposition for tumor development. Accurate diagnosis and reporting of clinical outcomes and associated genetic and histopathological changes are necessary for guiding prognosis and developing recommendations for patient care.

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