scholarly journals Power Density Improvement of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters via a Novel Hybridization Scheme with Electromagnetic Transduction

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 803
Author(s):  
Zhongjie Li ◽  
Chuanfu Xin ◽  
Yan Peng ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
Jun Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Density ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Patch ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Electromagnetic Transduction ◽  
Self Powered ◽  
Power Densities

A novel hybridization scheme is proposed with electromagnetic transduction to improve the power density of piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH) in this paper. Based on the basic cantilever piezoelectric energy harvester (BC-PEH) composed of a mass block, a piezoelectric patch, and a cantilever beam, we replaced the mass block by a magnet array and added a coil array to form the hybrid energy harvester. To enhance the output power of the electromagnetic energy harvester (EMEH), we utilized an alternating magnet array. Then, to compare the power density of the hybrid harvester and BC-PEH, the experiments of output power were conducted. According to the experimental results, the power densities of the hybrid harvester and BC-PEH are, respectively, 3.53 mW/cm3 and 5.14 μW/cm3 under the conditions of 18.6 Hz and 0.3 g. Therefore, the power density of the hybrid harvester is 686 times as high as that of the BC-PEH, which verified the power density improvement of PEH via a hybridization scheme with EMEH. Additionally, the hybrid harvester exhibits better performance for charging capacitors, such as charging a 2.2 mF capacitor to 8 V within 17 s. It is of great significance to further develop self-powered devices.

Performance analysis of a lever piezoelectric energy harvester for roadway applications

2021 ◽  
pp. 1045389X2110014
Author(s):  
Guangya Ding ◽  
Hongjun Luo ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Guohui Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Speed Sensor ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Optimal Load ◽  
Self Powered ◽  
Output Characteristics

A novel lever piezoelectric energy harvester (LPEH) was designed for installation in an actual roadway for energy harvesting. The model incorporates a lever module that amplifies the applied traffic load and transmits it to the piezoelectric ceramic. To observe the piezoelectric growth benefits of the optimized LPEH structure, the output characteristics and durability of two energy harvesters, the LPEH and a piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH) without a lever, were measured and compared by carrying out piezoelectric performance tests and traffic model experiments. Under the same loading condition, the open circuit voltages of the LPEH and PEH were 20.6 and 11.7 V, respectively, which represents a 76% voltage increase for the LPEH compared to the PEH. The output power of the LPEH was 21.51 mW at the optimal load, which was three times higher than that of the PEH (7.45 mW). The output power was linearly dependent on frequency and load, implying the potential application of the module as a self-powered speed sensor. When tested during 300,000 loading cycles, the LPEH still exhibited stable structural performance and durability.

scholarly journals Design and Analysis of a Magnetically Coupled Multi-Frequency Hybrid Energy Harvester

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (14) ◽  
pp. 3203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenlong Xu ◽  
Hong Yang ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Huawei Ci ◽  
Maoying Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Electromechanical Coupling ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Peak Output Power ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Operating Bandwidth ◽  
Frequency Sweep Test ◽  
Hybrid Energy Harvesting

The approach to improve the output power of piezoelectric energy harvester is one of the current research hotspots. In the case where some sources have two or more discrete vibration frequencies, this paper proposed three types of magnetically coupled multi-frequency hybrid energy harvesters (MHEHs) to capture vibration energy composed of two discrete frequencies. Electromechanical coupling models were established to analyze the magnetic forces, and to evaluate the power generation characteristics, which were verified by the experimental test. The optimal structure was selected through the comparison. With 2 m/s2 excitation acceleration, the optimal peak output power was 2.96 mW at 23.6 Hz and 4.76 mW at 32.8 Hz, respectively. The superiority of hybrid energy harvesting mechanism was demonstrated. The influences of initial center-to-center distances between two magnets and length of cantilever beam on output power were also studied. At last, the frequency sweep test was conducted. Both theoretical and experimental analyses indicated that the proposed MHEH produced more electric power over a larger operating bandwidth.

Performance of a Piezoelectric Bimorph Harvester with Variable Width

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. P. Hu ◽  
Z. J. Cui ◽  
J. G. Cao
Keyword(s):  
Power Density ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Ambient Vibration ◽  
Piezoelectric Bimorph ◽  
Flexural Mode ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Further Development

AbstractThis article analyzes the performance of a piezoelectric energy harvester in the flexural mode for scavenging ambient vibration energy. The energy harvester consists of a piezoelectric bimorph plate with a variable width. A theoretical study is performed and the computational results show that the output power density increases initially, reaches a maximum, and then decreases monotonically with the increasing width, underscoring the importance for the width design of the scavenging structure. Further analysis indicates that the peak of output power density is determined by both the bimorph deformation amplitude and the efficiency in scavenging-energy. The analysis for this simplified model piezoelectric harvester provides a framework for further development on design guidelines for piezoelectric energy harvesters of optimal performance.

A Novel Multi-Directional Nonlinear Piezoelectric Energy Harvester Coupled With Nonlinear Conditioning Circuits

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengbao Yang ◽  
Jean Zu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Elastic Rods ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
High Power Output ◽  
Transduction Mechanisms ◽  
Self Powered ◽  
Aluminum Plates

Energy harvesting from vibrations has become, in recent years, a recurring target of a quantity of research to achieve self-powered operation of low-power electronic devices. However, most of energy harvesters developed to date, regardless of different transduction mechanisms and various structures, are designed to capture vibration energy from single predetermined direction. To overcome the problem of the unidirectional sensitivity, we proposed a novel multi-directional nonlinear energy harvester using piezoelectric materials. The harvester consists of a flexural center (one PZT plate sandwiched by two bow-shaped aluminum plates) and a pair of elastic rods. Base vibration is amplified and transferred to the flexural center by the elastic rods and then converted to electrical energy via the piezoelectric effect. A prototype was fabricated and experimentally compared with traditional cantilevered piezoelectric energy harvester. Following that, a nonlinear conditioning circuit (self-powered SSHI) was analyzed and adopted to improve the performance. Experimental results shows that the proposed energy harvester has the capability of generating power constantly when the excitation direction is changed in 360. It also exhibits a wide frequency bandwidth and a high power output which is further improved by the nonlinear circuit.

Fabrication and analytical modeling of transverse mode piezoelectric energy harvesters

2012 ◽  
Vol 1397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seon-Bae Kim ◽  
Jung-Hyun Park ◽  
Seung-Hyun Kim ◽  
Hosang Ahn ◽  
H. Clyde Wikle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Analytical Modeling ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Power Conversion ◽  
Transverse Mode ◽  
Modified Model ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Interdigital Electrodes ◽  
Piezoelectric Cantilever

ABSTRACTA transverse (d33) mode piezoelectric cantilever was fabricated for energy harvesting. Various dimensions of interdigital electrodes (IDE) were deposited on a piezoelectric layer to examine the effects of electrode design on the performance of energy harvesters. Modeling was performed to calculate the output power of the devices. The estimation was based on Roundy’s analytical modeling derived for a d31 mode piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH). In order to apply the Roundy’s model to d33 mode PEH, the IDE configuration was converted to the area of top and bottom electrodes (TBE). The power conversion in d33 mode PEH was commonly estimated by the product of piezoelectric layer’s thickness and finger electrode’s length. In addition, the spacing between fingers was regarded as gap between top and bottom electrodes. However, the output power in a transverse mode PEH increases continuously with the increase of finger spacing, which does not correspond to experimental results. In this research, the dimension of IDE was converted to that of TBE using conformal mapping, and variation of power of PEH was remodeled. The modified model suggests that the maximum power in a transverse mode PEH is obtained when the finger spacing is identical with effective finger spacing. The output power then decreases when finger spacing is larger than effective finger spacing. The decrease of efficiency may result from insufficient degree of poling and increased charged defect with increasing finger spacing.

Electrical Energy Harvesting Using a Mechanical Rectification Approach

Aerospace ◽  
2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Tieck ◽  
G. P. Carman ◽  
D. G. Enoch Lee
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Power Densities ◽  
Frequency Rectification

This paper presents a new approach using frequency rectification to harvest electrical energy from mechanical energy using piezoelectric devices. The rectification approach utilizes a linearly traveling Rectifier to impart vibrational motion to a cantilever piezoelectric bimorph. A conventional cantilever-type energy harvester is tested aside the rectified beam. The Standard beam generated 0.11 W of power, a power density of 15.63 kW/m3, and an energy density of 130.7 J/m3. The Rectified beam generated 580 mW of power, a power density of 871.92 kW/m3, and an energy density of 313.15 J/m3, a factor 2.4 greater than conventional energy harvesting methods. These results confirm the original thesis that a mechanically rectified piezoelectric Energy Harvester would generate larger Energy and Power Densities as well as Specific Powers, compared to conventional technologies.

scholarly journals Bandwidth Broadening of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters Using Arrays of a Proposed Piezoelectric Cantilever Structure

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 973
Author(s):  
Marwa S. Salem ◽  
Shimaa Ahmed ◽  
Ahmed Shaker ◽  
Mohammad T. Alshammari ◽  
Kawther A. Al-Dhlan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Piezoelectric Material ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibration Source ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Narrow Bandwidth ◽  
Cantilever Structure ◽  
Bandwidth Broadening

One of the most important challenges in the design of the piezoelectric energy harvester is its narrow bandwidth. Most of the input vibration sources are exposed to frequency variation during their operation. The piezoelectric energy harvester’s narrow bandwidth makes it difficult for the harvester to track the variations of the input vibration source frequency. Thus, the harvester’s output power and overall performance is expected to decline from the designed value. This current study aims to solve the problem of the piezoelectric energy harvester’s narrow bandwidth. The main objective is to achieve bandwidth broadening which is carried out by segmenting the piezoelectric material of the energy harvester into n segments; where n could be more than one. Three arrays with two, four, and six beams are shaped with two piezoelectric segments. The effect of changing the length of the piezoelectric material segment on the resonant frequency, output power, and bandwidth, as well as the frequency response is investigated. The proposed piezoelectric energy harvesters were implemented utilizing a finite element method (FEM) simulation in a MATLAB environment. The results show that increasing the number of array beams increases the output power and bandwidth. For the three-beam arrays, at n equals 2, 6 mW output power and a 9 Hz bandwidth were obtained. Moreover, the bandwidth of such arrays covered around 5% deviation from its resonant frequency. All structures were designed to operate as a steel wheel safety sensor which could be used in train tracks.

Equivalent Circuit Modeling of Patch-Based Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting on Plate-Like Structures With AC-DC Conversion

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amirreza Aghakhani ◽  
Ipek Basdogan ◽  
Alper Erturk
Keyword(s):  
Equivalent Circuit ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Circuit Modeling ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Patch ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Equivalent Circuit Modeling ◽  
Equivalent Circuit Parameters ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Multi Mode

The equivalent circuit modeling of the vibration-based energy harvesters for accurate estimation of electrical response has drawn much attention over the recent years. Different methods have been proposed to obtain the equivalent circuit parameters using analytical and finite element models of the piezoelectric energy harvesters. In such methods, the structure is a typical cantilever beam with piezoelectric layers under base excitation. As an alternative to beams, piezoelectric patch-based harvesters attached to thin plates can be considered due to the wide use of plate-like structures in automotive, marine and aerospace applications. Considering these needs, a multi-mode equivalent circuit model of a piezoelectric energy harvester integrated to a thin plate is developed in this study. Equivalent circuit parameters are obtained from analytical distributed-parameter model of the harvester which covers the electromechanical coupling behavior of the piezoelectric patch and vibration of the host plate. The multi-mode circuit representation of the harvester is built via electronic circuit simulation software SPICE. Using the SPICE software, electrical outputs of the piezoelectric energy harvester connected to linear and nonlinear circuit elements are computed. Simulation results are then validated for the standard AC-AC and AC-DC configurations. For the AC configuration, voltage Frequency Response Functions (FRFs) are calculated for various resistive loads and they exhibit excellent agreement with the published analytical closed-form solution. For the full-wave rectifier configuration, simulation results of the DC voltage and power outputs are calculated for a wide range of load resistance values and compared with the analytical single-mode expression of the harvester in the literature.

scholarly journals Design and analysis of a shear mode piezoelectric energy harvester for rotational motion system

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
pp. 2050008
Author(s):  
Tejkaran Narolia ◽  
Vijay K. Gupta ◽  
I. A. Parinov
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Parameters Optimization ◽  
Shear Mode ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Induced Voltage ◽  
Average Output ◽  
Piezoelectric Patch ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy

A shear mode piezoelectric energy harvester for harvesting energy from rotary motion is developed. The kinetic energy in the form of rotation is converted into electrical form of energy by piezoelectric principle with oscillation of piezoelectric patch through magnetic shear force. Efforts have been made to increase the output power using shear mode of operation. In order to estimate the induced voltage of piezoelectric patch, a mathematical model and an Finite Element (FE) model are developed. Considering various parameters, optimization of the harvester was made. Analytical and Finite Element Method (FEM) results are compared and good agreement has been found. The total average output power of 358.44 W is generated when rotary speed of hub of about 600 RPM.

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