scholarly journals Identifying a Novel Bile Salt Hydrolase from the Keystone Gut Bacterium Christensenella minuta

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1252
Author(s):  
Guillaume Déjean ◽  
Héloïse Tudela ◽  
Lisa Bruno ◽  
Déborah Kissi ◽  
Georges Rawadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Bile Salt ◽  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Taurocholic Acid ◽  
Bile Salt Hydrolase ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Microbial Ecosystem ◽  
Unique Role ◽  
Microbiota Diversity ◽  
Bsh Activity

Christensenella minuta are human gut dwelling bacteria that have been proposed as key members of the gut microbiome, regulating energy balance and adiposity of their host. We formerly identified that a novel strain of C. minuta (strain DSM33407) boosted microbiota diversity and stimulated deconjugation of the primary bile acid taurocholic acid in human samples. However, there is no description of a bile salt hydrolase (BSH) protein carried in the genome of C. minuta. Here, we identified and cloned a protein from C. minuta’s genome that carries a potent BSH activity, which preferentially deconjugates glycine-conjugated bile acids. We then retrieved 14,319 putative BSH sequences from the NCBI database and filtered them using the UHGP database to collect a total of 6701 sequences that were used to build the most comprehensive phylogenetic tree of BSH-related enzymes identified in the human microbiome so far. This phylogenetic tree revealed that C. minuta’s BSH amino acid sequence clusters away from others with a threshold of 70% identity. This is therefore the first description of C. minuta’s BSH protein, which may be involved in its unique role within the human gut microbial ecosystem.

scholarly journals In Vitro Bile Salt Hydrolase (BSH) Activity Screening of Different Probiotic Microorganisms

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 674
Author(s):  
Jimmy G. Hernández-Gómez ◽  
Argelia López-Bonilla ◽  
Gabriela Trejo-Tapia ◽  
Sandra V. Ávila-Reyes ◽  
Antonio R. Jiménez-Aparicio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Salt ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Saccharomyces Boulardii ◽  
Bile Salt Hydrolase ◽  
Sodium Glycocholate ◽  
Probiotic Yeast ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Bsh Activity

Bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity in probiotic strains is usually correlated with the ability to lower serum cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemic patients. The objective of this study was the evaluation of BSH in five probiotic strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and a probiotic yeast. The activity was assessed using a qualitative direct plate test and a quantitative high-performance thin- layer chromatography assay. The six strains differed in their BSH substrate preference and activity. Lactobacillus plantarum DGIA1, a potentially probiotic strain isolated from a double cream cheese from Chiapas, Mexico, showed excellent deconjugation activities in the four tested bile acids (69, 100, 81, and 92% for sodium glycocholate, glycodeoxycholate, taurocholate, and taurodeoxycholate, respectively). In the case of the commercial probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii, the deconjugation activities were good against sodium glycodeoxycholate, taurocholate, and taurodeoxycholate (100, 57, and 63%, respectively). These last two results are part of the novelty of the work. A weak deconjugative activity (5%) was observed in the case of sodium glycocholate. This is the first time that the BSH activity has been detected in this yeast.

scholarly journals Compact Miniaturized Bioluminescence Sensor Based on Continuous Air-Segmented Flow for Real-Time Monitoring: Application to Bile Salt Hydrolase (BSH) Activity and ATP Detection in Biological Fluids

Chemosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Aldo Roda ◽  
Pierpaolo Greco ◽  
Patrizia Simoni ◽  
Valentina Marassi ◽  
Giada Moroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Salt ◽  
Light Emission ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Bile Salt Hydrolase ◽  
Segmented Flow ◽  
Active Substrate ◽  
Flat Spiral ◽  
Bsh Activity

A simple and versatile continuous air-segmented flow sensor using immobilized luciferase was designed as a general miniaturized platform based on sensitive biochemiluminescence detection. The device uses miniaturized microperistaltic pumps to deliver flows and compact sensitive light imaging detectors based on BI-CMOS (smartphone camera) or CCD technology. The low-cost components and power supply make it suitable as out-lab device at point of need to monitor kinetic-related processes or ex vivo dynamic events. A nylon6 flat spiral carrying immobilized luciferase was placed in front of the detector in lensless mode using a fiber optic tapered faceplate. ATP was measured in samples collected by microdialysis from rat brain with detecting levels as low as 0.4 fmoles. The same immobilized luciferase was also used for the evaluation of bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity in intestinal microbiota. An aminoluciferin was conjugatated with chenodeoxycholic acid forming the amide derivative aLuc-CDCA. The hydrolysis of the aLuc-CDCA probe by BSH releases free uncaged aminoluciferin which is the active substrate for luciferase leading to light emission. This method can detect as low as 0.5 mM of aLuc-CDCA, so it can be used on real faecal human samples to study BSH activity and its modulation by diseases and drugs.

scholarly journals Functional Analysis of Four Bile Salt Hydrolase and Penicillin Acylase Family Members in Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (15) ◽  
pp. 4719-4726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanda M. Lambert ◽  
Roger S. Bongers ◽  
Willem M. de Vos ◽  
Michiel Kleerebezem
Keyword(s):  
Bile Salt ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Penicillin Acylase ◽  
Exponential Growth Phase ◽  
Bile Salt Hydrolase ◽  
Intestinal Microbes ◽  
Bsh Activity

ABSTRACT Bile salts play an important role in the digestion of lipids in vertebrates and are synthesized and conjugated to either glycine or taurine in the liver. Following secretion of bile salts into the small intestine, intestinal microbes are capable of deconjugating the glycine or taurine from the bile salts, using an enzyme called bile salt hydrolase (Bsh). Intestinal lactobacilli are regarded as major contributors to bile salt hydrolysis in vivo. Since the bile salt-hydrolyzing strain Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1 was predicted to carry four bsh genes (bsh1, bsh2, bsh3, and bsh4), the functionality of these bsh genes was explored using Lactococcus lactis heterologous overexpression and multiple bsh deletion strains. Thus, Bsh1 was shown to be responsible for the majority of Bsh activity in L. plantarum WCFS1. In addition, bsh1 of L. plantarum WCFS1 was shown to be involved in conferring tolerance to specific bile salts (i.e., glycocholic acid). Northern blot analysis established that bsh1, bsh2, bsh3, and bsh4 are all expressed in L. plantarum WCFS1 during the exponential growth phase. Following biodiversity analysis, bsh1 appeared to be the only bsh homologue that was variable among L. plantarum strains; furthermore, the presence of bsh1 correlated with the presence of Bsh activity, suggesting that Bsh1 is commonly responsible for Bsh activity in L. plantarum strains. The fact that bsh2, bsh3, and bsh4 genes appeared to be conserved among L. plantarum strains suggests an important role of these genes in the physiology and lifestyle of the species L. plantarum. Analysis of these additional bsh-like genes in L. plantarum WCFS1 suggests that they might encode penicillin acylase rather than Bsh activity, indicating their implication in the conversion of substrates other than bile acids in the natural habitat.

scholarly journals A selective gut bacterial bile salt hydrolase alters host metabolism

eLife ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Yao ◽  
Sarah Craven Seaton ◽  
Sula Ndousse-Fetter ◽  
Arijit A Adhikari ◽  
Nicholas DiBenedetto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Salt ◽  
Bile Salt Hydrolase ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Microbial Activities ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Transcriptional Changes ◽  
Altered Metabolism ◽  
Gnotobiotic Mice ◽  
Host Metabolism ◽  
Isogenic Strains

The human gut microbiota impacts host metabolism and has been implicated in the pathophysiology of obesity and metabolic syndromes. However, defining the roles of specific microbial activities and metabolites on host phenotypes has proven challenging due to the complexity of the microbiome-host ecosystem. Here, we identify strains from the abundant gut bacterial phylum Bacteroidetes that display selective bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity. Using isogenic strains of wild-type and BSH-deleted Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, we selectively modulated the levels of the bile acid tauro-β-muricholic acid in monocolonized gnotobiotic mice. B. thetaiotaomicron BSH mutant-colonized mice displayed altered metabolism, including reduced weight gain and respiratory exchange ratios, as well as transcriptional changes in metabolic, circadian rhythm, and immune pathways in the gut and liver. Our results demonstrate that metabolites generated by a single microbial gene and enzymatic activity can profoundly alter host metabolism and gene expression at local and organism-level scales.

scholarly journals Cholesterol-Lowering Potentials of Lactic Acid Bacteria Based on Bile-Salt Hydrolase Activity and Effect of Potent Strains on Cholesterol MetabolismIn VitroandIn Vivo

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Chih Tsai ◽  
Pei-Pei Lin ◽  
You-Miin Hsieh ◽  
Zi-yi Zhang ◽  
Hui-Ching Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Bile Salt ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Bile Salt Hydrolase ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Bile Salt Hydrolase Activity ◽  
Bsh Activity

This study collected different probiotic isolates from animal and plant sources to evaluate the bile-salt hydrolase activity of probioticsin vitro. The deconjugation potential of bile acid was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. HepG2 cells were cultured with probiotic strains with high BSH activity. The triglyceride (TG) and apolipoprotein B (apo B) secretion by HepG2 cells were evaluated. Our results show that the BSH activity and bile-acid deconjugation abilities ofPediococcus acidilacticiNBHK002,Bifidobacterium adolescentisNBHK006,Lactobacillus rhamnosusNBHK007, andLactobacillus acidophilusNBHK008 were higher than those of the other probiotic strains. The cholesterol concentration in cholesterol micelles was reduced within 24 h. NBHK007 reduced the TG secretion by 100% after 48 h of incubation. NBHK002, NBHK006, and NBHK007 could reduce apo B secretion by 33%, 38%, and 39%, respectively, after 24 h of incubation. The product PROBIO S-23 produced a greater decrease in the total concentration of cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, TG, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance in the serum or livers of hamsters with hypercholesterolemia compared with that of hamsters fed with a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet. These results show that the three probiotic strains of lactic acid bacteria are better candidates for reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease.

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