Influence of Indole-3-Acetic Acid and Gibberellic Acid on Phenylpropanoid Accumulation in Common Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) Sprouts

The biased ratio (1 : 2.7–1 : 19) of long-styled Pin and short-styled Thrum flowers (anisoplethy) in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) with low seed set (9.8–33.1%) is documented for the first time in two cultivars (Kora, Panda) and two strains (PA13, PA14). To establish the reasons for low grain yield we studied pollen, embryo sacs, embryos, counted stigmas with compatible pollen and with compatible pollen tubes, and recorded seed set under semi-controlled conditions with open access of pollinators. We also sought to improve seed yield via exogenous application of eight biostimulants at the beginning of flowering. Pin pollen supply to Thrum stigmas was low, due to the imbalance of flower morphs. This did not affect seed set or male success in either flower morph. The pollen of Pin or Thrum was highly viable (97.9–99.9%) in all studied cultivars and strains, germinating well on compatible stigmas. The female success of both flower types was much lower; 49–59% of the ovules exhibited signs of degeneration (whole flower buds, ovules only) or abortion (mature embryo sacs, proembryos, embryos); the highest share of mature embryo sac abortions resulted from degeneration of synergids or the whole egg apparatus. Three biostimulants (Gibberellic acid, putrescine, Asahi SL) in PA13 and six (1-Naphthaleneacetic acid, Gibberellic acid, TYTANIT, putrescine, 6-Benzylaminopurine, Asahi SL) in PA14 decreased embryo abortions (4–12 fold) and increased seed set (0.4–2.4 times), but seed set was still low and never exceeded 33% (the highest value of the untreated with biostimulants plants). Biostimulant treatments were most effective on PA14 strain increasing seed set in 7 out of 8 treatments. These were Gibberellic acid, putrescine and Asahi SL improving seed set of two among four analysed genotypes.

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The content of fagopyrin and polyphenols in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) sprouts depends on growing conditions and the phase of development

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/s-0031-1282662 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 77 (12) ◽

Author(s):

D Janeš ◽

S Kreft ◽

I Kreft

Keyword(s):

Fagopyrum Esculentum ◽

Common Buckwheat ◽

Growing Conditions ◽

Fagopyrum Esculentum Moench

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Concentrations of Phenolic Acids Are Differently Genetically Determined in Leaves, Flowers, and Grain of Common Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench)

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10061142 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 1142

Author(s):

Alena Vollmannová ◽

Janette Musilová ◽

Judita Lidiková ◽

Július Árvay ◽

Marek Šnirc ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chlorogenic Acid ◽

Caffeic Acid ◽

Phenolic Acids ◽

Sinapic Acid ◽

Fagopyrum Esculentum ◽

Blood Cholesterol ◽

Common Buckwheat ◽

High Concentration ◽

Phenolic Substances ◽

Fagopyrum Esculentum Moench

Common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) is a valuable source of proteins, B vitamins, manganese, tryptophan, phytochemicals with an antioxidant effect, and the natural flavonoid rutin. Due to its composition, buckwheat supports the human immune system, regulates blood cholesterol, and is suitable for patients with diabetes or celiac disease. The study aimed to compare the allocation of selected phenolic acids (neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, trans-caffeic acid, trans-p-coumaric acid, trans-sinapic acid, trans-ferulic acid) and flavonoids (rutin, vitexin, quercetin, kaempferol) in the leaves, flowers, and grain of buckwheat cultivars of different origin. The content of individual phenolics was determined by the HPLC-DAD method. The results confirmed the determining role of cultivar on the relative content of chlorogenic acid, trans-caffeic acid, trans-sinapic acid, vitexin, and kaempferol in buckwheat plants. A significantly negative correlation among concentrations of phenolic acids in different common buckwheat plant parts shows that there are different mechanisms of genetic influences on the concentration of phenolic substances in common buckwheat flowers, leaves, and grain. These differences should be taken into account when breeding buckwheat for a high concentration of selected phenolic substances.

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