scholarly journals Foliar Application of CeO2 Nanoparticles Alters Generative Components Fitness and Seed Productivity in Bean Crop (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 862
Author(s):  
Hajar Salehi ◽  
Abdolkarim Chehregani Rad ◽  
Ali Raza ◽  
Jen-Tsung Chen
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Embryo Sac ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Pollen Abortion ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Chromosome Separation

In the era of technology, nanotechnology has been introduced as a new window for agriculture. However, no attention has been paid to the effect of cerium dioxide nanoparticles (nCeO2) on the reproductive stage of plant development to evaluate their toxicity and safety. To address this important topic, bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) treated aerially with nCeO2 suspension at 250–2000 mg L−1 were cultivated until flowering and seed production in the greenhouse condition. Microscopy analysis was carried out on sectioned anthers and ovules at different developmental stages. The pollen’s mother cell development in nCeO2 treatments was normal at early stages, the same as control plants. However, the results indicated that pollen grains underwent serious structural damages, including chromosome separation abnormality at anaphase I, pollen wall defect, and pollen grain malformations in nCeO2-treated plants at the highest concentration, which resulted in pollen abortion and yield losses. On the ovule side, the progression of development only at the highest concentration was modified in the two-nucleated embryo sac stage, probably due to apoptosis in nuclei. Nevertheless, the findings confirmed the more pronounced vulnerability of male reproductive development under nCeO2 exposure than female development. The higher concentration decreased seed productivity, including seed set in either pods or whole plant (13% and 18% compared to control, respectively). The data suggested the potential application of nCeO2 at optimal dosages as a plant productivity ameliorative. However, a higher dosage is considered as an eco-environmental hazard. To our best knowledge, this is the first study analyzing reproductive plant response upon exposure to nCeO2.

scholarly journals Effects of foliar fertilization of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, L.) during the seed-filling stage

1977 ◽  
Vol 34 (0) ◽  
pp. 551-563
Author(s):  
A.M.L. Neptune ◽  
T. Muraoka
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Root System ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Filling Stage

An experiment was carried out with common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, L.) in a Red Yellow Latossol, sandy phase, in order to study the influence of foliar spraying of the Hanway nutrient solution (NPKS) at grain filling stage on: 1) grain yield; 2) the uptake of fertilizer and soil nitrogen by this crop through the root system and 3) the efficiency of utilization of the nitrogen in the foliar spray solution by the grain. The results of this experiment showed that the foliar application of the Hanway solution with ammonium nitrate at the pod filling period caused severe leaf burn and grain yield was inferior to that of the plants which received a soil application of this fertilizer at the same stage. These facts can be attributed to the presence of ammonium nitrate in the concentration used. The composition of final spray was: 114,28 Kg NH4NO3 + 43,11 Kg potassium poliphosphate + 12,44 Kg potassium sulphate per 500 litres. The uptake of nitrogen fertilizer through the root system and the efficiency of its utilization was greater than that through the leaves.

Flower and pod production at various nodes of Phaseolus vulgaris L.

1986 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. O. Tayo
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Flower Opening ◽  
Slow Growth Rate ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Pod Development ◽  
Significant Depression ◽  
Organ Removal ◽  
Pod Growth

SUMMARYIn a glasshouse study, the pattern of flower and pod production at the various flowering nodes of Phaseolus vulgaris (cv. 344) was mapped out. Soft X-radiation techniques were also used to study the development of retained and abscissed pods at the various nodes while varying levels of flower or pod removal were used to study the modification to pod development at each flowering node following organ removal.The period of flower opening over the whole plant spanned an average of 12 days and 90% of the pods retained to maturity were formed from flowers opened within 4 days of anthesis. The terminal inflorescence produced most of the flowers on the plant (25%), but nodes 2 and 3 developed the bulk (50%) of the pods retained. Only 30% of the open flowers on the plant formed pods that were retained to maturity.Pod elongation was initially very rapid in the pods to be retained, following successful fertilization, with the latter period of pod growth devoted almost entirely to seedfilling. A slow growth rate characterizes the development of abscission in Phaseolus pods and the number of seeds per pod is determined later in pod growth.Flower or pod removal prolonged flowering and led to longer leaf retention and more branches on the main stem. The number of mature pods was lower on the treated plants and the more severe the removal the larger were these treatment effects. Plants compensated for fewer pods by having more seeds per pod but these were not enough to prevent significant depression of seed dry weight per plant by the most severe removals. Flower or pod removal led to a shift of emphasis in pod production by the plant from nodes 2 and 3 to other areas of the plant where natural wastage of flower and young pods is high.

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON EMBRYO SAC DEVELOPMENT IN PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L.

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 948-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Ormrod ◽  
C. J. Woolley ◽  
G. W. Eaton ◽  
E. H. Stobbe
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Embryo Sac ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Embryo Sac Development

Zn-localization and anatomical changes in leaf tissues of green beans ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) following foliar application of Zn-lignosulfonate and ZnEDTA

2018 ◽  
Vol 231 ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Minnocci ◽  
Alessandra Francini ◽  
Stefania Romeo ◽  
Alfredo Daniele Sgrignuoli ◽  
Giovanni Povero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Anatomical Changes ◽  
Leaf Tissues

scholarly journals Fasulyede Büyüme ve Gelişme Dönemleri

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramazan İlhan Aytekin ◽  
Sevgi Çalışkan
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Bean Plant ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Vegetative Stage ◽  
Biological Cycle ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Pod Development

Uniform description of developmental stages in crops improve communication among producers, researchers and others. A standardized, accurate, and easy system is needed to describe bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plant development. The objective of this study was to develop and describe stages of bean plant development in a manner which is simple but accurate. The biological cycle of the bean plant is divided into two successive phases: the vegetative stage (V) and the reproductive stage (R). Vegetative stages are determined by counting the number of trifoliolate leaves (V1 to VN) on the main stem beginning above the unifoliate leaf. Reproductive stages R1 and R2 are based on flowering, R3 and R4 on pod development, R5 and R6 on seed development, and R7, R8 and R9 on maturation.

scholarly journals Agronomic performance of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) according to foliar application of potassium silicate in two sowing times

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (28) ◽  
pp. 2528-2535
Author(s):  
Luiz Alves Andr eacute ◽  
Carlos Torres da Costa Antonio ◽  
Barbosa Duarte J uacute nior Jos eacute ◽  
Pietrowski Vanda ◽  
Cesar Mottin Marcos
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Potassium Silicate ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L

scholarly journals Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization on Mycorrhizal Infection, Nodulation and Growth of Phaseolus vulgaris L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 61-72
Author(s):  
Lahouaria Mounia Mansouri ◽  
Abdenour Kheloufi ◽  
Rabah Belatreche ◽  
Imene Abdou ◽  
Zineb Faiza Boukhatem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Mycorrhizal Infection ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Abiotic Constraints ◽  
The Subject ◽  
High Level ◽  
Low Nitrogen

SummaryThe common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) has been the subject of a number of studies and has been described by many authors as a legume with low nitrogen fixing potential compared to other legume species. The first objective of this study is to assess the development and growth of P. vulgaris L. var. Djedida and its yield at different developmental stages (vegetative, flowering and fruiting), in the presence and absence of nitrogen fertilizer (Urea 46) in an arid climate and in a soil containing high level of CaCO3 and assimilable phosphorus. The second objective is to carry out a survey on nodulation, number of spores and mycorrhizal infection under these conditions. The results showed that the nitrogen fertilizer amendment is mainly significant (p< 0.0001) for various morphological parameters. Indeed, great improvement was observed on the majority of the morphological parameters with considerable percentages. However, no significant effect was reported for the roots length. In addition, a negligible number of nodules were obtained in the plot without fertilization and no significant effect on the number of spores was recorded. Furthermore, the effect of fertilization on the arbuscular intensity (a%, A%) and on mycorrhizal colonization (M%, m%) of the roots was found to be significant. The soil in the arid region of Biskra showed significant mycorrhizogenic potential, although the conditions in this region were not very favorable for their development, which could constitute an effective biological resource to improve the tolerance of host plants to biotic and abiotic constraints.

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