scholarly journals Additive Manufacturing of Textured FePrCuB Permanent Magnets

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1056
Author(s):  
Dagmar Goll ◽  
Felix Trauter ◽  
Ralf Loeffler ◽  
Thomas Gross ◽  
Gerhard Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Laser Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Powder Bed ◽  
Mold Casting ◽  
Metallurgical Processing ◽  
Hard Magnetic Properties ◽  
Stage Heat Treatment

Permanent magnets based on FePrCuB were realized on a laboratory scale through additive manufacturing (laser powder bed fusion, L-PBF) and book mold casting (reference). A well-adjusted two-stage heat treatment of the as-cast/as-printed FePrCuB alloys produces hard magnetic properties without the need for subsequent powder metallurgical processing. This resulted in a coercivity of 0.67 T, remanence of 0.67 T and maximum energy density of 69.8 kJ/m3 for the printed parts. While the annealed book-mold-cast FePrCuB alloys are easy-plane permanent magnets (BMC magnet), the printed magnets are characterized by a distinct, predominantly directional microstructure that originated from the AM process and was further refined during heat treatment. Due to the higher degree of texturing, the L-PBF magnet has a 26% higher remanence compared to the identically annealed BMC magnet of the same composition.

scholarly journals Additive Manufacturing of Bulk Nanocrystalline FeNdB Based Permanent Magnets

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 538
Author(s):  
Dagmar Goll ◽  
Felix Trauter ◽  
Timo Bernthaler ◽  
Jochen Schanz ◽  
Harald Riegel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Powder Bed ◽  
Melt Pool ◽  
Bulk Nanocrystalline ◽  
Ribbon Structures ◽  
Nanocrystalline Ribbon

Lab scale additive manufacturing of Fe-Nd-B based powders was performed to realize bulk nanocrystalline Fe-Nd-B based permanent magnets. For fabrication a special inert gas process chamber for laser powder bed fusion was used. Inspired by the nanocrystalline ribbon structures, well-known from melt-spinning, the concept was successfully transferred to the additive manufactured parts. For example, for Nd16.5-Pr1.5-Zr2.6-Ti2.5-Co2.2-Fe65.9-B8.8 (excess rare earth (RE) = Nd, Pr; the amount of additives was chosen following Magnequench (MQ) powder composition) a maximum coercivity of µ0Hc = 1.16 T, remanence Jr = 0.58 T and maximum energy density of (BH)max = 62.3 kJ/m3 have been achieved. The most important prerequisite to develop nanocrystalline printed parts with good magnetic properties is to enable rapid solidification during selective laser melting. This is made possible by a shallow melt pool during laser melting. Melt pool depths as low as 20 to 40 µm have been achieved. The printed bulk nanocrystalline Fe-Nd-B based permanent magnets have the potential to realize magnets known so far as polymer bonded magnets without polymer.

Additive Manufacturing of Rare Earth Permanent Magnets: A Review on Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Röhrig Martins Silva ◽  
Rafael Gitti ◽  
Rubens Nunes de Faria Jr. ◽  
fernando Landgraf ◽  
Cristiani Campos Pla Cid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Laser Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Powder Bed

scholarly journals Structure and Properties of Ti/Ti64 Graded Material Manufactured by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 6140
Author(s):  
Evgenii Borisov ◽  
Igor Polozov ◽  
Kirill Starikov ◽  
Anatoly Popovich ◽  
Vadim Sufiiarov
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Hot Isostatic Pressing ◽  
Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Laser Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Powder Bed ◽  
Isostatic Pressing ◽  
Graded Material ◽  
Single Part

Multimaterial additive manufacturing is an attractive way of producing parts with improved functional properties by combining materials with different properties within a single part. Pure Ti provides a high ductility and an improved corrosion resistance, while the Ti64 alloy has a higher strength. The combination of these alloys within a single part using additive manufacturing can be used to produce advanced multimaterial components. This work explores the multimaterial Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) of Ti/Ti64 graded material. The microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti/Ti64-graded samples fabricated by L-PBF with different geometries of the graded zones, as well as different effects of heat treatment and hot isostatic pressing on the microstructure of the bimetallic Ti/Ti64 samples, were investigated. The transition zone microstructure has a distinct character and does not undergo significant changes during heat treatment and hot isostatic pressing. The tensile tests of Ti/Ti64 samples showed that when the Ti64 zones were located along the sample, the ratio of cross-sections has a greater influence on the mechanical properties than their shape and location. The presented results of the investigation of the graded Ti/Ti64 samples allow tailoring properties for the possible applications of multimaterial parts.

scholarly journals A Novel γ′-Strengthened Nickel-Based Superalloy for Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 4930
Author(s):  
Jinghao Xu ◽  
Hans Gruber ◽  
Ru Lin Peng ◽  
Johan Moverare
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Solution Heat Treatment ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Laser Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Powder Bed ◽  
Nickel Based Superalloy ◽  
Annealing Twins

An experimental printable γ′-strengthened nickel-based superalloy, MAD542, is proposed. By process optimization, a crack-free component with less than 0.06% defect was achieved by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). After post-processing by solution heat treatment, a recrystallized structure was revealed, which was also associated with the formation of annealing twins. After the aging treatment, 60–65% γ′ precipitates were obtained with a cuboidal morphology. The success of printing and post-processing the new MAD542 superalloy may give new insights into alloy design approaches for additive manufacturing.

scholarly journals GEOMETRICAL BENCHMARKING OF LASER POWDER BED FUSION SYSTEMS BASED ON DESIGNER NEEDS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1657-1666
Author(s):  
Joaquin Montero ◽  
Sebastian Weber ◽  
Christoph Petroll ◽  
Stefan Brenner ◽  
Matthias Bleckmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Design For Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Laser Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Measuring Systems ◽  
Powder Bed ◽  
Geometric Dimensioning And Tolerancing ◽  
Uncertainty Map ◽  
New System

AbstractCommercially available metal Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) systems are steadily evolving. Thus, design limitations narrow and the diversity of achievable geometries widens. This progress leads researchers to create innovative benchmarks to understand the new system capabilities. Thereby, designers can update their knowledge base in design for additive manufacturing (DfAM). To date, there are plenty of geometrical benchmarks that seek to develop generic test artefacts. Still, they are often complex to measure, and the information they deliver may not be relevant to some designers. This article proposes a geometrical benchmarking approach for metal L-PBF systems based on the designer needs. Furthermore, Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing (GD&T) characteristics enhance the approach. A practical use-case is presented, consisting of developing, manufacturing, and measuring a meaningful and straightforward geometric test artefact. Moreover, optical measuring systems are used to create a tailored uncertainty map for benchmarking two different L-PBF systems.

scholarly journals Laser Powder Bed Fusion Processing of Fe-Mn-Al-Ni Shape Memory Alloy—On the Effect of Elevated Platform Temperatures

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Felix Clemens Ewald ◽  
Florian Brenne ◽  
Tobias Gustmann ◽  
Malte Vollmer ◽  
Philipp Krooß ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Crack Formation ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Tensile Load ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Laser Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Cyclic Heat Treatment ◽  
Powder Bed ◽  
Cyclic Heat

In order to overcome constraints related to crack formation during additive processing (laser powder bed fusion, L-BPF) of Fe-Mn-Al-Ni, the potential of high-temperature L-PBF processing was investigated in the present study. The effect of the process parameters on crack formation, grain structure, and phase distribution in the as-built condition, as well as in the course of cyclic heat treatment was examined by microstructural analysis. Optimized processing parameters were applied to fabricate cylindrical samples featuring a crack-free and columnar grained microstructure. In the course of cyclic heat treatment, abnormal grain growth (AGG) sets in, eventually promoting the evolution of a bamboo like microstructure. Testing under tensile load revealed a well-defined stress plateau and reversible strains of up to 4%.

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