scholarly journals Process Mineralogy Characteristics and Flotation Application of a Refractory Collophanite from Guizhou, China

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1249
Author(s):  
Wei Xu ◽  
Bo Shi ◽  
Yan Tian ◽  
Yue Chen ◽  
Songqing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Phosphorus Recovery ◽  
Al2o3 Content ◽  
Flotation Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Mineral Liberation ◽  
Wet Processing ◽  
Process Mineralogy

A refractory phosphate ore obtained from Guizhou, China, contains high amounts of detrimental metal impurities (e.g., Fe, Al, and Mg) which affect the deep wet processing of phosphorus products before use. In this study, mineralogy parameters of the ore such as mineral composition, disseminated particle size, mineral liberation degree, and intergrowth relationship were investigated using X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF), X-ray powder diffractometer (XRD), and advanced mineral identification and characterization system (AMICS). The mechanism for flotation separation was also discussed. The results showed that the ore was a fine-grained calcareous-siliceous collophanite with high P2O5 grade. The gangue minerals such as quartz, sericite (muscovite), pyrite, and dolomite were finely disseminated and encapsulated by fluoroapatite particles in a rather complex relationship. A double reverse flotation process was carried out based on the separation principle of less flotation and more inhibition. A phosphorous concentrate with a P2O5 grade of 35.53%, SiO2 content of 5.88%, MgO content of 0.91%, sesquioxide (Fe2O3+Al2O3) content of 1.98%, MER value of 8.13%, and phosphorus recovery of 75.04% was obtained. Based on the flotation test results and the analysis of process mineralogy parameters, we concluded that the main causes of difficulty in separation of collophanite are fine disseminated particle size, poor mineral liberation degree, and serious argillization. The selection of foam-controlled collectors, efficient dispersing inhibitors and classified desliming process will be necessary for improving flotation index. These results provide a technical reference for subsequent development and utilization of collophanite resources.

scholarly journals Flotation and Tailing Discarding of Copper Cobalt Sulfide Ores Based on the Process Mineralogy Characteristics

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1078
Author(s):  
Wentao Hu ◽  
Kai Tian ◽  
Zhengyang Zhang ◽  
Jiuchuan Guo ◽  
Xinwei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Sulfide Mineral ◽  
Cobalt Sulfide ◽  
Sulfide Concentration ◽  
Total Recovery ◽  
Copper Sulfides ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Mineralogical Characteristics ◽  
Process Mineralogy ◽  
Mineralogical Characteristic

The mineral composition of copper–cobalt ores is more complex than that of copper sulfides, and it is also difficult to discard tailing efficiently in primary flotation for the fine-grained disseminated of ore. In this work, a mineral liberation analyzer (MLA) was employed to study the characteristics of minerals. As a significant mineralogical characteristic, the liberation degree of useful mineral aggregates was determined after grinding, and a correlation was established between the ore grinding size and mineralogical characteristics. The results showed that the adopted ore occurred in sulfide form. However, the particle size of the mineral’s monomer was fine grained, whereas its aggregate was coarse. The sulfide mineral aggregate obtained after primary grinding was selected as the recovery object, and its mineralogical characteristics, such as liberation degree and particle size, were investigated to promote total recovery in primary flotation. The copper–cobalt sulfide concentration was obtained at the following optimal conditions: the grinding size of −0.074 mm (65%), the aggregate’s liberation degree of 67%, a collector dosage of 50 g·t−1, a collector combination of 35% aerofloat + 65% butyl xanthate, a pH of 8.5, and 2# oil (a terpineol type foaming agent) dosage of 60 g·t−1. The recovered rough Cu and Co concentrates were 89.45% and 88.03%, respectively. Moreover, the grades of Cu and Co were 13.4% and 4.81%, respectively, with 85.07% of the ore weight discarded as tailing. The consideration of sulfide aggregates instead of singeral minerals mineralogy characters in primary grinding and primary flotation provides an effective theoretical guide for the sorting of sulfide minerals and reduction in the power consumption of grinding.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Sesquioxide in a Mid-Low Grade Collophane-Sedimentary Apatite Ore from Guizhou, China

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1038
Author(s):  
Jie Deng ◽  
Kecheng Zhang ◽  
Dongsheng He ◽  
Hengqin Zhao ◽  
Rachid Hakkou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Carbonate Apatite ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Mineral Liberation ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Scanning Electron

Checking the presence of sesquioxide (Fe2O3, Al2O3) is helpful for its removal in advance. Therefore, the occurrence of sesquioxide in a mid-low grade calcareous-siliceous collophane ore (massive carbonate-apatite, also known as francolite) from Guizhou, China was determined by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (FESEM-EDX) and Mineral Liberation Analyzer (MLA). The results show that iron mainly occurs as pyrite FeS2, goethite FeO(OH) and as substitution within dolomite Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2, while aluminum is enriched in muscovite KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 and also found in apatite (F,CO3)CaPO4 and calcite CaCO3 due to isomorphism or adsorption. All these minerals are fine-grained, among which pyrite and goethite tend to be enriched in larger particles. Intergrowth is predominant in the six minerals’ locking. Pyrite is mainly intergrown with calcite, biotite and also included in apatite and muscovite, while the monomer pyrite appears as semi-automorphic fine grain with the liberation of 56.1%. Apatite particles are mainly intergrown with quartz and calcite. Most of goethite, dolomite, muscovite and calcite form intergrowth with apatite, with contents of 21.7%, 11.1%, 19.5% and 41%, respectively. The removal of pyrite, goethite, dolomite, muscovite and calcite in the ore is the key to reduce the contents of Fe2O3 and Al2O3. In the subsequent beneficiation, the ore must be fully ground. In addition to flotation, magnetic separation can also be considered to remove part of iron in ore. For the removal of aluminum from apatite, leaching method can be considered.

scholarly journals Investigation of Particle Size Distribution for Fine-Grained Soil Using a Grain Size Analysis Equipment Automated by X-ray Method

2000 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-133
Author(s):  
Yukio Furukawa ◽  
Tatsushi Fujita ◽  
Tadayuki Kunihiro ◽  
Hisashi Tsuchiya ◽  
Yukio Saito
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Ray Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Fine Grained Soil

Process Mineralogy of Jinshan Gold Ore Based on Mineral Liberation Analysis System

2014 ◽  
Vol 1010-1012 ◽  
pp. 1613-1617
Author(s):  
Liu Lu Cai ◽  
Shuang Liu ◽  
Wen Juan Li ◽  
Cheng Ying Zhou ◽  
Wei Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Native Gold ◽  
Combined Process ◽  
Gold Ore ◽  
Mineral Liberation ◽  
Process Mineralogy ◽  
Liberation Analysis ◽  
Mineralogy Characteristic ◽  
Analysis System

Traditional measurement and modern SEM-based mineral liberation analysis (MLA) system were employed to obtain the process mineralogy characteristic of Jinshan gold ore which had high Au (6.20g/t) and low sulfide (0.25%). XBSE, XBSE_STD and SPL_Lt MLA modes are used in this case, which make the results timely, reliable and quantitative. The gold behaves irregular granular native gold or silver-bearing native gold of which the Au content ranging from 93%to 100%. Gold mainly occurred as liberated or in gold-carrying gangue minerals, such as quartz and biotite,rarely in pyrite in the form of fissure gold, inter-crystalline gold or inclusion gold . The particle size of the Gold minerals range from 0.001mm to 0.010mm , which is too fine to recover from beneficiating method. Combined process should be adopted.

Process Mineralogy Study on a Sandstone Copper Ore

2014 ◽  
Vol 881-883 ◽  
pp. 1603-1606
Author(s):  
Yan Xiong Fu ◽  
Bao Liang Ge ◽  
Qing Li ◽  
Jing Lu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Oxidation Rate ◽  
Gangue Mineral ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Complex Composition ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
Copper Mineral ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Process Mineralogy ◽  
Object Of Study

In this thesis the object of study is a low grade sandstone copper with complex composition. Through the process mineralogy research on a sandstone copper ore,the result showed that the primary sulfide copper minerals are tetrahedrite and chalcopyrite; secondary sulfide copper minerals are bornite, chalcocite and azurite; the main oxide copper mineral is malachite; the main gangue mineral is quartz. The grade of copper is 0.77% and the oxidation rate is 45.45% in the run of mine, it is an oxide copper ore with not thoroughly oxidation. There is a part of disseminated particle size of copper minerals is relatively fine. Mainly sulfide copper minerals are paragenesis with dolomite and pyrite; oxide copper minerals are often blended with limonite. So the key of obtaining the good flotation index is selecting reasonably grinding fineness and making the part of fine-grained disseminated copper full liberation.

scholarly journals Selective flotation of phosphorus-bearing ores

2020 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 02021
Author(s):  
Abdalla Elbendari ◽  
Aleksandr Aleksandrov ◽  
Nadezhda Nikolaeva ◽  
Anastasiya Afanasova
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Chemical Examination ◽  
Flotation Process ◽  
Selective Flotation ◽  
Maximum Percentage ◽  
Mineral Liberation

This paper presents the results of the beneficiation of a phosphorus-bearing mineral through selective flotation process. The chemical examination showed that the sample contain a low content of P2O5 12.5 % and significant amounts of rare earth elements (REE), %: yttrium - 0.01, lanthanum - 0.06, cerium - 0.09, neodymium - 0.03. The particle size distribution of the sample was performed, and each separated fraction was chemically analyzed. A detailed examination of the mineralog ical characteristics was conducted using automated mineral liberation analyzer (MLA). It has been shown that the apatite particles are mostly liberated in all fraction sizes. The maximum percentage of apatite polymineral aggregate was recorded in the grain size of -0.5 + 0.2 mm, mainly with nepheline and pyroxenes. The maximum percentage of apatite binary aggregate was noted in the grain size of -0.16 + 0.071 and -0.071 + 0.045 mm. Based on the obtained results, the size of the flotation feed was predetermined, which allowing the complete liberation of phosphorusbearing mineral (apatite) and avoiding over-grinding of the ore.

The effect of Tin additionon on Structural and magnetic properties of the stannoferrite Li0.5+0.5XFe2.5-1.5XSnXO4

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 4307-4321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Hassan Ibrahim ◽  
Yehia Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Magnetic Moments ◽  
Lithium Ferrite ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
Weiss Temperature ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Nanocrystalline Ferrite ◽  
20 Nm

The physical properties of ferrites are verysensitive to microstructure, which in turn critically dependson the manufacturing process.Nanocrystalline Lithium Stannoferrite system Li0.5+0.5XFe2.5-1.5XSnXO4,X= (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0) fine particles were successfully prepared by double sintering ceramic technique at pre-sintering temperature of 500oC for 3 h andthepre-sintered material was crushed and sintered finally in air at 1000oC.The structural and microstructural evolutions of the nanophase have been studied using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and the Rietveld method.The refinement results showed that the nanocrystalline ferrite has a two phases of ordered and disordered phases for polymorphous lithium Stannoferrite.The particle size of as obtained samples were found to be ~20 nm through TEM that increases up to ~ 85 nmand isdependent on the annealing temperature. TEM micrograph reveals that the grains of sample are spherical in shape. (TEM) analysis confirmed the X-ray results.The particle size of stannic substituted lithium ferrite fine particle obtained from the XRD using Scherrer equation.Magneticmeasurements obtained from lake shore’s vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), saturation magnetization ofordered LiFe5O8 was found to be (57.829 emu/g) which was lower than disordered LiFe5O8(62.848 emu/g).Theinterplay between superexchange interactions of Fe3+ ions at A and B sublattices gives rise to ferrimagnetic ordering of magnetic moments,with a high Curie-Weiss temperature (TCW ~ 900 K).

Processing of granite quarry solid waste into industrial high silica materials using leaching process with HCl concentration variation

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Yusup Hendronursito ◽  
Muhammad Amin ◽  
Slamet Sumardi ◽  
Roniyus Marjunus ◽  
Frista Clarasati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Silica Content ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Concentration Variation ◽  
Leaching Process ◽  
Hcl Concentration ◽  
Granite Powder

This study was aimed to increase granite's silica content using the leaching process with HCl concentration variation. The granite used in this study came from Lematang, South Lampung. This study aims to determine the effect of variations in HCl concentration, particle size, and rotational speed on the crystalline phase and chemical elements formed in the silica product produced from granite. The HCl concentration variations were 6.0 M, 7.2 M, 8.4 M, and 9.6 M, the variation in particle size used was 270 and 400 mesh. Variations in rotational speed during leaching were 500 and 750 rpm. Granite powder was calcined at 1000 ºC for 2 hours. Characterization was performed using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP- OES). The results showed that the silica content increased with increasing HCl concentration, the finer the particle size, and the higher the rotational speed. XRF analysis showed that the silica with the highest purity was leached with 9.6 HCl with a particle size of 400 mesh and a rotational speed of of 750 rpm, which was 73.49%. Based on the results above, by leaching using HCl, the Si content can increase from before. The XRD diffractogram showed that the granite powder formed the Quartz phase.

scholarly journals Modification of Wood with Monoethanolamino-borate by The Data of X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

2018 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 04005
Author(s):  
Irina Stepina ◽  
Irina Kotlyarova
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Model Compound ◽  
Hydrolytic Stability ◽  
Photoelectron Spectra ◽  
Wood Cellulose ◽  
Rapid Loss ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wood Protection ◽  
Cellulose Materials

The difficulty of wood protection from biocorrosion and fire is due to the fact that modifiers in use are washed out from the surface of the substrate under the influence of environmental factors. This results in a rapid loss of the protective effect and other practically important wood characteristics caused by the modification. To solve this problem is the aim of our work. Here, monoethanolaminoborate is used as a modifier, where electron-donating nitrogen atom provides a coordination number equal to four to a boron atom, which determines the hydrolytic stability of the compounds formed. Alpha-cellulose ground mechanically to a particle size of 1 mm at most was used as a model compound for the modification. X-ray photoelectron spectra were recorded on the XSAM-800 spectrometer (Kratos, UK). Prolonged extraction of the modified samples preceded the registration of the photoelectron spectra to exclude the fixation of the modifier molecules unreacted with cellulose. As a result of the experiment, boron and nitrogen atoms were found in the modified substrate, which indicated the hydrolytic stability of the bonds formed between the modifier molecules and the substrate. Therefore monoethanolaminoborate can be considered as a non-extractable modifier for wood-cellulose materials.

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