Flowers of Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus as a Novel High Potential By-Product: Phytochemical Characterization and Antioxidant Activity

The root of Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus is one of the most popular herbal medicines worldwide. In order to increase the yield of underground roots of A. membranaceus var. mongholicus, its flowers (AMF) have often been removed in their flowering stage, which produces the flowers as waste being discarded. To explore its phytochemicals and potential value for utilization, the antioxidant activities of extracts from AMF were evaluated by a free radical scavenging assay and reducing power assay. The total phenols and flavonoids, as well as the individual compounds, in different extracts of AMF were also investigated. The results showed that the extract ME obtained from AMF through macroporous resins separation exhibited strong antioxidant activities, which were close to those of positive control BHT. ME was rich in phenolic acids and flavonoids, and the contents reached 108.42 mg gallic acid equivalents/g and 265.70 mg rutin equivalents/g, respectively. A total of 31 compounds, including four phenolic acids, nineteen flavonoids, three isoflavones, two pterocarpans, and three saponins, were identified using UPLC-QTOF-MS in ME. Quantitative analysis of sixteen components in the extracts of AMF showed that flavonoids were the predominant constituents, especially for the compounds of hyperoside, rutin, and isorhamnetin-3-O-β-d-glucoside.

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ASSESSMENT OF PHYTOCHEMICALS, TOTAL PHENOL, FLAVONOID CONTENT AND IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTY OF LARGE CARDAMOM EXTRACTS

INDIAN DRUGS ◽

10.53879/id.58.10.12627 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 58 (10) ◽

pp. 34-41

Author(s):

Kanthlal S. K. ◽

Jipnomon Joseph ◽

Bindhu P. Paul ◽

Vijayakumar M ◽

Rema Shree A. B. ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Antioxidant Property ◽

Bioactive Constituents ◽

Preliminary Assessment ◽

Reducing Power Assay ◽

Large Cardamom

Amomum subulatum, commonly known as large or black cardamom, is a commonly used spice in Indian kitchens and is traditionally used to treat various ailments. To add more knowledge about the medicinal values of the fruit, this study was conducted to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activities of aqueous, methanol, ethanol, hydro alcohol, ethyl acetate, acetone and chloroform extracts of the fruit. Preliminary assessment was done to detect the presence of phytoconstituents using identification tests. The antioxidant activity was measured by employing methods such as diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, total antioxidant activity equivalent to ascorbic acid, reducing power assay and superoxide anion scavenging assay. The antioxidant activities were compared with their respective phenol and flavonoid contents. Preliminary assessment revealed that large cardamom fruit is a good source of all the bioactive constituents as well as phenol and flavonoid essential for medicinal values. The extract obtained by polar solvents showed the highest antioxidant efficacy in relation to its phenol content. Also, all the solvent-soluble fractions showed a concentration-dependent antioxidant effect. Results from our study prove that large cardamom can alleviate oxidative stress, suggesting the potential of large cardamom as a functional food

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Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oil and Extracts of Saurauia lantsangensis Hu Root

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-2012-5-607 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 67 (5-6) ◽

pp. 282-290

Author(s):

Liang Zhu ◽

Si-ming Zhu ◽

Ying-juan Tian

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Antimicrobial Effect ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Hansenula Anomala ◽

Zones Of Inhibition ◽

Reducing Power Assay ◽

Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities

Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the essential oil and n-hexane (HEE), chloroform (CHE), ethyl acetate (EAE), and methanol (MEE) extracts, respectively, from the root of Saurauia lantsangensis Hu were investigated. The GC-MS analysis revealed 39 compounds representing 96.41% of the oil containing T-muurolol (13.85%), acetophenone (7.46%), α-cadinol (6.26%), methyl palmitate (5.36%), n-hexadecanoic acid (4.31%), torreyol (3.69%), and isospathulenol (3.48%) as major components. Antioxidant activities determined by three various testing systems, i. e. DPPH radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, and reducing power assay, increased in the order: HEE < CHE < oil < MEE < EAE. CHE, EAE, MEE and oil exhibited a promising antimicrobial effect determined as the diameter of zones of inhibition (13.3 - 16.2, 16.5 - 20.4, 13.5 - 16.6, and 16.5 - 22.7 mm), respectively, along with their respective MIC values (500 - 1000, 125 - 500, 250 - 500, and 250 - 500 μg/ml) against Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli), Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus), and a yeast (Hansenula anomala).

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Analgesic and Antioxidant Activities of 4-Phenyl-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one and Its Long Carbon Chains Derivatives

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2019/9043570 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Terence Nguema Ongone ◽

Redouane Achour ◽

Mostafa El Ghoul ◽

Latyfa El Ouasif ◽

Meryem El Jemli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Acetic Acid ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Carbon Chain ◽

Immersion Test ◽

Tail Immersion ◽

Reducing Power Assay

The aim of this work is to deepen the pharmacological effect of 4-phenyl-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one derivatives which have a similar structure to nonionic surfactants: 4-phenyl-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one is the hydrophilic head, and the carbon chain is hydrophobic tail. The antinociceptive activity of 4-phenyl-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one derivatives was determined using acetic acid-induced writhing and tail immersion tests. In addition, the in vitro antioxidant activities of the tested derivatives were determined by using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method and ferric reducing power assay. A single oral administration of these compounds at the doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg significantly reduced the number of abdominal writhes induced by acetic acid injection. Acute pretreatment with 4-phenyl-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one derivatives at the dose of 100 mg/kg caused a significant increase in the tail withdrawal latency in the tail immersion test. Additionally, a significant scavenging activity in DPPH and reducing power was observed in testing antioxidant assays. Finally, we carried out a study of the antioxidant activity of these derivatives. The results of this study reveal that these compounds have a low antioxidant activity compared to the BHT. It decreases with the polarity of the molecule. The present study suggests that 4-phenyl-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one derivatives possess potent antinociceptive and antioxidant effects, which suggest that the tested compounds may be useful in the treatment of pain and oxidation disorders.

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Platinum and vanadate Bioactive Complexes of Glycoside Naringin and Phenolates

Open Chemistry ◽

10.1515/chem-2017-0022 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 189-199 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ahmed E. Fazary ◽

Yi-Hsu Ju ◽

Ayed S. Al-Shihri ◽

Mutasem Z. Bani-Fwaz ◽

Mohammad Y. Alfaifi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Acids ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Platinum Metal ◽

Breast Adenocarcinoma ◽

Vanadium Complexes ◽

Cytotoxic Activities ◽

Binary And Ternary Complexes ◽

Line Drawings ◽

Free Radical Scavenging Assay

AbstractPlatinum(II) and vanadium(V) solid binary and ternary complexes involving naringin, a flavanone glycoside in found in grapefruit, and some phenolic acids were synthesized and fully characterized using detailed structural and spectroscopic analysis techniques such as IR, NMR, and SEM techniques. The magnetic susceptibility results as well line drawings of the platinum and vanadium complexes showed four-coordinate square-planar and remarkable low-spin diamagnetic species; which is in agreement with the structures proposed. The cytotoxic activities of the binary and ternary vanadium and platinum metal complexes of phenolic acids and naringin were tested and evaluated against HepG2 (human hepatocellular carcinoma), MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma), and HCT116 (human colorectal carcinoma) tumor cell lines. Also, their antioxidant activities were examined by free radical scavenging assay. The relationship between the chemical structure of the synthesized complexes and their biological influence was studied and evaluated.

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COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ANTIDIABETIC AND ANTIOXIDANT POTENCY OF DIFFERENT EXTRACTS OBTAINED FROM MEMECYLON SPECIES

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i2.15695 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 187

Author(s):

Tumkur Ramasetty Bharathi ◽

Harishchandra Sripathy Prakash

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Methanol Extracts ◽

Soxhlet Apparatus ◽

Antioxidant Potency ◽

Reducing Power Assay ◽

Different Doses

Objective: Memecylon species is being extensively used in traditional medicine for the treatment of skin disorders and it is proved to possess antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties. The present investigation was to study the effect of different solvent extracts of five Memecylon species such as M. umbellatum, M. talbotianum, M. edule, M. malabaricum and M. wightii on antidiabetic and antioxidant effects.Methods: Plant extracts were prepared using soxhlet apparatus using different solvents such as hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and water and obtained extracts were subjected to antidiabetic (α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition assays) and antioxidant (2, 2-Diphenyl-2-Picryl Hydrazyl hydrate (DPPH), 2,2-Azino-bis (3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-Sulfonic acid)diammonium salt (ABTS), Superoxide radical scavenging assay (SRSA) and reducing power assays) evaluated at different doses.Results: Methanol extracts of all five Memecylon species exhibited effective antidiabetic and antioxidant properties among them methanol extracts of M. malabaricum and M. talbotianum have highest biological activity. For α-amylase IC50 value for both M. malabaricum and M. talbotianum was found to be 100 and 130 µg/reaction and IC50 value for α-glucosidase was found to be 6.1 and 7.8 µg/reaction respectively. For DPPH the IC50value was found to be 190 µg/reaction, for ABTS 31-39 µg/reaction, for SRSA 950-1200 µg/reaction and for reducing power assay 420-490 µg/reaction respectively.Conclusion: The results indicate that methanol extracts of M. malabaricum and M. talbotianum possess potent in vitro antidiabetic and antioxidant activities compared to other Memecylon species.

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Characterization of Phycocyanin Pigment from Marine Filamentous Cyanobacteria Geitlerinema sp.

Proceedings International ◽

10.33263/proceedings21.074074 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 74

Keyword(s):

Biological Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Antioxidant Property ◽

Natural Environments ◽

Blue Green Algae ◽

Marine Algal ◽

Reducing Power Assay ◽

Free Radical Scavenging Assay

Algae is a simple and vast group of photosynthetic organisms. Algae grow in most of the natural environments, including water, rocks, and soil, but interestingly also grow on and in other organisms. Their main habitats are freshwater, brackish and marine ecosystems, Also volcanic waters and salt waters. Among them, marine algae are recognized as a rich source of beneficial bioactive compounds. Marine algal originated compounds have been reported to exhibit various biological activities such as anticoagulant, anti-viral, antioxidant, anti-allergic, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, etc. Phycocyanin is a blue-colored naturally existing phycobiliprotein pigment, which is abundant in cyanobacteria, blue-green algae. In this study, phycocyanin was extracted from the Geitlerinema sp. UV-Vis spectroscopic analysis and HPLC analysis confirmed the presence of phycocyanin. The extracted pigment was assessed for their antioxidant property by various methods such as Phosphomolybdenum assay, Ferric ions reducing power assay, DPPH radical scavenging activity, Hydrogen peroxide free radical scavenging assay, Anti-lipid peroxidation activity. The study reveals that the phycocyanin pigments possess the antioxidant property, and it can be used as a promising pharmaceutical and nutraceutical compound.

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The effect of freezing and drying Cornus mas L. from phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and total content of ascorbic acid and antioxidant activity in two methods

Biologija ◽

10.6001/biologija.v65i3.4087 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 65 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Marzieh Piryaei ◽

Marzieh Babashpour Asl ◽

Mir Mahdi Abolghasemi

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Ultrasonic Method ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Total Content ◽

Cornus Mas ◽

Reducing Power Assay ◽

Better Than

Flavonoids, anthocyanins, antioxidant capability, total content of phenolic and ascorbic acid of Cornus mas of frozen and dried for polar and non-polar subfraction were evaluated in this work. Antioxidant activities of the samples were determined by three testing systems, namely, DPPH, β-carotene/linoleic acid, and reducing power assay. In the DPPH system, the highest radical scavenging activity was seen in the polar subfraction of the methanol extract in frozen fruits (IC50 = 25.15 ± 6.5 µg mL–1). Comparison of two methods of extraction, maceration and the ultrasonic method, showed that the results of maceration are better than those of the ultrasonic method. These advantages are visible in extracting the flavonoids, anthocyanins, antioxidant capability, and the total content of phenolic and ascorbic acid.

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Preparation of Guiqi Polysaccharide and Antioxidant Activity In Vitro

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.834-836.539 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 834-836 ◽

pp. 539-542 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xiu Ying Pu ◽

Heng Rui Wang ◽

Wen Bo Fan ◽

Shuang Yu

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Free Radical ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Colorimetric Method ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Astragalus Membranaceus ◽

Health Food ◽

Total Carbohydrate ◽

Free Radical Scavenging Assay

Polysaccharide extracts (ASP, AMP and GQP) were obtained by water extraction and ethyl alcohol deposition method from Angelica sinensis, Astragalus membranaceus and the mixture of Angelicasinensis and Astragalus membranaceus. And the total carbohydrate content of AMP, ASP and GQP was respectively determined to be 63.1%, 48.7% and 76.7% by phenol-sulfuric acid colorimetric method using glucose as the standard. The in vitro antioxidant activities of 3 polysaccharides were evaluated by free radical, superoxide radicals and DPPH free radical scavenging assay, respectively. Among 3 polysaccharides, GQP showed the highest antioxidant activity in vitro at 100-300 μg/mL. These results indicated that the GQP might be useful for developing natural safe antiaging drugs or health food.

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Comparison of phenolic content and antioxidant activity of two common fruits of Bangladesh in solvents of varying polarities

Food Research ◽

10.26656/fr.2017.5(6).253 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 187-196

Author(s):

R. Ghosh ◽

P. Barua ◽

O. Sikder ◽

S. Saha ◽

S. Mojumder ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

In Vitro Models ◽

Frap Assay ◽

Reducing Power Assay ◽

Dpph Scavenging

Phenolic content and antioxidant activity of two common fruits of Bangladesh, namely Phyllunthus emblica and Elaeocarpus floribundus, were measured in water, methanol, ethanol, acetone and hexane extracts. Several in vitro models including phosphomolybdenum assay, DPPH free radical scavenging assay, FRAP assay and reducing power assay were used to assess the antioxidant activity of these extracts in comparison with reference antioxidants. Between the two fruits, P. emblica showed higher phenolic content and antioxidant activity in all the solvents used. In the DPPH scavenging assay, the activity of P. emblica extracts was close to reference antioxidants, ascorbic acid and BHT. Besides, considering the solvents used, extracts of both fruits had the highest phenolic and antioxidant activity in polar solvents. The correlation coefficient between total phenolics and antioxidant activities was found statistically significant. These findings suggest that P. emblica could be an excellent antioxidant resource for industries like food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics.

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(467) Anthocyanins as Primary Antioxidants in Black Raspberries

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.40.4.1091a ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 1091A-1091

Author(s):

Artemio Z. Tulio ◽

Mustafa Ozgen ◽

R. Neil Reese ◽

Steven J. Schwartz ◽

Qingguo Tian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Black Raspberry ◽

Total Anthocyanin ◽

Black Raspberries ◽

Commercial Farms ◽

Highly Correlated ◽

Reducing Power Assay

Anthocyanins in black raspberry extracts may play a key role in the regulation of oncogene expression in cancer cell cultures. Variations in anthocyanin levels of `Jewel', `Mac Black', and `Bristol' black raspberries grown at seven commercial farms in Ohio were investigated using HPLC and uv-vis spectrometry. Cyanidin-3-rutinoside (cy-3-rut) and cyanidin-3-(2G-xylorutinoside) (cy-3-2-xyl), the two major compounds present in all cultivars (≈2:1), were highly correlated with total anthocyanin contents. Sample variation in total anthocyanin, cy-3-rut, and cy-3-2-xyl levels was greater among commercial farms than among cultivars grown at the same location. The antioxidant activities of cy-3-rut, cyanidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside (cy-3,5-diglc), and pelargonidin-3-glucoside from purified extracts were determined using the free radical scavenging assays DPPH and ABTS, and the ferric reducing power assay FRAP. All pure anthocyanins showed strong antioxidant potentials except for cy-3,5-diglc. Cy-3-rut was identified and quantified as the dominant anthocyanin in black raspberries and was also the most potent antioxidant. Results suggest that anthocyanins, cy-3-rut in particular, may function as the primary antioxidants in black raspberries. Genetic and environmental variation in the anthocyanin contents necessitate characterization of the antioxidant and anthocyanin levels in fruits from any given source prior to measuring biological and medicinal activities.

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