The Effect of Metal Ions on the Growth and Ferrous Iron Oxidation by Leptospirillum ferriphilum CC Isolated from Armenia Mine Sites

The aim of this study is to investigate the potential of newly isolated strain Leptospirillum (L.) ferriphilum CC for bioleaching of pyrite and chalcopyrite in pure or mixed culture with other iron- and/or sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. In this paper, kinetics of ferrous iron (Fe2+) oxidation by newly isolated strain Leptospirillum (L.) ferriphilum CC was studied. The effect of initial Fe2+ in the concentration range of 50–400 mM on bacterial growth and iron oxidation was studied. It was shown that microbial Fe2+ oxidation was competitively inhibited by Fe3+. The influence of copper, zinc, nickel and cobalt ions on the oxidation of Fe2+ by L. ferriphilum CC was also studied. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for each metal ion were determined. The toxicity of the ions was found to be as follows: Co > Zn > Ni > Cu. The comparison of iron oxidation kinetic parameters of L. ferriphilum CC with other strains of L. ferriphilum indicates the high potential of strain L. ferriphilum CC for biogenic regeneration of concentrated ferric iron (Fe3+) in bioleaching processes of ores and ore concentrates. Bioleaching tests indicated that the newly isolated L. ferriphilum CC can be a prospective strain for the bioleaching of sulfide minerals in pure culture or in association with other iron- and/or sulfur-oxidizing bacteria.

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Phylogenetic and genetic variation among Fe(II)-oxidizing acidithiobacilli supports the view that these comprise multiple species with different ferrous iron oxidation pathways

Microbiology ◽

10.1099/mic.0.044537-0 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 157 (1) ◽

pp. 111-122 ◽

Cited By ~ 79

Author(s):

Agnès Amouric ◽

Céline Brochier-Armanet ◽

D. Barrie Johnson ◽

Violaine Bonnefoy ◽

Kevin B. Hallberg

Keyword(s):

Ferrous Iron ◽

Iron Oxidation ◽

Sulfur Oxidation ◽

Public And Private ◽

Phenotypic Differences ◽

Ferrous Iron Oxidation ◽

Sulfur Oxidizing ◽

Multiple Species ◽

High Degree ◽

Private Collections

Autotrophic acidophilic iron- and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria of the genus Acidithiobacillus constitute a heterogeneous taxon encompassing a high degree of diversity at the phylogenetic and genetic levels, though currently only two species are recognized (Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans). One of the major functional disparities concerns the biochemical mechanisms of iron and sulfur oxidation, with discrepancies reported in the literature concerning the genes and proteins involved in these processes. These include two types of high-potential iron–sulfur proteins (HiPIPs): (i) Iro, which has been described as the iron oxidase; and (ii) Hip, which has been proposed to be involved in the electron transfer between sulfur compounds and oxygen. In addition, two rusticyanins have been described: (i) rusticyanin A, encoded by the rusA gene and belonging to the well-characterized rus operon, which plays a central role in the iron respiratory chain; and (ii) rusticyanin B, a protein to which no function has yet been ascribed. Data from a multilocus sequence analysis of 21 strains of Fe(II)-oxidizing acidithiobacilli obtained from public and private collections using five phylogenetic markers showed that these strains could be divided into four monophyletic groups. These divisions correlated not only with levels of genomic DNA hybridization and phenotypic differences among the strains, but also with the types of rusticyanin and HiPIPs that they harbour. Taken together, the data indicate that Fe(II)-oxidizing acidithiobacilli comprise at least four distinct taxa, all of which are able to oxidize both ferrous iron and sulfur, and suggest that different iron oxidation pathways have evolved in these closely related bacteria.

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Ferrous iron oxidation by sulfur-oxidizing Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and analysis of the process at the levels of transcription and protein synthesis

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek ◽

10.1007/s10482-012-9872-2 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 103 (4) ◽

pp. 905-919 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Jiri Kucera ◽

Pavel Bouchal ◽

Jan Lochman ◽

David Potesil ◽

Oldrich Janiczek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protein Synthesis ◽

Acidithiobacillus Ferrooxidans ◽

Ferrous Iron ◽

Iron Oxidation ◽

Ferrous Iron Oxidation ◽

Sulfur Oxidizing

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Ferrous iron oxidation in moderately thermophilic acidophile Sulfobacillus sibiricus N1T

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/w10-063 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 56 (10) ◽

pp. 803-808 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Tatiana Y. Dinarieva ◽

Anna E. Zhuravleva ◽

Oksana A. Pavlenko ◽

Iraida A. Tsaplina ◽

Alexander I. Netrusov

Keyword(s):

Ferrous Iron ◽

High Performance ◽

Iron Oxidation ◽

Early Exponential Phase ◽

Moderately Thermophilic ◽

Terminal Oxidases ◽

Cytochrome Bo ◽

Ferrous Iron Oxidation ◽

Transport Chain ◽

Membrane Bound

The iron-oxidizing system of a moderately thermophilic, extremely acidophilic, gram-positive mixotroph, Sulfobacillus sibiricus N1T, was studied by spectroscopic, high-performance liquid chromatography and inhibitory analyses. Hemes B, A, and O were detected in membranes of S. sibiricus N1T. It is proposed that the electron transport chain from Fe2+ to O2 is terminated by 2 physiological oxidases: aa3-type cytochrome, which dominates in the early-exponential phase of growth, and bo3-type cytochrome, whose role in iron oxidation becomes more prominent upon growth of the culture. Both oxidases were sensitive to cyanide and azide. Cytochrome aa3 was more sensitive to cyanide and azide, with Ki values of 4.1 and 2.5 µmol·L–1, respectively, compared with Ki values for cytochrome bo3, which were 9.5 µmol·L–1 for cyanide and 7.0 µmol·L–1 for azide. This is the first evidence for the participation of a bo3-type oxidase in ferrous iron oxidation. The respiratory chain of the mixotroph contains, in addition to the 2 terminal oxidases, a membrane-bound cytochrome b573.

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Patent protection of microorganisms with special reference to ferrous-iron and sulfur oxidizing bacteria

Biotechnology and Bioengineering ◽

10.1002/bit.260171217 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 17 (12) ◽

pp. 1853-1857 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

O. H. Tuovinen ◽

D. J. D. Nicholas

Keyword(s):

Special Reference ◽

Ferrous Iron ◽

Patent Protection ◽

Sulfur Oxidizing ◽

Sulfur Oxidizing Bacteria

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A kinetic model of ferrous iron oxidation by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans in a batch culture

Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly ◽

10.2298/ciceq0502059s ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 59-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Dragisa Savic ◽

Miodrag Lazic ◽

Vlada Veljkovic ◽

Miroslav Vrvic

Keyword(s):

Kinetic Model ◽

Acidithiobacillus Ferrooxidans ◽

Ferrous Iron ◽

Bubble Column ◽

Iron Oxidation ◽

Yield Coefficient ◽

Transfer Rates ◽

Ferrous Iron Oxidation ◽

Menten Kinetic ◽

Kinetics Of

The batch oxidation kinetics of ferrous iron by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans were examined at different oxygen transfer rates and pH in an aerated stirred tank and a bubble column. The microbial growth, oxygen consumption rate and ferrous and ferric iron were monitored during the biooxidation. A kinetic model was established on the basis of the Michaelis-Menten kinetic equation for bacterial growth and the constants estimated from experimental data (maximum specific growth rate 0.069 h-1, saturation constant 2.9 g/dm3, and biomass yield coefficient based on ferrous iron 0.003 gd.w./gFe). Values calculated from the model agreed well with the experimental ones regardless of the bioreactor type and pH conditions.

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