Electrospun Nanofibers of Natural and Synthetic Polymers as Artificial Extracellular Matrix for Tissue Engineering

Many types of polymer nanofibers have been introduced as artificial extracellular matrices. Their controllable properties, such as wettability, surface charge, transparency, elasticity, porosity and surface to volume proportion, have attracted much attention. Moreover, functionalizing polymers with other bioactive components could enable the engineering of microenvironments to host cells for regenerative medical applications. In the current brief review, we focus on the most recently cited electrospun nanofibrous polymeric scaffolds and divide them into five main categories: natural polymer-natural polymer composite, natural polymer-synthetic polymer composite, synthetic polymer-synthetic polymer composite, crosslinked polymers and reinforced polymers with inorganic materials. Then, we focus on their physiochemical, biological and mechanical features and discussed the capability and efficiency of the nanofibrous scaffolds to function as the extracellular matrix to support cellular function.

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A decellularized human corneal scaffold for anterior corneal surface reconstruction

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-82678-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Naresh Polisetti ◽

Anke Schmid ◽

Ursula Schlötzer-Schrehardt ◽

Philip Maier ◽

Stefan J. Lang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Sodium Deoxycholate ◽

Nuclear Material ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Host Cells ◽

Human Cornea ◽

Human Donor ◽

Short Period

AbstractAllogenic transplants of the cornea are prone to rejection, especially in repetitive transplantation and in scarred or highly vascularized recipient sites. Patients with these ailments would particularly benefit from the possibility to use non-immunogenic decellularized tissue scaffolds for transplantation, which may be repopulated by host cells in situ or in vitro. So, the aim of this study was to develop a fast and efficient decellularization method for creating a human corneal extracellular matrix scaffold suitable for repopulation with human cells from the corneal limbus. To decellularize human donor corneas, sodium deoxycholate, deoxyribonuclease I, and dextran were assessed to remove cells and nuclei and to control tissue swelling, respectively. We evaluated the decellularization effects on the ultrastructure, optical, mechanical, and biological properties of the human cornea. Scaffold recellularization was studied using primary human limbal epithelial cells, stromal cells, and melanocytes in vitro and a lamellar transplantation approach ex vivo. Our data strongly suggest that this approach allowed the effective removal of cellular and nuclear material in a very short period of time while preserving extracellular matrix proteins, glycosaminoglycans, tissue structure, and optical transmission properties. In vitro recellularization demonstrated good biocompatibility of the decellularized human cornea and ex vivo transplantation revealed complete epithelialization and stromal repopulation from the host tissue. Thus, the generated decellularized human corneal scaffold could be a promising biological material for anterior corneal reconstruction in the treatment of corneal defects.

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Promotion of Angiogenesis by an Artificial Extracellular Matrix Protein Containing the Laminin-1-Derived IKVAV Sequence

Bioconjugate Chemistry ◽

10.1021/bc900126b ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 20 (9) ◽

pp. 1759-1764 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Makiko Nakamura ◽

Kumiko Yamaguchi ◽

Masayasu Mie ◽

Makoto Nakamura ◽

Keiichi Akita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Matrix Protein ◽

Extracellular Matrix Protein ◽

Artificial Extracellular Matrix ◽

Laminin 1

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Transformable Nanomaterials as an Artificial Extracellular Matrix for Inhibiting Tumor Invasion and Metastasis

ACS Nano ◽

10.1021/acsnano.7b00781 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 4086-4096 ◽

Cited By ~ 75

Author(s):

Xiao-Xue Hu ◽

Ping-Ping He ◽

Guo-Bin Qi ◽

Yu-Juan Gao ◽

Yao-Xin Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Tumor Invasion ◽

Invasion And Metastasis ◽

Artificial Extracellular Matrix

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Influence of Post-Treatment with Methanol Vapor on the Properties of SF/P(LLA-CL) Nanofibrous Scaffolds

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.236-238.2221 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 236-238 ◽

pp. 2221-2224

Author(s):

Kui Hua Zhang ◽

Xiu Mei Mo

Keyword(s):

Electrospun Nanofibers ◽

Random Coil ◽

Methanol Vapor ◽

Nanofibrous Scaffolds ◽

Nanofibrous Structure ◽

Α Helix ◽

Β Sheet ◽

Ideal Method ◽

C Nmr

In order to improve water-resistant ability silk fibroin (SF) and SF/P(LLA-CL) blended nanofibrous scaffolds for tissue engineering applications, methanol vapor were used to treat electrospun nanofibers. SEM indicated SF and SF/ P(LLA-CL) scaffolds maintained nanofibrous structure after treated with methanol vapor and possessed good water-resistant ability. Characterization of 13C NMR clarified methanol vapor induced SF conformation from random coil or α- helix to β-sheet. Moreover, treated SF/ P (LLA-CL) nanofibrous scaffolds still kept good mechanical properties. Methanol vapor could be ideal method to treat SF and SF/ P(LLA-CL) nanofibrous scaffolds for biomedical applications.

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Preliminary Study of Oil Palm Decanter Cake Natural Polymer Composite (OPDC-NPC)

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.911.40 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 911 ◽

pp. 40-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Muhammad Aqif Adam ◽

Alawi Sulaiman ◽

Che Mohd Som Said ◽

Ayub M. Som ◽

Azhari Samsu Bahruddin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Polymer Composite ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Absorption Rate ◽

Natural Fiber ◽

Natural Polymer ◽

Water Absorption Rate ◽

Decanter Cake

Palm oil industry produces huge amount of oil palm decanter cake (OPDC). Currently it is not yet commercialized however due to its characteristics, it can be used to produce oil palm decanter cake natural polymer composite (OPDC-NPC). NPC is a type of material made by combining natural fiber with polymer. Therefore the objective of this paper is to produce NPC from OPDC and then determine its mechanical and physical properties such as elasticity, stiffness, tensile strength and water absorption rate. The OPDC samples were collected from Felda Trolak Palm Oil Mill. Prior to NPC development, the oil was removed from OPDC using hexane soxhlet extraction method. OPDC-NPC was fabricated using molding method where the mixture of 95% polypropylene (PP) and 5% OPDC were mixed using twin-screw extruder. The results showed that OPDC-NPC has an elasticity of 2231 MPa, stiffness of 30 MPa, tensile strength of 32 MPa and water absorption rate of 0.16 % which was slightly better with the other types of fibers.

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Construction of Hybrid Cell Spheroids Using Cell-Sized Cross-Linked Nanogel Microspheres as an Artificial Extracellular Matrix

ACS Applied Bio Materials ◽

10.1021/acsabm.1c00796 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shunya Hayashi ◽

Yoshihiro Sasaki ◽

Hirotaka Kubo ◽

Shin-ichi Sawada ◽

Naoya Kinoshita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Hybrid Cell ◽

Cell Spheroids ◽

Artificial Extracellular Matrix

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Leptospira interrogans enters different host cells by binding to distinct molecules in the extracellular matrix

Archives of Biological Sciences ◽

10.2298/abs140702003z ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 67 (1) ◽

pp. 31-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xin Zhao ◽

Ai-Hua Sun ◽

Yu-Mei Ge ◽

Huan Wang ◽

Jie Yan

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Host Cells ◽

Leptospira Interrogans

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Effects of latex and poly-DADMAC on erosion, hydrophobicity and water-retention on two different soils

Soil Research ◽

10.1071/sr9950805 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 33 (5) ◽

pp. 805 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

SM Bernas ◽

JM Oades ◽

GJ Churchman

Keyword(s):

Water Retention ◽

Synthetic Polymer ◽

Soil Types ◽

Simulated Rainfall ◽

Natural Polymer ◽

Water Stable Aggregates ◽

Run Off ◽

Sediment Loss ◽

Water Repellence ◽

Different Soils

Latex (natural polymer) and poly-DADMAC (synthetic polymer) were applied to a red brown earth (Alfisol) and a Wiesenboden (Mollisol). Run-off, infiltration, sediment loss and water stable aggregates were measured after subjecting the soils to simulated rainfall. Water retention of latex and poly-DADMAC amended soils was determined. The MED test for hydrophobicity was also carried out for the latex-treated soil. Latex decreased run-off and erosion, and increased infiltration on both soils. Poly-DADMAC minimized run-off and erosion, and increased infiltration on the Wiesenboden. It increased run-off and decreased infiltration on the red-brown earth; however, it still decreased erosion. Latex increased the percentage of water-stable aggregates > 2 mm on the red-brown earth, but it had less effect on the Wiesenboden. Poly-DADMAC decreased the percentage of water-stable aggregates < 0.125 mm on both soils after simulated rainfall. Both latex and poly-DADMAC had little effect on water retention of the red-brown earth and the Wiesenboden. Application of 1.5 g kg-1 of latex increased MED values of both soils, to give values that indicate moderate water-repellence but should not affect plant growth. Generally, latex was more effective on the red-brown earth and poly-DADMAC was more effective on the Wiesenboden. It seems that latex can be effective on all soil types, but poly-DADMAC will have more effect on clay soils.

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