scholarly journals Development of Antibacterial, Degradable and pH-Responsive Chitosan/Guar Gum/Polyvinyl Alcohol Blended Hydrogels for Wound Dressing

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (19) ◽  
pp. 5937
Author(s):  
Muhammad Umar Aslam Khan ◽  
Iqra Iqbal ◽  
Mohamed Nainar Mohamed Ansari ◽  
Saiful Izwan Abd Razak ◽  
Mohsin Ali Raza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Wound Dressing ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Electrolyte Solutions ◽  
Release Mechanism ◽  
Functional Surface ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Drug Release Kinetics

The present research is based on the fabrication preparation of CS/PVA/GG blended hydrogel with nontoxic tetra orthosilicate (TEOS) for sustained paracetamol release. Different TEOS percentages were used because of their nontoxic behavior to study newly designed hydrogels’ crosslinking and physicochemical properties. These hydrogels were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and wetting to determine the functional, surface morphology, hydrophilic, or hydrophobic properties. The swelling analysis in different media, degradation in PBS, and drug release kinetics were conducted to observe their response against corresponding media. The FTIR analysis confirmed the components added and crosslinking between them, and surface morphology confirmed different surface and wetting behavior due to different crosslinking. In various solvents, including water, buffer, and electrolyte solutions, the swelling behaviour of hydrogel was investigated and observed that TEOS amount caused less hydrogel swelling. In acidic pH, hydrogels swell the most, while they swell the least at pH 7 or higher. These hydrogels are pH-sensitive and appropriate for controlled drug release. These hydrogels demonstrated that, as the ionic concentration was increased, swelling decreased due to decreased osmotic pressure in various electrolyte solutions. The antimicrobial analysis revealed that these hydrogels are highly antibacterial against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus) and Gram negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) bacterial strains. The drug release mechanism was 98% in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) media at pH 7.4 in 140 min. To analyze drug release behaviour, the drug release kinetics was assessed against different mathematical models (such as zero and first order, Higuchi, Baker–Lonsdale, Hixson, and Peppas). It was found that hydrogel (CPG2) follows the Peppas model with the highest value of regression (R2 = 0.98509). Hence, from the results, these hydrogels could be a potential biomaterial for wound dressing in biomedical applications.

Preparation and Characterization of Mucoadhesive Microcapsules of Gliclazide with Natural Gums

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santhosh Kumar Mankala ◽  
Nishanth Kumar Nagamalli ◽  
Ramakrishna Raprla ◽  
Rajyalaxmi Kommula
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Release Mechanism ◽  
Ionic Gelation ◽  
Release Formulation

Gliclazide is an oral hypoglycemic agent used in management of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Among people who are suffering from long term disorders, the major were categorized under diabetes so, a dosage form is needed to provide continuous therapy with high margin of safety & such dosage form can be achieved by microencapsulation. Gliclazide microspheres with sodium alginate (coat material, gum kondagogu, gum guar and xanthan gum (mucoadhesive agents) were prepared by orifice-ionic gelation and emulsification ionic gelation techniques varying concentrations (1:0.25, 1:0.5, 1:0.75 and 1:1). Formulations were then evaluated for surface morphology, particle shape, Carr’s index, microencapsulation efficiency, drug release, mucoadhesion studies. Compatibility studies were performed by FTIR, DSC, and XRD techniques and no interactions were found between drug and excepients used. The microspheres were found spherical and free flowing with emulsion ionic gelation technique with a size range 400-600μm. % drug content and encapsulation efficiency found in the range of 55%-68% and, 86.23%-94.46% respectively. All microspheres showed good mucoadhesive property in in-vitro wash of test. In vitro drug release studies showed that the guar gum has more potentiality to retard the drug release compared to other gums and concentrations. Drug release from the microspheres was found slow following zero order release kinetics with non-fickian release mechanism stating release depended on the coat: core ratio and the method employed. The concentration of 1:1 of SA: GG (EMG 4) found suitable for preparing the controlled release formulation of gliclazide stating emulsification gelation technique is the best among followed.   Key words: Gliclazide; Natural gums; orifice ionic gelation technique; emulsification ionic gelation technique DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sjps.v4i1.8865 SJPS 2011; 4(1): 38-48

PLGA Nanoparticles for Anti Tuberculosis Drug Delivery

2012 ◽  
Vol 584 ◽  
pp. 465-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Malathi ◽  
S. Balasubramanian
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Double Emulsion ◽  
Plga Nanoparticles ◽  
Release Mechanism ◽  
Sustained Drug Release ◽  
Drug Release Kinetics ◽  
Evaporation Technique

Nanoparticles-based drug delivery systems have considerable potential for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB). A series of PLGA polymers with different molar feed ratios (P2:87/13, P3:83/17, P5:63/37, P6:76/24, P9:53/47) were synthesized by direct melt poly condensation method. The resulting biodegradable polymers were characterized by FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The preparation of the drug (Pyrazinamide (PZA)) encapsulated PLGA polymers were carried out by double emulsion – solvent evaporation technique. The drug loaded PLGA-NPs were analyzed by UV-visible spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The drug loading efficiency and drug release kinetics varies in the following order: P9>P5>P6>P3>P2. Among the formulations, PP9 showed a uniform as well as sustained drug release. The drug release kinetics has been evaluated by Zero-order, First order, Higuchi and Koresmeyer- Peppas models and the release mechanism has also been investigated

scholarly journals FORMULATION AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF BILAYER TABLET OF ATENOLOL FOR BIPHASIC DRUG RELEASE

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Tarun Parashar ◽  
Nardev Singh
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Sustained Release ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Immediate Release ◽  
Drug Release Kinetics ◽  
Gum Acacia ◽  
Bilayer Tablet

Objective: In the present research work, the aim was to prepare the bilayer tablet of atenolol for biphasic drug release to improve its bioavailability and absorption in the lower gastrointestinal tract. Methods: In the formulation of immediate release crospovidone, croscarmellose sodium, and sodium starch glycolate was used as super disintegrate and was directly compressed. For a sustained release portion different grade hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) K4M, HPMC K15M, gum tragacanth, gum acacia, guar gum, and ethyl cellulose. Preformulation studies were performed before compression. The compressed bilayer tablets were evaluated for weight variation, dimension, hardness, friability, drug content, disintegration time, and in vitro drug release using USP dissolution apparatus type 2 (paddle). Results: The formulation IR3 showed 95% drug release in 30 min, and regression coefficient value (r2) value was found to be 0.994 suggesting first-order drug release kinetics. The F9 formulation using HPMC K15M and gum acacia (1:1) showed 91.20% drug release at the end of 12 h, and regression coefficient value (r2) was 0.992 suggesting zero-order drug release kinetics. Formulation IR3F9 showed faster drug release for bilayer tablet containing 5%w/w crospovidone in immediate release layer and HPMC and guar gum (1:1) in sustained release. Formulation IR3F9 showed swelling index 206%, floating lag time was found to be 2 min and total floating time up to 12 h. Conclusion: The formulation IR3F9 showed a faster drug release profile among the others in the preparation of the atenolol bilayer tablet. Hence, it was considered as an optimized formulation.

Drug release kinetics from biodegradable UV-transparent hollow calcium-phosphate glass fibers

2017 ◽  
Vol 191 ◽  
pp. 116-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edoardo Ceci-Ginistrelli ◽  
Carlotta Pontremoli ◽  
Diego Pugliese ◽  
Nadia Barbero ◽  
Nadia G. Boetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Phosphate Glass ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Drug Release Kinetics

scholarly journals Optimizing the Role of Polymer Blend in the Preparation of Acyclovir Controlled-Release Tablets: An Approach for Better Patient Compliance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barkat Khan ◽  
Faheem Haider ◽  
Kifayat Shah ◽  
Bushra Uzair ◽  
Kaijian Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Immediate Release ◽  
Matrix Tablets ◽  
Release Mechanism ◽  
In Vitro Drug Release ◽  
Solubility Study ◽  
Release Data

This study was carried out to formulate and evaluate controlled release (CR) matrix tablets of Acyclovir using combination of hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers. Acyclovir is a guanine derivative and is its half-life is short hence administered five times a day using immediate release tablets. Six formulations (F1-F6) were developed using Ethocel and Carbopol in equal combinations at drug-polymer (D:P) ratio of 10:5, 10:6, 10:7, 10:8, 10:9 and 10:10. Solubility study was performed using six different solvents. The compatibility studies were carried out using FTIR and DSC. According to USP, Quality Control and dimensional tests (hardness, friability, disintegration and thickness) were executed. In-vitro drug release studies of Acyclovir was carried out in dissolution apparatus using using 0.1 N HCl medium at constant temperature of 37 ± 0.5 ºC. In order to analyze the drug release kinetics, five different mathematical models were applied to the release data. The results showed that there was no incompatibility between drug and polymers. Physical QC tests were found within limits of USP. The release was retarded upto 24 hrs and non-fickian in-vitro drug release mechanism was found. A formulation developed using blend of polymers, showed excellent retention and desired release profiles thus providing absolute control for 24 hrs.

scholarly journals DESIGN AND IN VITRO/IN VIVO EVALUATION OF EXTENDED RELEASE MATRIX TABLETS OF NATEGLINIDE

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohini Sihare ◽  
Rajendra Chouksey
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Release Profile ◽  
Matrix Tablets ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Release Mechanism ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation

Aim: Nateglinide is a quick acting anti-diabetic medication whose potent activity lasts for a short duration. One of the dangerous side effects of nateglinide administration is rapid hypoglycemia, a condition that needs to be monitored carefully to prevent unnecessary fatalities. The aim of the study was to develop a longer lasting and slower releasing formulation of nateglinide that could be administered just once daily. Methods: Matrix tablets of nateglinide were prepared in combination with the polymers hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), eudragits, ethyl cellulose and polyethylene oxide and the formulated drug release patterns were evaluated using in vitro and in vivo studies. Conclusion: Of the seventeen formulated matrix tablets tested, only one formulation labelled HA-2 that contained 15% HPMC K4M demonstrated release profile we had aimed for. Further, swelling studies and scanning electron microscopic analysis confirmed the drug release mechanism of HA-2. The optimized formulation HA-2 was found to be stable at accelerated storage conditions for 3 months with respect to drug content and physical appearance. Mathematical analysis of the release kinetics of HA-2 indicated a coupling of diffusion and erosion mechanisms. In-vitro release studies and pharmacokinetic in vivo studies of HA-2 in rabbits confirmed the sustained drug release profile we had aimed for. Keywords: Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, Matrix tablets, Nateglinide, Sustained release

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