Proteomics Profiling of the Urine of Patients with Hyperthyroidism after Anti-Thyroid Treatment

Hyperthyroidism, which is characterized by increased circulating thyroid hormone levels, alters the body’s metabolic and systemic hemodynamic balance and directly influences renal function. In this study, the urinary proteome of patients with hyperthyroidism was characterized using an untargeted proteomic approach with network analysis. Urine samples were collected from nine age-matched patients before and after carbimazole treatment. Differences in the abundance of urinary proteins between hyperthyroid and euthyroid states were determined using a 2D-DIGE coupled to MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Alterations in the abundance of urinary proteins, analyzed via Progenesis software, revealed a statistically significant difference in abundance in a total of 40 spots corresponding to 32 proteins, 25 up and 7 down (≥1.5-fold change, ANOVA, p ≤ 0.05). The proteins identified in the study are known to regulate processes associated with cellular metabolism, transport, and acute phase response. The notable upregulated urinary proteins were serotransferrin, transthyretin, serum albumin, ceruloplasmin, alpha-1B-glycoprotein, syntenin-1, and glutaminyl peptide cyclotransferase, whereas the three notable downregulated proteins were plasma kallikrein, protein glutamine gamma-glutamyl transferase, and serpin B3 (SERPINB3). Bioinformatic analysis using ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) identified the dysregulation of pathways associated with cellular compromise, inflammatory response, cellular assembly, and organization and identified the involvement of the APP and AKT signaling pathways via their interactions with interleukins as the central nodes.

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Urine Proteomic Analysis of Differences Between Patients With Hyperthyroidism Before and After Carbimazole Treatment

Journal of the Endocrine Society ◽

10.1210/jendso/bvab048.2006 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. A981-A981

Author(s):

Afshan Masood

Keyword(s):

Acute Phase ◽

Acute Phase Response ◽

Bioinformatic Analysis ◽

Phase Response ◽

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽

Proteomic Profiling ◽

Urinary Proteins ◽

Proteomic Approach ◽

Before And After ◽

Glutamyl Transferase

Abstract Background: Hyperthyroidism, characterised by increased circulating thyroid hormone (TH) levels, alters the body’s metabolic and systemic haemodynamic balance and directly influences renal function However, the underlying mechanisms and metabolic implications of these changes are not well understood. Objective: In the present study we aimed to study the changes occurring in the urinary proteome of patients with hyperthyroidism before and after treatment. The levels of the excreted proteins in the urine were studied using an untargeted 2D DIGE MALDI TOF proteomic approach with network analysis. Methods: The study included 9 age matched patients with mean age 38.6 ± 12.1 years with newly diagnosed hyperthyroidism. The patients were evaluated at baseline and after receiving treatment with carbimazole. Urine samples were obtained from the same patient at baseline (hyperthyroid state) with serum FT4 levels of 35.4 + 9.9 pmol/L and TSH 0.014 + 0.014 mIU/L (mean + SD), and post treatment with anti-thyroid drugs (euthyroid state) with levels of FT4 17.0 + 2.8 pmol/L and TSH 0.6 + 0.5 mIU/L (mean + SD). Results: Alterations in the abundance of urinary proteins, analyzed by Progenesis software, revealed statistically significant differential abundance in a total of 40 spots corresponding to 33 proteins, 26 up and 7 down (≥1.5-fold change, ANOVA, p ≤ 0.05). The proteins identified in the study are known to regulate processes related to cellular metabolism, transport, acute phase response. The urinary proteins upregulated with hyperthyroidism included serotransferrin, transthyretin, serum albumin, ceruloplasmin, α1B glycoprotein, syntenin-1, nesprin, and glutamilnyl peptide cyclotransferase while the 3 notable down regulated proteins were plasma kallikrein, protein glutamine gamma-glutamyl transferase and serpin B3. Bioinformatic analysis using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) identified dysregulation of pathways related to cellular compromise, inflammatory response, cellular assembly and organization and identified the involvement of the APP and AKT signaling pathways via their interactions with interleukins as the central nodes. Conclusion: The urine proteomic profiling between the hyperthyroid and euthyroid states demonstrates alteration in the protein levels involved in acute phase response and in maintaining an individual’s haemodynamic state.

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The Effect of One Session Acute Exercise on the Urinary Excretion of Urinary Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase, Protein and Creatinine Levels of Elite Football Players

Journal of Molecular Biology Research ◽

10.5539/jmbr.v10n1p46 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 46

Author(s):

Ramtin Azar ◽

Paria Majidi

Keyword(s):

Urinary Excretion ◽

Acute Exercise ◽

Football Players ◽

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽

Gamma Glutamyl ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Urinary Sample ◽

Glutamyl Transferase ◽

Two Stages

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of one session acute exercise on the urinary excretion of urinary Gamma-glutamyl transferase, protein and creatinine levels in elite football players. A total of 30 Premier League football players with a mean age (26.1±3.80), a mean height (180.01±7.39), a mean weight (78.6±9.26) and a mean body mass index (24.87±1.13) were voluntarily and purposefully selected as statistical samples. The urinary sample of the players was collected in two stages. In the first stage, the players' urinary samples were taken on the rest day when they had not exercised for 24 hours. In the second stage, it was taken immediately after exercise and transferred to the laboratory. To test the hypotheses, especially to compare urinary protein, creatinine, and gamma-glutamyl transferase levels before and after exercise, and to compare excretion levels of protein, creatinine, and gamma-glutamyl transferase between the positions, ANOVA test was used. There was a significant difference between the levels of gamma-glutamyl transferase, proteinuria and creatinine before and after exercise (P

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Study of High sensitive C - reactive protein and Gamma-glutamyl transferase in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Hypertension

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11i3.2494 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 3478-3483

Author(s):

Ramya S ◽

Sureka Varalakshmi V ◽

Uma Maheswari K ◽

Chandan Bala R

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group A ◽

Hs Crp ◽

Group B ◽

Glutamyl Transferase

C-reactive protein (CRP), produced by the hepatocytes is a primary inflammatory marker of T2DM. Higher levels of gamma-glutamyl transferase enzyme (GGT) and Hs CRP (High sensitive CRP)are associated with the complication of poor glycemic control.This study was aimed to find the association of Hs CRP and GGT for cardiovascular risk factors in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)and Hypertension in the suburbs of Chennai. This study includes 57 subjects with T2DM and Hypertension (Group A) and 62 subjects with T2DM (GroupB) within the age group of 40-60 years. FBS, HbA1C, Hs CRP, GGT and blood pressure were determined. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the SPSS 17 version. Mean values of FBS, blood HbA1C, Hs CRP and GGT were significantly higher among participants of Group A than Group B. Significant difference of FBS, HbA1C were found between the two groups. In contrast, no significant difference of GGT was found between the groups. Differences were considered statistically significant at two-sided P < 0.05. Within the group, Hs CRP shows the significance and positive correlation with FBS, SBP and DBP. Still, GGT does not show any significance in Group A. In contrast, in Group B, both Hs CRP and GGT shows the importance and positive correlation with FBS and HbA1C.It is concluded that high levels of HsCRP are associated with T2DM and Hypertension, indicating increased cardiovascular risk, and it should be included in regular monitoring of type-2 diabetic patients.

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Exploring the clinical value of preoperative serum gamma-glutamyl transferase levels in the management of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma receiving postoperative adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization

BMC Cancer ◽

10.1186/s12885-021-08843-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Qiao Ke ◽

Fu Xiang ◽

Chunhong Xiao ◽

Qizhen Huang ◽

Xiaolong Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Prognostic Factor ◽

Transarterial Chemoembolization ◽

Radical Resection ◽

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽

Clinical Value ◽

Gamma Glutamyl ◽

Preoperative Serum ◽

Before And After ◽

Glutamyl Transferase

Abstract Background Preoperative serum gamma-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT) levels is significantly related to the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its clinical value in the management of postoperative adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization (PA-TACE) has rarely been explored. This study aimed to investigate whether γ-GT levels could be taken as a biomarker to guide the management of PA-TACE in resectable HCC. Methods HCC patients receiving radical resection were identified through the primary liver cancer big data (PLCBD) from December 2012 to December 2015. Prognostic factors of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were identified by univariate and multivariate cox analyses, and subgroup analysis was conducted between PA-TACE group and non-TACE stratified by γ-GT levels before and after 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM). Results γ-GT level was found to be an independent risk factor of OS and DFS in 1847 HCC patients receiving radical resection (both P < 0.05), and patients with elevated γ-GT(> 54.0 U/L) have a shortened median OS and DFS, compared with those with normal γ-GT (both P < 0.001). In the subgroup of patients with normal γ-GT, there were no significant differences between groups of PA-TACE and non-TACE in terms of median OS and DFS before and after PSM (all P > 0.05), and PA-TACE was not a significant prognostic factor of both OS and DFS before and after PSM (all P > 0.05). In the subgroup of patients with elevated γ-GT, significant differences were found between groups of PA-TACE and non-TACE in terms of median OS and DFS before and after PSM (all P < 0.05), and PA-TACE was an independent prognostic factor of both OS and DFS (all P < 0.05). Conclusion Currently, we concluded that patients with more advanced HCC also have more elevated γ-GT, and these patients with elevated γ-GT would be benefited more from PA-TACE after radical resection.

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Biochemical effects induced by deoxynivalenol intoxication in piglets

Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry ◽

10.2298/bah0702245d ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 23 (5-6-2) ◽

pp. 245-250 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Dinischiotu ◽

D. Dinu ◽

M. Rebedea ◽

G. Stoian ◽

I. Taranu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽

Serum Urea ◽

Serum Total Protein ◽

Biochemical Effects ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Serum Biochemical ◽

Glutamyl Transferase ◽

Aspartate Transferase ◽

Sera Samples

Thirty-5 weeks-old pigs were fed corn-soybean diets containing 0.5 ppm and 1.5 ppm. deoxynivalenol. Sera samples were collected from ten piglets in each group at the end of 35 days of the trial to study the effect of certain serum biochemical parameters. Highly significant (P < 0.05) differences were observed for serum urea and gamma glutamyl transferase between control and mycotoxin treated groups. Mycotoxin treated groups did not reveal any significant difference for serum total protein, albumin, globulin, aspartate transferase and alanine transferase.

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Association between Pb, Cd, and Hg Exposure and Liver Injury among Korean Adults

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18136783 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (13) ◽

pp. 6783

Author(s):

Do-won Kim ◽

Jeongwon Ock ◽

Kyong-Whan Moon ◽

Choong-Hee Park

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Liver Injury ◽

Liver Function ◽

Large Population ◽

Metal Exposure ◽

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽

Heavy Metal Exposure ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Glutamyl Transferase

Background: Exposure to lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) has been reported to be associated with liver-related diseases. However, studies examining the association between heavy metal exposure and liver injury in a large population are scant and characterized by inconsistent results. This study aimed to evaluate the association between levels of heavy metal exposure and liver injury in the general population. Methods: Data for 2953 participants aged 19 years or more obtained from the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) Cycle 3 (2015–2017) were used. The associations between levels of blood or urine heavy metals (Pb, Cd, and Hg) and liver function biomarkers [aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT)] were evaluated using multiple linear regression analysis. Results: Regarding the blood Pb (BPb), AST was higher in those of the 4th quartile, ALT was higher in those of the 2nd and 4th quartiles, and GGT was higher in those of the 3rd and 4th quartiles than in the 1st quartile. For urinary Cd (UCd), AST was higher in those of the 4th quartile; ALT was higher in those of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quartiles; and GGT was higher in the 4th quartile than in the 1st quartile. For the blood Hg (BHg), AST was higher in those of the 2nd and 4th quartile, ALT was higher in those of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quartiles; and GGT was higher in those of the 3rd and 4th quartiles than in the 1st quartile. There was no significant difference between urinary Hg (UHg) and liver function markers. Conclusion: Heavy metal exposure showed an association with liver injury among the general adult population in Korea. Further studies are required to clarify the relationship between heavy metals and liver injury.

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Gene EBNA3C: Type of Infection by EBV (EBV1 and EBV2) Correlation With Clinical and Biochemical Parameters (AST, ALT and GGT) in Individuals With Infectious Mononucleosis in the Metropolitan Area of Belém, Pará, 2005-2016

10.21203/rs.2.10515/v5 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Talita Antonia Furtado Monteiro ◽

Iran Barros Costa ◽

Igor Brasil Costa ◽

Thais Letícia dos Santos Corrêa ◽

Beatriz Monteiro Rodrigues Coelho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infectious Mononucleosis ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Cervical Lymphadenopathy ◽

Metropolitan Region ◽

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽

Barr Virus ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Epstein Barr ◽

Glutamyl Transferase

Abstract Background: Two types of Epstein Barr virus (EBV1 and 2) have been shown to infect humans. This study aimed to detect the types of EBV that cause infectious mononucleosis and correlate these viral types with clinical parameters in the metropolitan region of Belém from 2005 to 2016.Methods: A total of 76 cases of infectious mononucleosis (IM) were processed at the Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, Brazil. PCR was used to analyze the EBNA 3C region for the recognition of EBV types. Biochemical testing (aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) was performed by the COBAS INTEGRA clinical biochemistry PLUS 400 / ROCHE automatic analyzer. The data were evaluated using the Statistical Package for Social Science - SPSS 17.0 and GraphPadPrism 7.0 for Windows.Results: EBV1 infection was observed in 71.1% (54/76) of individuals, among whom those > 14 years constituted 66.7% (36/54); the average age was 23 years, and the number of women infected was higher (61.1% [33/54]) than that of men 38.9%[21/54]). The symptoms/clinical signs observed in infection by EBV1 were cervical lymphadenopathy in 64.8% (35/54), fever in 63% (34/54), headache and arthralgia in 20.3% (11/54), and exanthema in 18.5% (10/54). Infection by EBV2 was observed in only 17.1% (13/76) of cases. Coinfections by EBV1 and EBV2, most frequently showing symptoms of fever and cervical lymphadenopathy, occurred in 66.7% (6/9) and 55.6% (5/9) of individuals. Alterations to AST were confirmed in 14.8% (8/54), EBV2 of cases in 7.7% (1/13) in EBV1 infection. Conclusions: EBV1 was predominant in 71% of clinical cases of infectious mononucleosis. The correlation of biochemical parameters in infection by EBV1, EBV2, and coinfections by EBV1/2 revealed a statistically significant difference in mean changes of EBV1 in individuals older than 14 years.

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Assessment of Heavy Metals and Related Impacts on Antioxidants and Physiological Parameters in Oil Refinery Workers in Iraq

Journal of Health and Pollution ◽

10.5696/2156-9614-11.31.210907 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (31) ◽

Author(s):

Mohammed A. Ajeel ◽

Akram A. Ajeel ◽

Aws Maseer Nejres ◽

Riyam Ameen Salih

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Serum Creatinine ◽

Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Oil Refinery ◽

Control Group ◽

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽

Physiological Variables ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Glutamyl Transferase

Background. Some heavy metals can be harmful to human health in elevated doses such as zinc (Zn) and magnesium (Mg), while others such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and copper (Cu) have harmful consequences to health even in small doses. Heavy metals and additives are incorporated into crude oil to enhance performance.3,4,5 Crude oil is well known to contain heavy metals like Cu, Cd, Ni and Pb.3,6,7 Objective. The current study aimed to assess levels of heavy metals and the impact of these metals on antioxidant levels and physiological variables in the serum of oil refinery workers in Iraq. Methods. Heavy metals such as Pb, Cd, Hg, Zn, Cu and Mg were assessed in the serum of a sample of refinery workers (N=40) and a control group (N=20) using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Additionally, levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), δ-aminolaevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and physiological variables such as blood urea, serum creatinine, glutamate-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamate-pyruvic transaminase (GPT), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) were measured to assess impact of these heavy metals. Results. Mercury, Cd, and Pb were significantly elevated in the refinery worker group in comparison with the control group, while the levels of Zn, Cu, and Mg were significantly lower in the refinery worker group compared to the control group. There was a significant difference between the control group and the worker group for most of the antioxidants and functional variables. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly lower in the worker group while blood urea, serum creatinine, glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) showed a significant elevation in the workers' group. Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) showed no significant difference between the control group and the worker group. Conclusions. Refinery workers are at increased risk of having higher serum levels of Pb, Cd, and Hg compared to controls which can lead to an increase in oxidative stress, decrease in TAC, and decrease in the essential trace elements Zn, Cu and Mg. Participant Consent. Obtained Ethics Approval. This study was approved by the ethics committee within the Nineveh Health Department, Mosul, Iraq. Competing Interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests.

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Gene EBNA3C: Type of Infection by EBV (EBV1 and EBV2) Correlation With Clinical and Biochemical Parameters (AST, ALT and GGT) in Individuals With Infectious Mononucleosis in the Metropolitan Area of Belém, Pará, 2005-2016

10.21203/rs.2.10515/v4 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Talita Antonia Furtado Monteiro ◽

Iran Barros Costa ◽

Igor Brasil Costa ◽

Thais Letícia dos Santos Corrêa ◽

Beatriz Monteiro Rodrigues Coelho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infectious Mononucleosis ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Cervical Lymphadenopathy ◽

Metropolitan Region ◽

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽

Barr Virus ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Epstein Barr ◽

Glutamyl Transferase

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Development and validation of bile acid profile-based scoring system for identification of biliary atresia: a prospective study

10.21203/rs.2.23722/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Dongying Zhao ◽

Kejun Zhou ◽

Yan Chen ◽

Wei Xie ◽

Yongjun Zhang

Keyword(s):

Bile Acid ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Biliary Atresia ◽

Scoring System ◽

Validation Cohort ◽

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽

Derivation Cohort ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Glutamyl Transferase ◽

A Prospective Study

Abstract Background: Early distinguishing biliary atresia from other causes of infantile cholestasis remains a major challenge. We aimed to develop and validate a scoring system based on bile acid for identification of biliary atresia. Methods: In a prospective study, a total of 141 infants with cholestasis were enrolled in two sets (derivation cohort, n=66; validation cohort, n=75) from 2014 to 2018. Variables with significant difference between biliary atresia and non-biliary atresia infants were selected in the derivation cohort. Then, a scoring system including those variables was designed and validated. Results: Among 66 patients in the derivation cohort, 34 (51.5%) had biliary atresia. A scoring system was proposed with the following variables: glycochenodeoxycholic acid/chenodeoxycholic acid, clay stool, and gamma-glutamyl transferase. The total score ranged from 0 to 41, and a cutoff value of 15 identified biliary atresia with an area under receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.87 (95% confidence interval, 0.77–0.94), sensitivity of 85.3%, and specificity of 81.3% in the derivation cohort; these values were also confirmed in a validation cohort with a sensitivity of 90.0% and specificity of 80.0%. Conclusions: The proposed simple scoring system had good diagnostic accuracy for estimating the risk of biliary atresia in infants with cholestasis.

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