scholarly journals Comparison of Pro-Regenerative Effects of Carbohydrates and Protein Administrated by Shake and Non-Macro-Nutrient Matched Food Items on the Skeletal Muscle after Acute Endurance Exercise

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduard Isenmann ◽  
Franziska Blume ◽  
Daniel Bizjak ◽  
Vera Hundsdörfer ◽  
Sarah Pagano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
Serum Creatine Kinase ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Regeneration ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Damage ◽  
Leg Strength ◽  
Exercise Induced

Physical performance and regeneration after exercise is enhanced by the ingestion of proteins and carbohydrates. These nutrients are generally consumed by athletes via whey protein and glucose-based shakes. In this study, effects of protein and carbohydrate on skeletal muscle regeneration, given either by shake or by a meal, were compared. 35 subjects performed a 10 km run. After exercise, they ingested nothing (control), a protein/glucose shake (shake) or a combination of white bread and sour milk cheese (food) in a randomized cross over design. Serum glucose (n = 35), serum insulin (n = 35), serum creatine kinase (n = 15) and myoglobin (n = 15), hematologic parameters, cortisol (n = 35), inflammation markers (n = 27) and leg strength (n = 15) as a functional marker were measured. Insulin secretion was significantly stimulated by shake and food. In contrast, only shake resulted in an increase of blood glucose. Food resulted in a decrease of pro, and stimulation of anti-inflammatory serum markers. The exercise induced skeletal muscle damage, indicated by serum creatine kinase and myoglobin, and exercise induced loss of leg strength was decreased by shake and food. Our data indicate that uptake of protein and carbohydrate by shake or food reduces exercise induced skeletal muscle damage and has pro-regenerative effects.

Enzymatic estimation of skeletal muscle damage by analysis of changes in serum creatine kinase

1988 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 2598-2600 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. S. Apple ◽  
M. Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Myocardial Infarct ◽  
Serum Creatine Kinase ◽  
Myocardial Infarct Size ◽  
Distribution Space ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Damage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Theoretical Results

Skeletal muscle damage size (SMDS) was assessed in 35 women and 34 men runners after a 42.2-km race using a method developed for estimation of myocardial infarct size. SMDS was computed according to the following equation: SMDS = (BW) (K) (CKr), where BW is body weight, K is a constant, and CKr is the cumulative amount of creatine kinase (CK) released over time. The method takes into account CK distribution space, fractional disappearance rate of CK, proportion of CK degraded in skeletal muscle, and proportion of CK released into the circulation. Assumptions are made regarding the relative amount of CK lost from skeletal muscle into the circulation. The SMDS in men, 808 +/- 1,229 (SD) CK g-eq was significantly (P less than 0.05) greater than in women, 160 +/- 147 (SD) CK g-eq. The ranges of SMDS (CK g-eq) were 23-5,397 in men and 7-624 in women. A significant difference (P less than 0.05) also remained after correction for body surface area; men 432 +/- 583 (SD), women 100 +/- 63 (SD) CK g-eq/m2. In men and women, no significant correlation existed between SMDS and age or marathon finish time. Although relatively theoretical, results indicate that greater skeletal muscle damage occurred in men vs. women runners after a marathon. Whether the release of CK from skeletal muscle is the result of irreversible and/or reversible injury has not yet been determined.

scholarly journals Transient Creatine Kinase Elevation Followed by Hypocomplementemia in a Case of Rotavirus Myositis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Yuka Rokugo ◽  
Satoru Kumaki ◽  
Ryoichi Onuma ◽  
Rie Noguchi ◽  
Saeko Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Complement Activation ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Serum Creatine Kinase ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Damage ◽  
Infant Case

We report an infant case of rotavirus myositis, a rare complication of rotavirus infection. Complement levels of the patient were normal when serum creatine kinase (CK) level was at its peak and then decreased when the CK level became normalized. In a previous case report of rotavirus myositis, transient decrease of serum albumin, immunoglobulin, and complement levels was reported. The authors speculated that intravascular complement activation was caused by rotavirus and resulted in the pathogenesis of myositis, although complement levels at onset were not measured by the authors. In this report, however, we demonstrate that the complement activation of our patient is a result of, rather than the cause of, skeletal muscle damage.

Modifications in the Concentrations of Circulating Myoglobin after Treatment with Low Doses of Adriamycin

1985 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 463-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Carulli ◽  
Aldo Clerico ◽  
Alessandra Marini ◽  
Maria Grazia Del Chicca ◽  
Renato Vanacore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Damage ◽  
Creatine Kinase Mb

The modifications in the concentration of circulating myoglobin have been studied by means of a radioimmunoassay in 15 cancer patients undergoing polychemotherapy including adriamycin. In 8 patients significant increases in myoglobin levels were found after injection of low doses of the drug (25-50 mg/m2). Moreover, a disturbance of the normal biorhythm of the protein was evident in 12 patients. Creatine kinase-MB was evaluated by means of a radioimmunoassay, but there was no relation between an increase in the isoenzyme and an increase in myoglobin. No ECG modifications were detected. These data indicate that the measurement of myoglobin may offer an indication of myocardial or skeletal muscle damage caused by adriamycin.

scholarly journals Hormone therapy attenuates exercise-induced skeletal muscle damage in postmenopausal women

2009 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 853-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina M. Dieli-Conwright ◽  
Tanya M. Spektor ◽  
Judd C. Rice ◽  
E. Todd Schroeder
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Exercise Bout ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Damage ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Exercise Induced

Hormone therapy (HT) is a potential treatment to relieve symptoms of menopause and prevent the onset of disease such as osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. We evaluated changes in markers of exercise-induced skeletal muscle damage and inflammation [serum creatine kinase (CK), serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and skeletal muscle mRNA expression of IL-6, IL-8, IL-15, and TNF-α] in postmenopausal women after a high-intensity resistance exercise bout. Fourteen postmenopausal women were divided into two groups: women not using HT (control; n = 6, 59 ± 4 yr, 63 ± 17 kg) and women using traditional HT (HT; n = 8, 59 ± 4 yr, 89 ± 24 kg). Both groups performed 10 sets of 10 maximal eccentric repetitions of single-leg extension on the Cybex dynamometer at 60°/s with 20-s rest periods between sets. Muscle biopsies of the vastus lateralis were obtained from the exercised leg at baseline and 4 h after the exercise bout. Gene expression was determined by RT-PCR for IL-6, IL-8, IL-15, and TNF-α. Blood draws were performed at baseline and 3 days after exercise to measure CK and LDH. Independent t-tests were performed to test group differences (control vs. HT). A probability level of P ≤ 0.05 was used to determine statistical significance. We observed significantly greater changes in mRNA expression of IL-6, IL-8, IL-15, and TNF-α ( P ≤ 0.01) in the control group compared with the HT group after the exercise bout. CK and LDH levels were significantly greater after exercise ( P ≤ 0.01) in the control group. Postmenopausal women not using HT experienced greater muscle damage after maximal eccentric exercise, indicating a possible protective effect of HT against exercise-induced skeletal muscle damage.

Honokiol protects rats against eccentric exercise-induced skeletal muscle damage by inhibiting NF-κB induced oxidative stress and inflammation

2009 ◽  
Vol 610 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 119-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasson Chiang ◽  
Yuh-Chiang Shen ◽  
Yea-Hwey Wang ◽  
Yu-Chang Hou ◽  
Chien-Chih Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Damage ◽  
Exercise Induced

Children Are Less Susceptible to Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage than Adults: A Preliminary Investigation

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M.C. Soares ◽  
Paulo Mota ◽  
José A. Duarte ◽  
Hans J. Appell
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Muscle Pain ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Serum Creatine Kinase ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Adult Group ◽  
Intense Exercise ◽  
Exercise Induced

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether children showed similar signs of muscle overuse like adults after intense exercise. One child group (n = 10) and one adult group (n = 10) of males both had to perform five series of bench press exercises at an intensity of 80% of maximum strength until exhaustion. Maximum isometric strength, subjective perception of muscle pain, was measured before, immediately after, 48 hr, 72 hr, and 1 week after the exercise. Serum creatine kinase (CK) activity was measured before, 48 hr, 72 hr, and 1 week after the exercise. The adults showed all symptoms of muscle overuse: reduced strength, muscle pain, and elevated CK activities until 3 days after the exercise. In contrast, the children experienced only some light muscle pain, but neither showed reduced strength nor elevated CK activities. It is concluded that children’s muscles can easier withstand physical stress than adult muscles.

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