scholarly journals Assessment of the Possibility of Hydrometallurgical Processing of Low-Grade Ores in the Oxidation Zone of the Malmyzh Cu-Au Porphyry Deposit

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Arthur Sekisov ◽  
Anna Rasskazova
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Deposit ◽  
Oxidation Zone ◽  
Gold Recovery ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Gold Content ◽  
Chloride System ◽  
Size Fractions ◽  
Hydrometallurgical Processing ◽  
Technological Assessment ◽  
Cyanide Consumption

The geochemical features of the ores present in the oxidation zone of the gold-copper Malmyzh mineral deposit are characterized. This deposit is located in the the Nanaian region of the Khabarovsk Territory in the Russian Federation, and a technological assessment of ores present was carried out. The initial gold content in the oxidized ore is 0.1–1.2 ppm, and the leachability of gold from different size fractions by hot cyanide revealed the fact that the ore is not refractory and characterized by increased cyanide consumption. The results demonstrated a high gold content in fine size fractions. Different leaching reagents were applied for oxidized ore testing. These reagents were used both for oxidative pretreatment and leaching process. Activation of solutions was carried out by electrolysis and UV radiation. Different reagent combinations were tested in laboratory with the highest gold recovery (94%) provided by the chloride system with peroxide-sulfuric pretreatment of the oxidized ore. The same reagent combination resulted in 91–94% gold recovery during the column leaching of crushed (−10 mm) ore.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF THE JET SCHEME AND FLOTATION MODE WITH A VAPOR-AIR MIXTURE DURING GOLD-BEARING ORES ENRICHMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-93
Author(s):  
Sergey EVDOKIMOV ◽  
◽  
Tatyana GERASIMENKO ◽  
Azamat MARZOEV ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Bubble Surface ◽  
Surface Forces ◽  
Gold Recovery ◽  
Gold Content ◽  
Hydrometallurgical Processing ◽  
Concentrate Yield ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Wetting Film ◽  
Gold Bearing

Increasing the economic efficiency of enrichment of refractory gold-bearing ores is possible by reducing the cost of opening sulphide gold-bearing concentrates by reducing the yield of flotation concentrate sent to pyro- or hydrometallurgical processing. It is important to maintain the achieved level of gold recovery into concentrate with a lower concentrate yield. In order to achieve this goal, the gold content in the main flotation operation is increased by mixing the rough concentrate separated from ½ part of the ore feed with another ½ part of it. Mixing in the flotation operation of products with a high level of wash ability (ability to separate) – initial feed and rough concentrate – is identical to an increase in the content of the extractable component in the original ore. In accordance with the new regime of flotation, the process is carried out in cold slurry with bubbles filled with hot steam. The physical basis of the new flotation regime is the dependence of the surface properties of air bubbles and surface forces that determine the stability of the liquid film separating the bubble and the particle on the temperature, which increases due to the heat of the vapor-liquid phase transition. Radial oscillations of the bubble surface as a result of pressure pulsations during condensation and vapor evaporation and surface thermal flows of liquid in the wetting film are factors that provide an increase in the completeness of gold recovery and the selectivity of flotation adhesion obtained in ore flotation experiments. In laboratory conditions, a comparison was made of the indicators obtained during the dressing of gold-bearing ores according to the factory and new schemes. It was revealed that the use of the developed technology allows, with a lower concentrate yield, to obtain an increase of 7.06% abs. extraction of gold into a concentrate of the best quality. A decrease in gold losses with flotation tailings is a consequence of an increase in the number of particles reaching the bubble surface due to radial oscillations of its surface and a weakening of the stability of the wetting film by the thermo-capillary mechanism. An increase in adhesion selectivity can be interpreted using the concept of surface forces of structural origin – an increase in the forces of hydrophobic attraction and hydrophilic repulsion with increasing temperature. The interaction of vapor bubbles with nanobubbles on the surface of the solid phase (wetting by the Cassie-Baxter mechanism) ensures efficient particle recovery by the coalescence mechanism of flotation.

scholarly journals Studies on heap leaching of gold with the addition of sodium acetate as an intensifying reagent

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Ye. K. Yessengarayev ◽  
B. S. Baimbetov ◽  
B. N. Surimbayev
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Heap Leaching ◽  
Gold Recovery ◽  
Gold Content ◽  
Electron Probe Analysis ◽  
Crushed Material ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Cyanide Consumption ◽  
Crushed Ore ◽  
Gold Bearing

One of the cheapest methods of extracting gold is heap leaching. However, the recovery of gold by this method is relatively low, compared with cyanidation of the crushed material, so the search for the ways to intensify leaching and increase gold recovery is an urgent task. Investigations on heap leaching of gold from the gold-bearing ore of the Sari Gunay deposit were conducted using a promising reagent sodium acetate to intensify the heap leaching process. The results of assay-gravimetric, chemical, mineralogical and granulometric analyses of oxidized ore are presented. The average gold content in the ore was 2.90 g/t. According to the electron probe analysis, gold in the ore is present in the form of fine (micron) inclusions in minerals and ore rocks. Comparative studies on heap leaching of gold from the crushed ore with a grain size of –20 + 0 mm with the addition of sodium acetate and without that were carried out. The degree of gold recovery with sodium acetate at a flow rate of 0.5 kg/t was 58.74%, that without sodium acetate was 54.69%, i.e. the addition of the reagent provides an increase in recovery of more than 4%. Leaching with the addition of the reagent also reduces sodium cyanide consumption from 0.65 to 0.59 kg/t. The research results have shown that sodium acetate can be used to intensify the process of heap leaching of gold when the ore size is –20+0 mm.

Gravity-flotation gold-bearing ore concentration

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-15
Author(s):  
P. K. Fedotov ◽  
A. E. Senchenko ◽  
K. V. Fedotov ◽  
A. E. Burdonov
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Gold Recovery ◽  
Gold Content ◽  
Flotation Concentrate ◽  
Stage Scheme ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Ore Minerals ◽  
Concentrate Yield ◽  
Flotation Concentration ◽  
Gold Bearing

The paper focuses on the study of the gold-bearing ore dressability. According to technological research, the average gold content is 11.88 g/t. The silver content is insignificant – 2.43 g/t. Main ore minerals in the sample are pyrite and pyrrhotite. According to mineralogical and X-ray structural analysis, the average content of these minerals in the ore is about 6 % (in total). Main rock-forming minerals of the original ore are: quartz (60.1 %), quartz-chlorite-mica aggregates (3.8 %), carbonates (7.1 %). According to the study results, it was found that the gold recovery in the GRG test was 72.75 % with a total concentrate yield of 1.34 % and a content of 664.78 g/t. At the same time, the gold content in tailings was 3.29 g/t. A stage test showed that it is advisable to use a two-stage scheme for ore processing by gravity technology only. The first stage is in the grinding cycle with the 60–70 % ore size, and the second stage is with the final classifier overflow size of 90 % –0.071 mm. Centrifugal separation has high performance as a free gold recovery operation in the grinding cycle. A concentrate with a gold content of 2426 g/t was obtained with a yield of 0.31 % and a recovery of 63.74 %. The beneficiation of first stage tailings ground to 90 % –0.071 mm at the KC-CVD concentrator (modeling) made it possible to extract gold into a total gravity concentrate (KC-MD + KC-CVD) of 87.25 % with a concentrate yield of 22.63 %. The gold content in tailings was 1.97 g/t. The results of gravity and flotation concentration of the original ore indicate the feasibility of using a combined gravity-flotation technological scheme. In a closed experiment of the initial ore beneficiation according to the gravity-flotation scheme at a natural pH of the pulp (without adding acid), the following products were obtained: gravity concentrate with a gold content of 2426 g/t at a yield of 0.31 % and recovery of 64.06 %; flotation concentrate (after the II cleaning) with a gold content of 122 g/t at a yield of 2.90 % and recovery of 33.01 %; the total gold recovery in the gravity-flotation concentrate was 94.07 % with a yield of 3.21 % and an Au content of 345.87 g/t, the gold content in the flotation tailings was 0.72 g/t.

scholarly journals Geochemistry of Umm Rus gold - quartz veins, Central Eastern Desert Egypt. A new contribution

2001 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 1139
Author(s):  
O. A. KAMEL ◽  
M. M. EL MAHALLAWI ◽  
H. M. HELMY
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Zone ◽  
Eastern Desert ◽  
Quartz Diorite ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Gold Content ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Quartz Veins ◽  
Central Eastern Desert ◽  
Pan African ◽  
Gold Bearing

Gold-bearing quartz veins of the Umm Rus area occur at the south-eastern contact of a Precambrian granodiorite cupola within younger gabbros of 573-615 Ma belonging to the Pan African orogenic belt. The rocks are intruded within low-grade metasediments. At such contact, a hybrid zone is developed characterized by the occurrence of quartz diorite which grades into diorite and meta-ferrogabro. A limited number of mineralized quartz veins cut the granodiorite-gabbro complex. Different alteration zones are developed in the vicinity of the quartz veins. The quartz veins have two main trends; NS and N30 E, the latter one is usaually gold-bearing. The mineralized parts of the veins commonly consist of highly sheared and banded smoky quartz, and the gold content depends on the relation with the dykes. The element is strongly correlated with As and Ag, but moderately with Cu. Near to intermediate and basic dykes, the contents of Au, Ag and As are noticably increased

scholarly journals Metallogenic Evolution of the Mackenzie and Eastern Selwyn Mountains of Canada’s Northern Cordillera, Northwest Territories: A Compilation and Review

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Ootes ◽  
Sarah A. Gleeson ◽  
Elizabeth Turner ◽  
Kirsten Rasmussen ◽  
Steve Gordey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northwest Territories ◽  
Hanging Wall ◽  
Gold Deposits ◽  
Mineral Deposit ◽  
Iron Formation ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Base Metals ◽  
Geologic History ◽  
Coal Deposits ◽  
Mackenzie Mountains

The Mackenzie and eastern Selwyn Mountains, Northwest Territories, Canada, are the northeast expression of the Cordilleran orogen and have a geologic history that spans the last one billion years. The region has undergone a diverse tectonic evolution, which is reflected in an equally diverse collection of mineral deposits and prospects. More than 300 of these deposits and prospects have been documented in this area of the Northwest Territories and here they are categorized into mineral deposit types and their mode of formation evaluated and highlighted. Stratiform/stratabound Cu-Ag occurrences are hosted in the Neoproterozoic Coates Lake Group, generally preserved in the hanging wall of the Cretaceous Plateau fault, and define a belt through the central part of the Mackenzie Mountains. Low-grade phosphatic stratiform iron (47.5% Fe) occurs as iron formation in the Neoproterozoic Rapitan Group in the very northwest of the Mackenzie Mountains. Sedimentary exhalative Zn-Pb (± Ba) deposits are preserved in Cambrian through Devonian strata of the Selwyn Basin in the eastern Selwyn Mountains. Numerous carbonate-hosted Zn-Pb (± base-metals) occurrences are located in the Paleozoic strata of the Mackenzie Platform in the Mackenzie Mountains. Cretaceous felsic-intermediate plutons, which occur throughout the eastern Selwyn Mountains, are associated with tungsten skarn (proximal to intrusions), base-metal skarn (distal from intrusions), rare metals, semi-precious tourmaline related to pegmatites, and vein-hosted emeralds. Other resources of potential interest include coal deposits, placer gold, and possible Carlin-type gold deposits that have recently been identified farther west in the Yukon.SOMMAIRELes monts Mackenzie et ceux de la chaîne orientale de Selwyn, dans les Territoires du Nord-Ouest, au Canada, sont l'expression au nord-est de l'orogène de la Cordillère, et leur histoire géologique s’étale sur le dernier milliard d’années. La région a été l’hôte d’une évolution tectonique diversifiée, et cela se reflète par une suite tout aussi diversifiée de gisements minéraux et d’indices prometteurs. Plus de 300 de ces dépôts et indices prometteurs ont été documentées dans cette région des Territoires du Nord-Ouest, et le présent article ils sont classés en types de gîtes minéraux, et l’attention est portée sur leur mode de formation. Les gisements de Cu-Ag stratiformes ou stratoïdes sont encaissés dans le Groupe néoprotérozoïque de Coates Lake, et ils sont généralement préservés dans l'éponte supérieure de la faille du plateau crétacé, et ils forment une bande qui traverse la partie centrale des monts Mackenzie. Le fer se retrouve dans des gisements phosphatées stratiformes à faible teneur (47,5% Fe) qui provient de formations de fer dans le Groupe néoprotérozoïque de Rapitan situé dans la pointe nord-ouest des monts Mackenzie. Des gisements sédimentaires exhalatifs de Zn-Pb (± Ba) sont préservés dans des strates cambriennes à dévoniennes du bassin de Selwyn dans la portion est des monts Selwyn. De nombreux indices de Zn-Pb (± métaux communs) dans des roches carbonatées des strates paléozoïques de la plate-forme de Mackenzie, des monts Mackenzie. Des plutons felsiques intermédiaires crétacés, qui pointent tout au long de la chaîne est de Selwyn, sont associées à des skarns de tungstène (proximaux), à des skarns de métaux communs (distaux), à des concentrations de métaux rares, de tourmaline semi-précieuses liés aux pegmatites, et à des émeraudes filoniennes. Parmi d’autres ressources d'intérêt, on retrouve des gisements de charbon, d'or alluvionnaire, et d’éventuels gisements d'or de type Carlin qui ont été découverts récemment plus à l'ouest au Yukon.

Bio-hydrometallurgical processing of low grade chalcopyrite for the recovery of copper metal

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 781-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Panda ◽  
Chinmaya Kumar Sarangi ◽  
Nilotpala Pradhan ◽  
Tondepu Subbaiah ◽  
Lala Behari Sukla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Grade ◽  
Copper Metal ◽  
Hydrometallurgical Processing

scholarly journals Current methods of technogenic gold placer deposit mining with small size gold extraction technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 458-466
Author(s):  
S. A. Prokopiev ◽  
E. S. Prokopiev ◽  
I. V. Kadesnikov ◽  
N. A. Cherimichkina
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Placer Deposit ◽  
Gold Recovery ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Gold Content ◽  
Gold Placer ◽  
Gold Extraction ◽  
Extraction Technology

The purpose of this article is to conduct industrial tests of spiral separation technology on technogenic refractory raw materials. The object of the study is the Yurskoye gold placer deposit in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). An OKV-100 benefication complex with the productive capacity of 100 m3 /h by initial sands was set up in order to conduct pilot mining of the fine-grained tailings dumps of the Yurskoye deposit with the maximum extraction of small size gold. Sands supplied from the different sections of the technogenic deposit had different gold content, granulometric characteristics, and mineralogical composition. The study included experiments carried out at different initial feed; equipment was adjusted for specific raw material depending on productive capacity, liquid/solid ratio, product yield of the small size gold recovery module. The complex productivity was from 90 to 150 m3 /h. The yield and extraction of gold-bearing concentrate, as well as its gold content were determined. The pilot washing with the use of small size gold recovery technology resulted in the average additional gold recovery from sluice tailings of 19.07 %, which is a high indicator, given the low content of gold in technogenic placers. The technology under consideration can be used for the development of both technogenic and operated gold placer deposits.

Selective recording of a tectonic forcing in different grain-size fractions in the Oligocene/Miocene Eastern Alpine Molasse Basin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Hülscher ◽  
Edward R. Sobel ◽  
Niklas Kallnik ◽  
J. Elis Hoffmann ◽  
Ian L. Millar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Sediment Source ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Size Fractions ◽  
Tauern Window ◽  
Sediment Routing ◽  
Single Grain ◽  
Different Grain Size ◽  
Grain Size Fractions

<p>Sedimentary archives are the main source of information for climatic and tectonic changes in Earth’s history. We investigate how the tectonically triggered early (28±1 Ma) exhumation of the Tauern Window in the Eastern European Alps is recorded in the Oligocene/Miocene Northern Alpine Foreland Basin (NAFB) in Upper Austria. We combined Nd isotopic compositions on clay-sized bulk sediment and of sand-sized single-grain apatites with additional trace-element geochemistry, fission track (AFT) and U-Pb dating to investigate the timing of when this tectonic signal reaches the sediment archive within these different grain-size fractions.</p><p>This well-investigated basin offers an excellent opportunity to investigate environmental signal propagation. From ~27 to 19 Ma, a deep-marine basin-axial, gravity-flow dominated channel controlled the West to East directed sediment transport in the Upper Austrian NAFB. The sediments were sourced in the Eastern and Central Alps. At 19 Ma, channel sedimentation ceased and clinoforms prograded from the southern margin northward into the basin. This change in sediment-routing direction cut off the Central Alpine sediment source.</p><p>Drill cuttings of one well on the northern basin slope and drill cores from 12 wells were sampled for clay and the single-grain analysis. Clay eNd values remain stable around -9.7 (±0.5) from 27 to 19 Ma but increase afterwards to -8.7 (±0.2) at 18.3 Ma. In contrast, apatite single-grain results significantly change at 23.3±0.3 Ma from a domination of apatites from low-grade (<upper amphibolite-facies) metamorphic sources, Permo-Mesozoic and late Variscan U-Pb ages and AFT ages >40 Ma to a domination of high-grade metamorphic apatites with late Variscan U-Pb ages and an increasing number of AFT ages <30 Ma. The high-grade metamorphic apatites have slightly more positive eNd values (-2.2 ± 3.9) than the low-grade metamorphic apatites (-4.4 ± 4.2).</p><p>The changes in the single-grain data sets have been previously interpreted to mirror the exposure of a new Upper Austroalpine nappe as a consequence of the ongoing early Tauern Window exhumation. The total signal lag time between the beginning of the exhumation and the arrival of the signal within the apatite assemblage in the sedimentary archive is therefore 3.4 to 6 Myrs. The clay eNd values do not record this change in provenance at 23.3±0.3 Ma as they stayed stable until 19 Ma when they increased slightly. This might point towards a delayed recording of the provenance change revealed at 23.3±0.3 Ma by the apatites. The difference in signal recording is caused by the characteristics of the applied methods. Whereas single-grain distributions of orogen-wide sediment-routing systems can be dominated by geographically small areas with high erosion rates and high mineral fertility, bulk-rock methods integrate over the entire drainage area, a process that diminishes extreme values. The disconnection of the Central Alpine sediment source at 19 Ma, increased the relative proportion of the more positive eNd values of the Upper Austroalpine Nappe in the drainage area, leading to an increase in clay eNd values in our data set. Our results show that different information from the hinterland is recorded in the different grain-size fractions and methods.</p>

Development of a combined processing technology for low-sulfide gold-bearing ores

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
A. K. Koyzhanova ◽  
B. K. Kenzhaliev ◽  
D. R. Magomedov ◽  
N. N. Abdyldaev
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Gold Recovery ◽  
Gold Content ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Gravity Concentration ◽  
Laboratory Equipment ◽  
Sorption Leaching ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Processing Circuit ◽  
Gold Bearing

This paper presents the results of laboratory dressability studies for low-sulfide gold-bearing ores using combined processing and subsequent oxidation leaching of the resulting combined concentrate. According to the current raw materials processing circuit used at the Sekisovskoye deposit, gravity concentration experiments were first carried out using the following laboratory equipment: a Knelson KSMD 3 centrifugal concentrator, an SKO-05 concentration table, and a two-chamber diaphragm jigging machine (i.e., OML by TsNIGRI). A significant portion (0.5 to 1.0 g/t) of the gold remains in the gravity concentration tailings. Subsequent flotation experiments for the tailings suggest that additional gold recovery is possible. The gold content in the final flotation tailings was in the range of 0.15–0.25 g/t. The final gold recovery in the combined process was therefore 93.7–96.5 %. The subsequent sorption cyanidation of the concentrate according to the current processing circuit allows depositing an average of 75.0–80.0 % Au on the coal. At the same time, the residual gold content in the sorption leaching tailings is significant and amounts to 3.6–7.5 g/t. The preliminary oxidation experiments for the concentrate slurry indicate the possibility of a more complete gold recovery with subsequent leaching, including sorption leaching. The residual gold content in the cakes was measured at 0.7–1.5 g/t, which ultimately yielded 95–96 % recovery at the leaching stage. The research was completed with the financial support of the Science Committee of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan under grant No. АР05130143.

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