scholarly journals Effects of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) on VO2max: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Pérez-Gómez ◽  
Santos Villafaina ◽  
José Carmelo Adsuar ◽  
Eugenio Merellano-Navarro ◽  
Daniel Collado-Mateo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Withania Somnifera ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Assessment Development ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Grade Approach

The purpose of this study was to systematically review the scientific literature about the effects of supplementation with Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) on maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), as well as to provide directions for clinical practice. A systematic search was conducted in three electronic databases following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Guidelines (PRISMA). The inclusion criteria were: (a) VO2max data, with means ± standard deviation before and after the supplement intervention, (b) the study was randomized controlled trial (RCT), (c) the article was written in English. The quality of evidence was evaluated according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. A meta-analysis was performed to determine effect sizes. Five studies were selected in the systematic review (162 participants) and four were included in the meta-analysis (142 participants). Results showed a significant enhancement in VO2max in healthy adults and athletes (p = 0.04). The mean difference was 3.00 (95% CI from 0.18 to 5.82) with high heterogeneity. In conclusion, Ashwagandha supplementation might improve the VO2max in athlete and non-athlete people. However, further research is need to confirm this hypothesis since the number of studies is limited and the heterogeneity was high.

scholarly journals Copenhagen Adduction Exercise to Increase Eccentric Strength: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2863
Author(s):  
Jorge Pérez-Gómez ◽  
Santos Villafaina ◽  
José Carmelo Adsuar ◽  
Jorge Carlos-Vivas ◽  
Miguel Ángel Garcia-Gordillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Assessment Development ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Large Heterogeneity ◽  
Meta Analyses

Background: The purpose of this study was to systematically review the scientific literature about the benefits of using the Copenhagen Adductor (CA) exercise to improve eccentric hip adduction strength (EHAD), as well as to provide directions for training. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in three electronic databases following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The inclusion criteria were: (a) EHAD as outcome variable, with means and standard deviations before and after the intervention, (b) the study was a randomized controlled trial using the CA in the program intervention, (c) the article was written in English. The quality of evidence was evaluated according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) guidelines. A mini meta-analysis was performed to determine the overall effect. Results: Three studies were selected and included in this systematic review and mini meta-analysis. All articles reported significant enhancement in EHAD in football (soccer) players. The overall effect for the EHAD test was significant in favor to CA group (mean difference = 0.61; 95% CI from 0.20 to 1.01; p = 0.003) with large heterogeneity. Conclusions: CA exercise performed 2–3 times for 8 weeks is useful for improving EHAD in football players.

scholarly journals Does pain influence force steadiness? A protocol for a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e042525
Author(s):  
Michail Arvanitidis ◽  
Deborah Falla ◽  
Andy Sanderson ◽  
Eduardo Martinez-Valdes
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Force Steadiness ◽  
Assessment Development ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Meta Analyses

IntroductionPerforming contractions with minimum force fluctuations is essential for everyday life as reduced force steadiness impacts on the precision of voluntary movements and functional ability. Several studies have investigated the effect of experimental or clinical musculoskeletal pain on force steadiness but with conflicting findings. The aim of this systematic review is to summarise the current literature to determine whether pain, whether it be clinical or experimental, influences force steadiness.Methods and analysisThis protocol for a systematic review was informed and reported in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols and the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Key databases will be searched from inception to 31 August 2020, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL Plus, ZETOC and Web of Science. Grey literature and key journals will be also reviewed. Risk of bias will be assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa tool, and the quality of the cumulative evidence assessed with the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation guidelines. If homogeneity exists between groups of studies, meta-analysis will be conducted. Otherwise, a narrative synthesis approach and a vote-counting method will be used, while the results will be presented as net increases or decreases of force steadiness.Ethics and disseminationThe findings will be presented at conferences and the review will be also submitted for publication in a refereed journal. No ethical approval was required.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020196479

A systematic review of meta-analyses in orthopaedic surgery between 2000 and 2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 100-B (10) ◽  
pp. 1270-1274 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Manta ◽  
E. Opingari ◽  
A. H. Saleh ◽  
N. Simunovic ◽  
A. Duong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Orthopaedic Surgery ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Quality Review ◽  
Orthopaedic Literature ◽  
Medium Quality ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Meta Analyses

Aims The aims of this systematic review were to describe the quantity and methodological quality of meta-analyses in orthopaedic surgery published during the last 17 years. Materials and Methods MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PubMed, between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2016, were searched for meta-analyses in orthopaedic surgery dealing with at least one surgical intervention. Meta-analyses were included if the interventions involved a human muscle, ligament, bone or joint. Results A total of 392 meta-analyses met eligibility criteria, for which the mean AMSTAR quality score was 7.1/11. There was a positive correlation between the year of publication and the quality of the meta-analysis (r = 0.238, p < 0.001). Between 2000 and 2011, the mean AMSTAR score corresponded to that of a medium quality review. However, between 2012 and 2016, the mean scores have been consistently equivalent to those of a high-quality review. The number of meta-analyses published increased 10-fold between 2005 and 2014. Conclusion The quantity and quality of meta-analyses in orthopaedic surgery which have been published has increased, reaching a plateau in 2012. Methodological flaws remain to be addressed in future meta-analyses in order to continue increasing the quality of the orthopaedic literature. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:1270–4.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated factors of preterm birth in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e035574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kindie Fentahun Muchie ◽  
Ayenew Molla Lakew ◽  
Destaw Fetene Teshome ◽  
Melaku Kindie Yenit ◽  
Malede Mequanent Sisay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Maternal Body Mass Index ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Assessment Development ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Google Search

IntroductionPreterm birth (PTB) complications are the leading cause of death among neonates globally. The reduction in neonatal mortality is not remarkable in Ethiopia. Therefore, this review will assess the magnitude and associated factors of PTB in Ethiopia.Methods and analysisThe Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline will be followed during the systematic review. We will include all observational studies published from 1 January 2009 to 31 December 2019 that examined the level and/or associated factors of any type of PTB among live births in Ethiopia. Inclusion criteria will be all live births, PTB defined as delivery before 37 weeks gestation. The primary outcome will be PTB <37 weeks, and secondary outcomes including PTB <34, <32 and <28 weeks will be analysed. PubMed and Science Direct databases as well as Google search engine and Google Scholar will be searched. The pooled prevalence of preterm and effect size of association for associated factors will be analysed using the Stata software V.14. The heterogeneity between studies will be measured by I2 statistics. A random-effects model will be used to estimate if heterogeneity detected. Publication bias will be assessed using a funnel plot. Subgroup analysis will be sought based on possible characteristics of the studies, specific morbidity (like pre-eclampsia, hypertension), type of PTB (spontaneous or iotrogenic) and quality of study (high-quality or low-risk). Meta-regression will be considered for major covariates (maternal age and maternal body mass index) related to PTB. Forest plots will be used to present the combined estimate with 95% CIs. The quality of evidence of the outcomes will be assessed with the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations) approach.Ethics and disseminationNo ethical approval is necessary for this systematic review. The findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017077356.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Virtual Reality-Based Interventions for Children and Adolescents with ADHD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Dulce Romero-Ayuso ◽  
Abel Toledano-González ◽  
María del Carmen Rodríguez-Martínez ◽  
Palma Arroyo-Castillo ◽  
José Matías Triviño-Juárez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Cognitive Rehabilitation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Assessment Development ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Prisma Statement ◽  
Meta Analyses

This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual reality-based interventions (VR-based interventions) on cognitive deficits in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed according to the PRISMA statement and the Cochrane Handbook guidelines for conducting meta-analyses. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to assess the quality of the evidence. Clinical trials published up to 29 October 2020, were included. The meta-analysis included four studies, with a population of 125 participants with ADHD. The magnitude of the effect was large for omissions (SMD = −1.38; p = 0.009), correct hits (SMD = −1.50; p = 0.004), and perceptual sensitivity (SMD = −1.07; p = 0.01); and moderate for commissions (SMD = −0.62; p = 0.002) and reaction time (SMD = −0.67; p = 0.03). The use of VR-based interventions for cognitive rehabilitation in children with ADHD is limited. The results showed that VR-based interventions are more effective in improving sustained attention. Improvements were observed in attentional vigilance measures, increasing the number of correct responses and decreasing the number of errors of omission. No improvements were observed in impulsivity responses.

scholarly journals Comparative Efficacy of Antifungal Agents Used in the Treatment of Oropharyngeal Candidiasis among HIV-Infected Adults: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 637
Author(s):  
Shamala Gopal Rajadurai ◽  
Mari Kannan Maharajan ◽  
Sajesh K. Veettil ◽  
Divya Gopinath
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Oropharyngeal Candidiasis ◽  
Mycological Cure ◽  
Comparative Efficacy ◽  
Assessment Development ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Favorable Safety ◽  
Grade Approach

The objective of this study was to assess the comparative efficacy and safety of different antifungal agents used for the treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) in adult patients with HIV. A systematic search was performed on the four major databases (Medline, Embase, CENTRAL and Scopus) to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the efficacy of antifungal agents in HIV patients with OPC. A network meta-analysis was performed from the data extracted from the selected studies. The agents were ranked according using surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA). The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to determine the quality of evidence. A total of 15 trials were included in the quantitative analysis involving the data from a total of 2883 participants. Fluconazole was ranked as the most effective antifungal agent to achieve clinical cure (SUCRA = 0.87) in OPC followed by posaconazole and itraconazole. Posaconazole was ranked the most efficacious agent in achieving mycological cure (SUCRA = 0.81), followed by fluconazole. While nystatin was ranked the safest, the effect estimates of none of the other systemic antifungal agents were significantly higher than fluconazole. Based on the available evidence, fluconazole can be considered as the most effective drug in the treatment of OPC among HIV-infected adults and has a favorable safety profile, followed by posaconazole.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of e-cigarettes in smoking cessation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Oberndorfer ◽  
I Grabovac ◽  
S Haider ◽  
T E Dorner
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Quality Of Evidence ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background Reports of the effectiveness of e-cigarettes (ECs) for smoking cessation vary across different studies making implementation recommendations hard to attain. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesise the current evidence regarding the effectiveness of ECs for smoking cessation. Methods PubMed, PsycInfo and Embase databases were searched for randomized controlled trials comparing nicotine ECs with non-nicotine ECs or with established smoking cessation interventions (nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and or counselling) published between 01/01/2014 and 01/05/2019. Data from eligible studies were extracted and used for random-effects meta-analyses. Results Our literature review yielded 13190 publications with 10 studies being identified as eligible for systematic review, covering 8362 participants, and 8 for meta-analyses (n = 30 - 6006). Using the last follow-up of eligible studies, the proportion of smokers achieving abstinence was 1.67 [95CI:0.99 - 2.81] times higher in nicotine EC users compared to non-nicotine EC users. The proportion of abstinent smokers was 1.69 [95CI:1.25 - 2.27] times higher in EC users compared to participants receiving NRT. EC users showed a 2.70 [95CI:1.15 - 6.30] times higher proportion of abstinent smokers in comparison to participants solely receiving counselling. Conclusions Our analysis showed modest effects of nicotine-ECs compared to non-nicotine ECs. When compared to NRT or counselling, results suggest that nicotine EC may be more effective for smoking cessation. As ECs also help maintaining routinized behaviour and social aspects of smoking, we hypothesise that this may explain their advantage as a tool for smoking cessation. However, given the small number of included studies, different populations, heterogeneous designs, and the overall moderate to low quality of evidence, it is not possible to offer clear recommendations. More comparable data is needed to strengthen confidence in the quality of evidence. Key messages The number of previous studies assessing the effectiveness of ECs for smoking cessation is limited. Further, comparability of these studies is restricted, weakening the quality of evidence. Although current evidence on the effectiveness of ECs for smoking cessation is inconclusive, our meta-analyses suggest that ECs could be a promising alternative tool in attempts to achieve abstinence.

scholarly journals Acupuncture for post-stroke depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ran Liu ◽  
Kun Zhang ◽  
Qiu-yu Tong ◽  
Guang-wei Cui ◽  
Wen Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Quality Of Evidence ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Assessment Development ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Stroke Depression ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background Acupuncture for post-stroke depression (PSD) has been evolving, but uncertainty remains. To assess the existing evidence from randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of acupuncture for PSD, we sought to draw conclusions by synthesizing RCTs. Methods An exhaustive literature search was conducted in seven electronic databases from their inception dates to April 19, 2020, to identify systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MAs) on this topic. The primary RCTs included in the SRs/MAs were identified. We also conducted a supplementary search for RCTs published from January 1, 2015, to May 12, 2020. Two reviewers extracted data separately and pooled data using RevMan 5.3 software. The quality of evidence was critically appraised with the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system. Results A total of 17 RCTs involving 1402 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that participants who received a combination of acupuncture and conventional treatments exhibited significantly lower scores on the HAM-D17, HAM-D24 and HAM-D (MD, − 5.08 [95% CI, − 6.48 to − 3.67], I2 = 0%), (MD, − 9.72 [95% CI, − 14.54 to − 4.91], I2 = 65%) and (MD, − 2.72 [95% CI, − 3.61 to − 1.82], respectively) than those who received conventional treatment. However, there was no significant difference in acupuncture versus antidepressants in terms of the 17-item, 24-item and HAM-D scales (MD, − 0.43 [95% CI, − 1.61 to 0.75], I2 = 51%), (MD, − 3.09 [95% CI, − 10.81 to 4.63], I2 = 90%) and (MD, − 1.55 [95% CI, − 4.36 to 1.26], I2 = 95%, respectively). For adverse events, acupuncture was associated with fewer adverse events than antidepressants (RR, 0.16 [95% CI, 0.07 to 0.39], I2 = 35%), but there was no significant difference in the occurrence of adverse events between the combination of acupuncture and conventional treatments versus conventional treatments (RR, 0.63 [95% CI, 0.21 to 1.83], I2 = 38%). The quality of evidence was low to very low due to the substantial heterogeneity among the included studies. Conclusions The current review indicates that acupuncture has greater effect on PSD and better safety profile than antidepressants, but high-quality evidence evaluating acupuncture for PSD is still needed.

scholarly journals Changing gloves during cesarean section for prevention of postoperative infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siwanon Rattanakanokchai ◽  
Nuntasiri Eamudomkarn ◽  
Nampet Jampathong ◽  
Bao-Yen Luong-Thanh ◽  
Chumnan Kietpeerakool
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Postoperative Infections ◽  
Quality Of Evidence ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Incisional Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Grade Approach ◽  
Febrile Morbidity

AbstractThis systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess associations between changing gloves during cesarean section (CS) and postoperative infection. A literature search was conducted using the major electronic databases MEDLINE, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, PubMed, CINAHL, and CENTRAL from their inception to September 2020. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing glove change during CS to no glove change were included. Outcomes of interest were endometritis, febrile morbidity, and incisional surgical site infection (SSI). GRADE approach was applied to assess the quality of evidence. Ten reports of six studies involving 1707 participants were included in the analyses. Glove change was associated with a reduction in the risk of incisional SSI following CS (pooled RR 0.49, 95% CI 0.30, 0.78; moderate quality of evidence). Compared to no glove change, glove change during CS did not reduce the risks of endometritis (pooled RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.80, 1.24; low quality of evidence) or febrile morbidity (pooled RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.43, 1.71; very low quality of evidence). Changing gloves during CS was associated with a decreased risk of incisional SSI. The risks of postoperative endometritis and febrile morbidity were not altered by changing gloves.

Mindfulness- and Acceptance-Based Interventions for Stroke Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 003435522110432
Author(s):  
Areum Han
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Mental Fatigue ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Meta Analyses

Objective: Mindfulness- and acceptance-based intervention (MABI) is an emerging evidenced-based practice, but no systematic review incorporating meta-analyses for MABIs in stroke survivors has been conducted. The objective of this systematic review was to measure the effectiveness of MABIs on outcomes in people with stroke. Method: Three electronic databases, including PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO, were searched to identify relevant studies published in peer-reviewed journals. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed. Data were extracted and combined in a meta-analysis with a random-effect model to compute the size of the intervention effect. Results: A total of 11 studies met the eligibility criteria. Meta-analyses found a small-to-moderate effect of MABIs on depressive symptoms (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.12, 0.66]) and a large effect on mental fatigue (SMD = 1.22, 95% CI = [0.57, 1.87]). No statistically significant effect of MABIs on anxiety, quality of life, and mindfulness was found, but there was a trend in favor of MABIs overall. Conclusions: This meta-analysis found positive effects of MABIs on depressive symptoms and mental fatigue in stroke survivors, but future high-quality studies are needed to guarantee treatment effects of MABIs on varied outcomes in stroke survivors.

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