scholarly journals Direct Infusion Metabolomics of the Photosystem and Chlorophyll Related Metabolites within a Drought Tolerant Plant Introduction of Glycine max

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 843
Author(s):  
Kevin J. Zemaitis ◽  
Heng Ye ◽  
Henry T. Nguyen ◽  
Troy D. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Plant Introduction ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Ion Cyclotron Resonance ◽  
Direct Infusion ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
Chl A

Drought is the most prolific form of abiotic stress that legumes and cereal plants alike can endure, and the planting of an improper cultivar at the beginning of a season can cause unexpected losses up to fifty percent under water deficient conditions. Herein, a plant introduction (PI) of an exotic cultivar of soybean (Glycine max), PI 567731, which demonstrates a slow wilting (SW) canopy phenotype in maturity group III, was profiled under drought conditions in field trials in Missouri against a drought susceptible check cultivar, Pana. Metabolomic profiling was carried out on samples of leaves from each of these cultivars at V5 and R2 growth stages both while irrigated and while under drought stress for three weeks. PI 567731 was observed to have differential phytochemical content, and enhanced levels of chlorophyll (Chl) a/b and pheophytin (Pheo) were profiled by direct infusion electrospray Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). Indicating drought induced changes of the photosystem and photosynthetic capabilities alongside water preservation strategies are important within the SW phenotype drought response. Subsequent multivariate analysis was able to form predictive models, encompassing the variance of growth and drought stress of the cultivar. Moreover, the existence of unique Chl-related metabolites (CRM) (m/z > 900) were confirmed through tandem mass spectrometry. The resultant coordination of fatty acids to the core of the porphyrin ring was observed and played an unknown role in the proliferation of the photosynthesis. However, the relative ratio of the most abundant CRM is undisturbed by drought stress in PI 567731, in contrast to the drought susceptible cultivar. These results provide key insights into drought related metabolic mechanisms.

scholarly journals Overexpression of GmNFYA5 confers drought tolerance to transgenic Arabidopsis and soybean plants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Jun Ma ◽  
Tai-Fei Yu ◽  
Xiao-Hui Li ◽  
Xin-You Cao ◽  
Jian Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Transgenic Arabidopsis ◽  
Transcript Level ◽  
Transcript Abundance ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Synthesis Inhibitor

Abstract Background: Crop productivity is challenged by abiotic stresses, among which drought stress is the most common. NF-Y genes, especially NF-YA genes, regulate tolerance to abiotic stress. Results: Soybean NF-Y gene GmNFYA5 was identified to have the highest transcript level among all 21 NF-YA genes in soybean ( Glycine max L.) under drought stress. Drought-induced transcript of GmNFYA5 was suppressed by the ABA synthesis inhibitor naproxen (NAP). GmNFYA5 transcript was detected in various tissues at vegetative and reproductive growth stages with higher levels in roots and leaves than in other tissues, which was consist with the GmNFYA5 promoter:GUS fusion assay. Overexpression of GmNFYA5 in transgenic Arabidopsis plants caused enhanced drought tolerance in seedlings by decreasing stomatal aperture and water loss from leaves. Overexpression and suppression of GmNFYA5 in soybean resulted in increased and decreased drought tolerance, respectively, relative to plants with an empty vector (EV). Transcript levels of ABA-dependent genes ( ABI2 , ABI3 , NCED3 , LEA3 , RD29A , P5CS1 , GmWRKY46 , GmNCED2 and GmbZIP1 ) and ABA-independent genes ( DREB1A , DREB2A , DREB2B , GmDREB1 , GmDREB2 and GmDREB3 ) in transgenic plants overexpressing GmNFYA5 were higher than those of wild-type plants under drought stress; suppression of GmNFYA5 transcript produced opposite results. GmNFYA5 probably regulated the transcript abundance of GmDREB2 and GmbZIP1 by binding to the promoters in vivo. Conclusions: Our results suggested that overexpression of GmNFYA5 improved drought tolerance in soybean via both ABA-dependent and ABA-independent pathways. Keywords: ABA sensitivity, Glycine max , Nuclear Factor YA, resistance mechanisms

Morphological and Physiological Performance of Indian Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] Genotypes in Respect to Drought 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nishi Mishra ◽  
M.K. Tripathi ◽  
Sushma Tiwari ◽  
Niraj Tripathi ◽  
Neha Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Physiological Analysis ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Different Growth Stages

Background: Soybean is a key crop that grants an imperative supply of oils and proteins to humans and animals; however, its productivity spectacularly diminished owing to the occurrence of drought stress. Methods: The present investigation was executed during Kharif 2018-2019 to recognize drought tolerant genotypes on the basis of an array of morpho-physiological traits. Morpho-physiological analysis among 53 genotypes divulged the existence of drought tolerance capability in studied genotypes.Result: On the basis of current findings, it can be concluded that drought stress retards the growth and metabolic activity of soybean genotypes. These parameters showed considerable amount of variability under drought stress at different growth stages in soybean. Among 53 soybean genotypes, four genotypes viz., JS97-52, AMS 2014-1, RVS-14 and NRC-147 was found to be drought tolerant.

scholarly journals Yield performance of soybean and corn subjected to magnesium foliar spray

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 1185-1191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Miguel Altarugio ◽  
Marcos Harm Loman ◽  
Matheus Gomes Nirschl ◽  
Rafael Gil Silvano ◽  
Eduardo Zavaschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Magnesium Content ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Sulfate Heptahydrate ◽  
Mg Content

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of magnesium foliar spray on yield performance of soybean (Glycine max) and corn (Zea mays) cultivated in soil with adequate levels of base saturation and magnesium content in Brazil. The field trials were conducted on a Typic Hapludox cultivated with soybean and corn in the 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 crop seasons, respectively. Treatments consisted of Mg rates (50, 100, 250, 500, 1,000 and 1,500 g ha-1 and a control without Mg) applied during the V4, R1, and R5.1 (soybean) or V4 and R2 (corn) phenological growth stages as magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (MgSO4∙7H2O). The SPAD index, leaf Mg content, grain yield, and 100-grain weight were evaluated. The Mg foliar spray increased the SPAD index in soybean and the leaf Mg content in corn. The Mg rates of 540 and 890 g ha-1 increased in 325 and 737 kg ha-1 the yield performance of soybean and corn, respectively, regardless of the phenological growth stages. The Mg application during the reproductive stages increased in 2% the 100-grain weight for both crops. Foliar spraying of Mg improves the yield performance in soybean and corn crops.

scholarly journals A Synthetic Cytokinin Improves Photosynthesis in Rice under Drought Stress by Modulating the Abundance of Proteins Related to Stomatal Conductance, Chlorophyll Contents, and Rubisco Activity

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1106
Author(s):  
Ranjit Singh Gujjar ◽  
Pennapa Banyen ◽  
Wannisa Chuekong ◽  
Phapawee Worakan ◽  
Sittiruk Roytrakul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Rubisco Activase ◽  
Normal Rate ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Chlorophyll Pigments ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents

Drought susceptible rice cultivar PTT1 (Pathumthani1) was treated with drought (−72 kPa) and CPPU (N-2-(chloro-4-pyridyl)-N-phenyl urea) @ 5 mg/L at tillering and grain-filling stages. Plants were tested for the effect of synthetic cytokinin on the parameters influencing the process of photosynthesis. Exogenous spray of CPPU improved the stomatal conductance of rice leaves, which was severely reduced by drought. The abundance intensities of proteins, associated with the stomatal conductance (ZEP, NCED4, PYL9, PYL10, ABI5, SnRK4, Phot1, and Phot2), were also in agreement with the positive impact of CPPU on the stomatal conductance under drought stress. Among the photosynthetic pigments, Chl b contents were significantly reduced by drought stress, whereas CPPU treated plants retained the normal contents of Chl b under drought stress. Subsequently, we examined the abundance intensities of chlorophyll synthase and HCR proteins, implicated in the biosynthesis of chlorophyll pigments and the conversion of Chl b to Chl a, respectively. The results indicated a drought-mediated suppression of chlorophyll synthase. However, CPPU treated plants retained normal levels of chlorophyll synthase under drought stress. In addition, drought stress induced HCR proteins, which might be the cause for reduced Chl b contents in drought stressed plants. Further, CPPU treatment helped the plants sustain photosynthesis at a normal rate under drought stress, which was comparable with well-watered plants. The results were further confirmed by examining the abundance intensities of two key proteins, RAF1 and Rubisco activase, implicated in the assembly and activation of Rubisco, respectively. CPPU treatment reversed the drought mediated suppression of these proteins at both of the growth stages of rice under drought stress. Based on the results, it can be suggested that synthetic cytokinins help the plants sustain photosynthesis at a normal rate under drought stress by positively influencing the determinants of photosynthesis at a molecular level.

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