scholarly journals Ecological Risk Assessment of Cadmium in Karst Lake Sediments Based on Daphnia pulex Ecotoxicology

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 650
Author(s):  
Faustino Dinis ◽  
Hongyan Liu ◽  
Qingdong Liu ◽  
Xuewen Wang ◽  
Meng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Daphnia Pulex ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation

The background value of cadmium (Cd) in soil and water sediments in the karst area is 0.31 mg kg−1, with a typical high background of cadmium geochemistry. It is well-known that Cd is classified as a highly toxic metal. Therefore, at the Yelang reservoir in Guizhou province, eco-toxicological tests were carried out using Daphnia pulex. The Geo-Accumulation Index and Potential Ecological Risk Index were used to assess the environmental risk of Cd in sediments. The Cd contents in the sediments of Yelang reservoir ranged from 2.51 to 5.23 mg kg−1, while the LC50 values of the acute toxicity test of Daphnia pulex and Cd at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h were 1.17, 0.50, 0.24, and 0.12 mg L−1, respectively, giving a Safe Concentration threshold of Cd of 1.20 × 10−3 mg L−1 in the water body. Based on curve fitting the solid–liquid two-phase distribution model of cadmium in Yelang reservoir was Y = 7.59 × 10−9 × X2.58 (R2 = 0.9995). The safety threshold sediment Cd concentration was 103 mg kg−1, and was much higher than the Cd content in the sediment of the Yelang reservoir. The Geo-Accumulation Index (Igeo 2.432–3.491) results show that the sediments had reached medium-strong or strong risk levels. The Potential Ecological Risk Index (Eri 242.8–505.9) reached a very high or extremely high-risk level. However, due to high concentrations of Ca2+ and Mg2+, and the pH being in the neutral–alkaline range of water body in karst areas, the Daphnia ecotoxicology evaluation method showed slight ecological risk, quite different from other assessment results, thus this method could be considered to use in such areas.

scholarly journals Assessment of metals contamination and ecological risk in ait Ammar abandoned iron mine soil, Morocco

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Nouri ◽  
Abd El Majid Haddioui
Keyword(s):  
Enrichment Factor ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Iron Mine ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation

Abstract The present study is an attempt to assess the pollution intensity and corresponding ecological risk of phosphorus and metals including Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, Pb and Fe using various indices like geo-accumulation index, enrichment factor, pollution and ecological risk index. In all, 20 surface soil samples were collected from the Ait Ammar iron mine of Oued Zem city, province of Khouribga, in central Morocco. The concentrations of heavy metals in soil samples were used to assess their potential ecological risks. According to the results of potential ecological risk index (RI), pollution index (PI), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), enrichment factor (EF), potential contamination index (Cp), contaminant factor (Cf) and degree of contamination (Cd), based on the averages, considerable pollution of metals in soils of study area was observed. The consequence of the correlation matrix and principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that Fe, Cu, Zn, Cr and P mainly originated from natural sources and Cd and Pb are mostly derived from anthropogenic sources. The results showed that these metals in soil were ranked by severity of ecological risk as Pb > Cd > Cu > Cr > Zn, based on their single-element indexes. In view of the potential ecological risk (RI), soils from all soil samples showed a potential ecological risk. These results will provide basic information for the improvement of soil environment management and heavy metal pollution prevention in Ait Ammar.

scholarly journals Assessment of pollution and sources of heavy metals in the sediments of the Shitalakhya river, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalimur Rahman ◽  
Saurav Barua ◽  
Fahim Ahammad ◽  
Md. Akramul Alam
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation

The Shitalakya River, located near Dhaka City of Bangladesh, supplies water to the city dwellers and hence it is essential to determine pollu-tion condition, ecological risk and sources of heavy metals in the river sediments. Sediment works as the sink and source of heavy metals in the riverine ecosystem. The samples collected from the ten sites of the Shitalakhya River were investigated in the study. Average concentra-tion of different heavy metals in the sediments are Cu>Zn>Ni>Pb>Cr>Cd. Geo-accumulation index reveals moderately pollute Cu concen-tration, unpolluted to moderately pollute Ni concentration and unpolluted for the rest of the heavy metals. The order of geo-accumulation index are Cu>Ni>Pb>Cd>Zn>Cr. Overall, the heavy metals render low potential ecological risk and the order of potential ecological risk index are Cd>Cu>Ni>Pb>Cr>Zn. Though the concentration of Cd is low in sediment, it poses higher ecological risk. Positive matrix factor-ization (PMF) identifies two sources of pollution, S1 and S2. Where, S1 consists with Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn; which come from industrial wastewater. S2 consists with Cr, Cd, Pb, Zn; which originate from natural sources. The outcomes of the study provide as a reference to plan, control and manage heavy metal pollution and protect the water source of the Shitalakhya River.    

scholarly journals Bioecological and statistical risk assessment of toxic metals in sediments of a worldwide important wetland: Gala Lake National Park (Turkey)

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cem Tokatli
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Risk ◽  
National Park ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Irrigation Canal ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Biological Risk

Abstract Gala Lake National Park that has an international importance is one of the most important wetland ecosystems for Turkey. As same as many aquatic habitats, Gala Lake is under a significant anthropogenic pressure originated from agricultural activities conducted around the lake and from industrial discharges by means of Ergene River. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sediment quality of Gala Lake and Irrigation Canal by investigating some toxic element accumulations (As, B, Ni, Cr, Pb, Cd, Zn and Cu) from a statistical perspective. Pearson Correlation Index (PCI) and Factor Analysis (FA) were applied to detected data in order to determine the associated contaminants and effective factors on the system. Potential Ecological Risk Index (RI) and Biological Risk Index based sediment quality guidelines (mERM-Q) applied to detected data in order to assess the ecological and biological risks of heavy metals in the ecosystem. Also Geographic Information System (GIS) technology was used to make visual explanations by presenting distribution maps of investigated elements. According to the results of PCI, significant positive correlations were recorded among the investigated toxic elements at 0.01 significance level. According to the results of FA, two factors, which were named as “Agricultural Factor” and “Industrial Factor”, explained 86.6% of the total variance. According to the results of Potential Ecological Risk Index, cadmium was found to be the highest risk factor and according to results of Biological Risk Index, nickel and chromium were found to be the highest risk factors for Gala Lake and Irrigation Canal. As a result of the present study, it was also determined that heavy metal contents in sediments of Gala Lake National Park reached to critical levels and the system is intensively under effect of agricultural and industrial originated pollution.

Distribution and Contamination Acessment of Heavy Metals in Sediments of Harbin Section of Songhua River, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 2280-2284
Author(s):  
Kai Yue Gong ◽  
Pei Shi Qi ◽  
Yun Zhi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Songhua River ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Accumulation Index

In this study, the distribution and enrichment characters of heavy metals were explored. And the potential ecological risk levels of heavy metals were evaluated by geo-accumulation index method and potential ecological risk index method. The concentrations of heavy metals in sediments of Harbin section of Songhua River are: Zn>Pb>Cr>Cu>Ni>Cd. The enrichment degree of Zn is the highest, while Cd is the lowest. The potential ecological risk indexes of heavy metals in the sediments of section of Songhua River in Harbin are: Cd>Pb>Cu>Zn>Ni>Cr. The main heavy metals pollution is Cd, which has low content but considerable potential ecological risk and contributes most to RI. The ecological risk level of heavy metals in the sediments of the section of Songhua River in Harbin is moderate.

scholarly journals Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements Pollution from Mineral Processing Steps at Xikuangshan Antimony Plant, Hunan, China

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Saijun Zhou ◽  
Renjian Deng ◽  
Andrew Hursthouse
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Dust Generation

We evaluated the direct release to the environment of a number of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) from various processing nodes at Xikuangshan Antimony Mine in Hunan Province, China. Sampling wastewater, processing dust, and solid waste and characterizing PTE content (major elements Sb, As, Zn, and associated Hg, Pb, and Cd) from processing activities, we extrapolated findings to assess wider environmental significance using the pollution index and the potential ecological risk index. The Sb, As, and Zn in wastewater from the antimony benefication industry and a wider group of PTEs in the fine ore bin were significantly higher than their reference values. The content of Sb, As, and Zn in tailings were relatively high, with the average value being 2674, 1040, and 590 mg·kg−1, respectively. The content of PTEs in the surface soils surrounding the tailings was similar to that in tailings, and much higher than the background values. The results of the pollution index evaluation of the degree of pollution by PTEs showed that while dominated by Sb, some variation in order of significance was seen namely for: (1) The ore processing wastewater Sb > Pb > As > Zn > Hg > Cd, (2) in dust Sb > As > Cd > Pb > Hg > Zn, and (3) surface soil (near tailings) Sb > Hg > Cd > As > Zn > Pb. From the assessment of the potential ecological risk index, the levels were most significant at the three dust generation nodes and in the soil surrounding the tailings reservoir.

Distribution and Potential Risk of Copper in Surface Sediments of Anping Harbor, Taiwan

2013 ◽  
Vol 376 ◽  
pp. 463-467
Author(s):  
Cheng Di Dong ◽  
Chih Feng Chen ◽  
Chiu Wen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Potential Risk ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation Index

This study was conducted using the data collected at the Anping Harbor, Taiwan to investigate and analyze Copper (Cu) contained in the sediments, and to evaluate the accumulation of Cr and the degree of its potential risk. The results show that samples collected at ten monitoring points contain 23380 mg/kg of Cu with an average of 114±101 mg/kg. The spatial distribution of Cu reveals that the Cu concentration is relatively high in the Bamboo River mouth region, and gradually diminishes toward the harbor region. This indicates that upstream industrial and municipal wastewater discharges along the river bank are major sources of pollution. Results from the enrichment factor and geo-accumulation index analyses imply that the Bamboo River mouth sediments can be characterized as severe enrichment and moderate to strong accumulation of Cu, respectively. However, results of potential ecological risk index indicate that the sediment has low ecological potential risk. The results can provide valuable information to developing future strategies for the management of river mouth and harbor.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Exploration on Pollution Characteristics and Ecological Risks of Heavy Metals in Surface Paddy Soils around a Large Copper Smelter, Southeast China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 13359
Author(s):  
Xiyang Wang ◽  
Liang Li ◽  
Naijia Guo ◽  
Zaijun Xin ◽  
Xiaohui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Paddy Soil ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Copper Smelter ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Small Contribution ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk Index

To assess heavy metal pollution and ecological risk, a total of 28 surface paddy soil samples were collected and analyzed around a famous copper smelter in Guixi, China. The results showed that all sites were heavily contaminated by both Cu and Cd, compared with soil background values, whose average concentrations exceeded the standard by 5.7 and 12.3 times, respectively, posing a slight ecological risk related to Cu (potential ecological risk index <40) and an extremely serious ecological risk related to Cd (potential ecological risk index >320). The risks were also demonstrated through the speciation analyses of Cu (CaCl2-Cu 2.63%, acid-soluble Cu 8.67%, and residual Cu 74.17%, on average) and Cd (CaCl2-Cd 47.30%, acid-soluble Cd 45.02%, and residual Cd 28.87%, on average) in the surface paddy soil, including the use of a CaCl2 extraction procedure and the BCR (Community Bureau of Reference) sequential extraction scheme. Several soil properties (residual carbon, cation exchange capacity, and soil texture) were significantly correlated with soil Cd but made a small contribution to their variability with a poor linear fit because of external Cd input to the soil, while soil total potassium largely influenced the soil Cu species except for residual Cu. Therefore, an effective Cu pollution regulation strategy through soil potassium control is suggested for this smelter soil.

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