scholarly journals Assessment of Dietary Intake and Nutrient Gaps, and Development of Food-Based Recommendations, among Pregnant and Lactating Women in Zinder, Niger: An Optifood Linear Programming Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ryan Wessells ◽  
Rebecca R. Young ◽  
Elaine L. Ferguson ◽  
Césaire T. Ouédraogo ◽  
M. Thierno Faye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Linear Programming ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Fermented Milk ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Dark Green

Pregnant and lactating women in rural Niger are at high risk for inadequate intakes of multiple micronutrients. Thus, 24 h dietary recalls were conducted and analyzed for dietary intakes in this population (n = 202). Using linear programming analyses, micronutrient gaps in women’s diets were identified, food-based recommendations (FBR) to improve dietary micronutrient adequacy were developed, and various supplementation strategies were modelled. Energy intakes were below estimated requirements, and, for most micronutrients, >50% of women were at risk of inadequate intakes. Linear programming analyses indicated it would be difficult to select a diet that achieved recommended dietary allowances for all but three (vitamin B6, iron and zinc) of 11 modeled micronutrients. Consumption of one additional meal per day, and adherence to the selected FBR (daily consumption of dark green leafy vegetables, fermented milk, millet, pulses, and vitamin A fortified oil), would result in a low percentage of women at risk of inadequate intakes for eight modeled micronutrients (vitamin A, riboflavin, thiamin, B6, folate, iron, zinc, and calcium). Because the promotion of realistic FBRs likely will not ensure that a low percentage of women are at risk of inadequate intakes for all modeled micronutrients, multiple micronutrient supplementation or provision of nutrient-dense foods should be prioritized.

scholarly journals Dietary Diversity in Cambodian Garment Workers: The Role of Free Lunch Provision

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Makurat ◽  
Eleonore Kretz ◽  
Frank Wieringa ◽  
Chhoun Chamnan ◽  
Michael Krawinkel
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Garment Workers ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Randomised Controlled

The objective of this paper is to compare food consumption by Cambodian garment workers with and without access to a free model lunch provision through a factory-based canteen. Data from an exploratory randomised controlled trial were analysed. In total, 223 female Cambodian garment workers were allocated to an intervention arm (six-month lunch provision) or a control arm. Dietary intake on workdays was assessed by qualitative 24-h recalls at baseline and twice at follow-ups during the period of lunch provision using the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) guideline on assessing women’s dietary diversity. In total, 158 participants provided complete data on the dietary intake over workdays at all interviews. Lunch provision resulted in a more frequent consumption of dark green leafy vegetables (DGLV), vitamin A-rich fruits, other fruits, and oils and fats during lunch breaks. In contrast, flesh meats, legumes, nuts and seeds, as well as sweets, were eaten at a lower frequency. Except for a higher consumption rate of vitamin A-rich fruits and a lower intake frequency of sweets, lunch provision had a less clear impact on total 24-h intake from different food groups and was not associated with a higher women’s dietary diversity score (WDDS). A more gap-oriented design of the lunch sets taking into account underutilised foods and the nutritional status of the workers is recommended.

scholarly journals Considerations for the design of nutrition-sensitive production programmes in rural South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Hendriks ◽  
A. Viljoen ◽  
D. Marais ◽  
F. A. M. Wenhold ◽  
A. M. McIntyre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Populations At Risk ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Home Consumption

Abstract Background Very little has been researched about the efficacy, effectiveness, feasibility, sustainability and impact of food-based approaches on the diets and nutritional status of populations at risk of hunger and food insecurity. This study contributes knowledge about the impact of food-based approaches on the diets of populations at risk of hunger and food insecurity in four of the poorest rural communities in South Africa. The study investigated the consumption and production patterns of rural households (278 in summer and 280 in winter) in four sites in the poorest municipalities in South Africa. Methods A multistage stratified random sampling technique was applied to identify the communities and sample households for the quantitative survey and qualitative assessments. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected between 2013 and 2015 through focus group discussions (FGDs), key informant interviews and the two-round panel survey to cover both the summer and winter seasons at each site. Results Home gardening led to a significant positive increase in the consumption of white roots and tubers, dark green leafy vegetables, orange-coloured fruit and other fruit in the 24 h prior to the survey. Participation in a community garden led to significant increases in the consumption of dark green leafy vegetables and other vegetables. School gardening did not demonstrate any statistical relationships with the consumption of foods from the crop-related food groups. Crop production improved dietary diversity. Selling produce and irrigation showed a stronger improvement in dietary diversity. Seasonality affected the availability of fresh fruit and vegetables for home consumption in winter. Conclusions Producing beyond that solely for home consumption has greater benefits for dietary diversity and a consumption-smoothing effect during the post-harvest period. Politicians and the scientific community should recognise the role that household and small-scale crop production plays in supporting household consumption and the provision of essential micronutrients despite constraints and disincentives. Production and education programmes should focus on strengthening existing good consumption patterns and promoting the consumption of foods that can improve dietary diversity.

scholarly journals Lack of improvement in vitamin A status with increased consumption of dark-green leafy vegetables

The Lancet ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 346 (8967) ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
S de Pee ◽  
C.E West ◽  
J.G.A.J Hautvast ◽  
Muhilal ◽  
D Karyadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Vitamin A Status ◽  
Dark Green

scholarly journals High Prevalence of Stunting and Anaemia Is Associated with Multiple Micronutrient Deficiencies in School Children of Small-Scale Farmers from Chamwino and Kilosa Districts, Tanzania

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1576
Author(s):  
Victoria Flavian Gowele ◽  
Joyce Kinabo ◽  
Theresia Jumbe ◽  
Constance Rybak ◽  
Wolfgang Stuetz
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
School Children ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
Dark Green

Inadequate macro- and micronutrient nutrition and its consequences, such as anaemia, iron and vitamin deficiency, and growth retardation, could particularly affect children of small-scale farmers. In the present cross-sectional study, 666 school children aged 5–10 years from villages of Chamwino and Kilosa districts were studied for associations between nutritional and micronutrient status and dietary intake. The overall prevalence of stunting, underweight, and overweight was 28.1, 14.4, and 5%, while that of anaemia and deficiency of iron (ID), vitamin A (VAD), and zinc (ZnD) was 42.9, 29.3, 24.9, and 32.8%, respectively. Dietary recalls (24h) revealed that, except of iron (74%), only small proportions of children reached the recommended daily micronutrient intakes: 4% for zinc, 19% for vitamin A, and 14–46% for B vitamins. Stunting was highly associated with wasting in both districts and with VAD in Chamwino. Anaemia was predicted by ID, VAD, and ZnD in Chamwino and by elevated infection markers, C-reactive protein (CRP) and α-1 glycoprotein (AGP), in Kilosa. Overall, elevated CRP and/or AGP increased the risk while higher serum carotenoids indicating a diet of more fruit and vegetables reduced the risk of VAD. The significantly lower prevalence of anaemia and ID in Chamwino was related to higher iron and vitamin A intake and the consumption of mainly bulrush millet with dark green leafy vegetables compared to maize or rice with legumes in Kilosa. Nutrition and hygiene education integrated with home and school garden programmes could reduce the multiple burdens of anaemia; micronutrient deficiencies and infections; and, in the long term, the prevalence of stunting.

scholarly journals Vitamin A status and dark green leafy vegetables

The Lancet ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 346 (8990) ◽  
pp. 1634-1636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinodini Reddy ◽  
BarbaraA Underwood
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Vitamin A Status ◽  
Dark Green

scholarly journals Telephone-Delivered Dietary Intervention in Patients with Age-Related Macular Degeneration: 3-Months Post-Intervention Findings of a Randomised Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Tang ◽  
Paul Mitchell ◽  
George Burlutsky ◽  
Gerald Liew ◽  
Victoria M. Flood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Dark Green

Abstract Background: There is an evidence-practice gap between the dietary recommendations for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) presented in the literature and those practiced by patients. This study reports on the 3-months post-intervention results of a randomised controlled trial (RCT) evaluating telephone-delivered dietary counselling aiming to improve dietary behaviors among patients with AMD.Methods: 155 AMD patients (57% female, aged 78 ± 8 years; control: 78, intervention: 77), primarily residing in New South Wales, Australia were recruited into the RCT at baseline. Participants completed a baseline questionnaire and short dietary questionnaire for age-related macular degeneration (SDQ-AMD). The intervention included an evidence-based nutrition resource and four monthly calls with a dietitian in addition to usual care; the control arm only received usual care. Immediately post-intervention, participants in the intervention arm were invited to repeat the SDQ-AMD and complete a feedback form. At 3-months post-intervention, all participants were invited to repeat the SDQ-AMD. Statistical analyses included t-tests and McNemar’s test to determine change in dietary intakes and proportion of participants meeting the dietary recommendations, respectively; level of significance for all statistical analyses was p <0.05. Descriptive statistics were used to describe adherence to and acceptability of the intervention.Results: At 3-months post-intervention compared to baseline, there were significant improvements within the intervention arm including increased intakes (mean serves ± SE) of dark green leafy vegetables (0.99 ± 0.17 vs 1.71 ± 0.22; p = 0.003) and legumes (0.69 ± 0.10 vs 1.12 ± 0.16; p = 0.02), and reduced intakes of specified discretionary foods (8.31 ± 0.76 vs 6.54 ± 0.58, p = 0.01). Between study arms, intakes of nuts were significantly higher in the intervention arm (control: 2.71 ± 0.32 vs intervention: 3.96 ± 0.51; p = 0.04) at 3-months post-intervention. Overall feedback about the intervention was positive, with all completers (n = 74) finding the program worthwhile and 98.7% (n = 73) indicating they would recommend it to others. Conclusion: This novel intervention was well-received and significantly improved the dietary intakes of dark green leafy vegetables, legumes and discretionary foods within the intervention arm.Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry; ACTRN12618000527268; registered 10 April 2018.

scholarly journals Considerations for the design of nutrition-sensitive production programmes in rural South Africa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheryl L Hendriks ◽  
Annemarie Viljoen ◽  
Diana Marais ◽  
Friede AM Wenhold ◽  
Angela M McIntyre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Populations At Risk ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Home Consumption

Abstract Background Very little has been researched about the efficacy, effectiveness, feasibility, sustainability and impact of food-based approaches on the diets and nutritional status of populations at risk of hunger and food insecurity. This study contributes knowledge about the impact of food-based approaches on the diets of populations at risk of hunger and food insecurity in four of the poorest rural communities in South Africa. The study investigated the consumption and production patterns of rural households (278 in summer and 280 in winter) in four sites in the poorest municipalities in South Africa. Methods A multistage stratified random sampling technique was applied to identify the communities and sample households for the quantitative survey and qualitative assessments. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected between 2013 and 2015 through focus group discussions (FGDs), key informant interviews and the two-round panel survey to cover both the summer and winter seasons at each site. Results Home gardening led to a significant positive increase in the consumption of white roots and tubers, dark green leafy vegetables, orange-coloured fruit and other fruit in the 24 hours prior to the survey. Participation in a community garden led to significant increases in the consumption of dark green leafy vegetables and other vegetables. School gardening did not demonstrate any statistical relationships with the consumption of foods from the crop-related food groups. Crop production improved dietary diversity. Selling produce and irrigation showed a stronger improvement in dietary diversity. Seasonality affected the availability of fresh fruit and vegetables for home consumption in winter Conclusions Producing beyond that solely for home consumption has greater benefits for dietary diversity and a consumption-smoothing effect during the post-harvest period. Politicians and the scientific community should recognise the role that household and small-scale crop production plays in supporting household consumption and the provision of essential micronutrients despite constraints and disincentives. Production and education programmes should focus on strengthening existing good consumption patterns and promoting the consumption of foods that can improve dietary diversity.

scholarly journals Consumption of Dark Green Leafy Vegetables Predicts Vitamin A and Iron Intake and Status among Female Small-Scale Farmers in Tanzania

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Stuetz ◽  
Victoria Gowele ◽  
Joyce Kinabo ◽  
Nyamizi Bundala ◽  
Hadijah Mbwana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Iron Intake ◽  
Serum Retinol ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
Dark Green

Inadequate consumption of micronutrient-dense foods such as vegetables and meat are an important contributing cause for anemia and deficiencies of iron and vitamin A in rural communities of Tanzania. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016 to examine nutritional and micronutrient status and their associations to the diet of female small-scale farmers in the sub-humid Kilosa (n = 333) and the semi-arid Chamwino (n = 333) districts, in the Morogoro and Dodoma region. An overall higher prevalence of overweight (19.7%) and obesity (7.1%) than of underweight (5.9%) was detected. Significantly more women in the two villages of Kilosa (27–40%) than in the two villages of Chamwino district (19–21%) were overweight/obese, but also more frequently had anemia (34–41% vs. 11–17%), iron deficiency (24–32% vs. 15–17%), and low serum retinol (21–24% vs. 8–9%). Overall, only a small proportion of women reached recommended daily micronutrient intakes: 27% for vitamin A, 17% for iron, 7% for zinc, and 12–38% for B-vitamins. The amount of dark green leafy vegetables (DGLV) consumed was the main determinant of vitamin A and iron intake by women in Chamwino and corresponded to higher hemoglobin, serum retinol and iron status than in the villages of the Kilosa district; in agreement, DGLV consumption also predicted iron and vitamin A intake in Kilosa district. DGLV consumed with wholemeal millet was advantageous in terms of women’s vitamin A and iron intake and status over the predominantly maize-rice-based diet lacking vegetables.

Do dietary patterns and morbidities have a relationship with primary infertility among women? A study from NFHS-4 (2015–16), India

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Sayeed Unisa ◽  
Kanchan Negi ◽  
Sucharita Pujari ◽  
Vaishali Chaurasia
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Severe Anaemia ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
High Blood Glucose ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Primary Infertility

Abstract This study assessed the rate of primary infertility and its associated factors among 402,807 currently married women aged 20–49 years in India using National Family Health Survey-4 data collected in 2015–2016. Dietary patterns and selected morbidities were included as independent variables, and socioeconomic variables were considered as covariates. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were done to estimate the prevalence of primary infertility and assess its association with the selected variables, respectively. The rate of primary infertility among currently married women in India in 2015–16 was 1.9% and this was significantly associated with younger age (<35 years), higher age at marriage (≥18 years), urban residence, higher secondary or above education and poverty. The consumption of dairy products (OR = 0.79, CI = 0.73–0.86), dark green leafy vegetables (OR = 0.57, CI = 0.39–0.81) and fruit (OR = 0.88, CI = 0.77–1.01) significantly reduced the odds of primary infertility. Daily consumption of fish and aerated drinks was related to 1.06–1.21 times higher odds of primary infertility. Overweight/obesity, high blood pressure and high blood glucose levels were associated with 1.08–1.21 times elevated odds of primary infertility. Thyroid disorder (OR = 1.38, CI = 1.21–1.60), heart disease (OR = 1.17, CI = 1.16–1.19) and severe anaemia (OR = 1.24, CI = 1.00–1.53) were associated with an increased likelihood of primary infertility among women (OR 1.17–1.39, CI 1.00–1.60). The findings provide compelling evidence that primary infertility among women is related to dietary patterns and morbidities. Interventions and programmes targeting the promotion of healthy diets and lifestyles could be beneficial in addressing the issue of primary infertility among women.

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