scholarly journals Subacute Ingestion of Caffeine and Oolong Tea Increases Fat Oxidation without Affecting Energy Expenditure and Sleep Architecture: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blinded Cross-Over Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3671
Author(s):  
Simeng Zhang ◽  
Jiro Takano ◽  
Norihito Murayama ◽  
Morie Tominaga ◽  
Takashi Abe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Tea Consumption ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Postprandial State ◽  
Oolong Tea ◽  
Sleep Recording ◽  
Double Blinded

Ingesting oolong tea or caffeine acutely increases energy expenditure, and oolong tea, but not caffeine, stimulates fat oxidation. The acute effects of caffeine, such as increased heart rate and interference with sleep, diminish over 1–4 days, known as caffeine tolerance. During each 14-day session of the present study, 12 non-obese males consumed oolong tea (100 mg caffeine, 21.4 mg gallic acid, 97 mg catechins and 125 mg polymerized polyphenol), caffeine (100 mg), or placebo at breakfast and lunch. On day 14 of each session, 24-h indirect calorimetry and polysomnographic sleep recording were performed. Caffeine and oolong tea increased fat oxidation by ~20% without affecting energy expenditure over 24-h. The decrease in the respiratory quotient by oolong tea was greater than that by caffeine during sleep. The effect of oolong tea on fat oxidation was salient in the post-absorptive state. These findings suggest a role of unidentified ingredients in oolong tea to stimulate fat oxidation, and this effect is partially suppressed in a postprandial state. Two weeks of caffeine or oolong tea ingestion increased fat oxidation without interfering with sleep. The effects of subacute ingestion of caffeine and oolong tea differed from the acute effects, which is a particularly important consideration regarding habitual tea consumption.

scholarly journals Acute Ingestion of a Mixed Flavonoid and Caffeine Supplement Increases Energy Expenditure and Fat Oxidation in Adult Women: A Randomized, Crossover Clinical Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2665 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Nieman ◽  
Andy Simonson ◽  
Camila A. Sakaguchi ◽  
Wei Sha ◽  
Tondra Blevins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Mixed Linear Model ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Split Dose ◽  
Metabolic Chamber ◽  
Bilberry Extract ◽  
Double Blinded

This randomized, double-blinded, crossover study measured the acute effect of ingesting a mixed flavonoid-caffeine (MFC) supplement compared to placebo (PL) on energy expenditure (EE) and fat oxidation (FATox) in a metabolic chamber with premenopausal women (n = 19, mean ± SD, age 30.7 ± 8.0 year, BMI 25.7 ± 3.4 kg/m2). The MFC supplement (658 mg flavonoids, split dose 8:30, 13:00) contained quercetin, green tea catechins, and anthocyanins from bilberry extract, and 214 mg caffeine. Participants were measured twice in a metabolic chamber for a day, four weeks apart, with outcomes including 22 h EE (8:30–6:30), substrate utilization from the respiratory quotient (RQ), plasma caffeine levels (16:00), and genotyping for the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs762551. Areas under the curve (AUC) for metabolic data from the MFC and PL trials were calculated using the trapezoid rule, with a mixed linear model (GLM) used to evaluate the overall treatment effect. The 22 h oxygen consumption and EE were significantly higher with MFC than PL (1582 ± 143, 1535 ± 154 kcal/day, respectively, p = 0.003, trial difference of 46.4 ± 57.8 kcal/day). FATox trended higher for MFC when evaluated using GLM (99.2 ± 14.0, 92.4 ± 14.4 g/22 h, p = 0.054). Plasma caffeine levels were significantly higher in the MFC versus PL trial (5031 ± 289, 276 ± 323 ng/mL, respectively, p < 0.001). Trial differences for 22 h EE and plasma caffeine were unrelated after controlling for age and body mass (r = −0.249, p = 0.139), and not different for participants with the homozygous allele 1, A/A, compared to C/A and C/C (p = 0.50 and 0.56, respectively). In conclusion, EE was higher for MFC compared to PL, and similar to effects estimated from previous trials using caffeine alone. A small effect of the MFC on FATox was measured, in contrast to inconsistent findings previously reported for this caffeine dose. The trial variance for 22 h EE was not significantly related to the variance in plasma caffeine levels or CYP1A2*1F allele carriers and non-carriers.

scholarly journals Acute Effects of Capsaicin on Energy Expenditure and Fat Oxidation in Negative Energy Balance

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e67786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pilou L. H. R. Janssens ◽  
Rick Hursel ◽  
Eveline A. P. Martens ◽  
Margriet S. Westerterp-Plantenga
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Negative Energy Balance ◽  
Acute Effects

Role of alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors in sympathetically mediated thermogenesis

1993 ◽  
Vol 264 (1) ◽  
pp. E11-E17 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. Blaak ◽  
M. A. van Baak ◽  
K. P. Kempen ◽  
W. H. Saris
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Beta Adrenoceptor ◽  
Beta 2 ◽  
Body Energy ◽  
Stimulation Of

This study was intended to investigate the role of alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor populations in the sympathetically mediated thermogenesis in healthy lean males. In the first study, the beta 1-, beta 2-, and beta 3-agonist isoprenaline was infused in increasing doses with and without simultaneous infusion of the beta 1-blocker atenolol (Iso and Iso+AT, respectively). There was an increase in whole body energy expenditure (EE) after infusing Iso+AT (P < 0.001) and an almost twofold higher increase after infusion of Iso only (P < 0.001). Stimulation of the beta 2-adrenoceptors by a specific agonist (salbutamol) resulted in a significant increase in EE (P < 0.001). The effect of stimulation of alpha 1-adrenoceptors on EE was measured by infusing increasing doses of the alpha 1-agonist phenylephrine. EE did not change, whereas blood pressure (BP) increased (P < 0.001) and heart rate decreased (P < 0.01). In addition to this study, the alpha 1-, alpha 2-, beta 1-, beta 2-, and beta 3-agonists norepinephrine and epinephrine were infused with simultaneous infusion of the beta 1- and beta 2-blocker propranolol. In both studies, there was no effect on EE, whereas BP increased (P < 0.01). In conclusion, in healthy male lean volunteers both beta 1- and beta 2-adrenoceptors are involved in the sympathetically mediated thermogenesis, whereas the alpha 1-, alpha 2-, and beta 3-adrenoceptors do not play a role.

scholarly journals Effect of moderate intakes of different tea catechins and caffeine on acute measures of energy metabolism under sedentary conditions

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (8) ◽  
pp. 1187-1194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaj T. Gregersen ◽  
Christian Bitz ◽  
Inger Krog-Mikkelsen ◽  
Ole Hels ◽  
Eva M. R. Kovacs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Mode Of Application ◽  
G 12 ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
Sedentary Conditions

Green tea may stimulate energy metabolism; however, it is unclear if acute effects are caused by specific catechins, caffeine or their combination. The objective of the present study was to examine the separate and combined effects of different catechins and caffeine on energy expenditure (EE) and fat oxidation over a single day. Fifteen healthy, normal-weight males received capsules containing placebo, caffeine alone (150 mg), or caffeine plus a catechin mixture (600 mg) enriched in either epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), epigallocatechin or a mix of catechins, in a randomised cross-over double-blinded design. On each test day EE, respiratory quotient (RQ) and substrate oxidation were measured under sedentary conditions in a respiratory chamber for 13·5 h. We found no significant treatment effect on EE (P = 0·20) or RQ (P = 0·68). EGCG with caffeine insignificantly raised EE and fat oxidation v. caffeine-only and placebo (EE 5·71 (se 0·12) v. 5·68 (se 0·14) v. 5·59 (se 0·13) MJ/12·5 h, respectively; fat oxidation 84·8 (se 5·2) v. 80·7 (se 4·7) v. 76·8 (se 4·0) g/12·5 h). Catechin/caffeine combinations at these dosages and mode of application had non-significant acute effects on EE and fat oxidation. The maximum observed effect on EE of about 2 % could still be meaningful for energy balance over much longer period of exposure. However, higher short-term effects reported in the literature may reflect variations in green tea extracts, added caffeine, or synergies with physical activity. The specific mechanisms and conditions that may underpin observed longer-term benefits of catechin-enriched green tea consumption on body composition remain to be confirmed.

The Role of the Baroreceptor Reflex in the Cardiovascular Effects of Propranolol in the Conscious Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat

1979 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. J. Struyker-Boudier ◽  
J. F. Smits ◽  
H. Van Essen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Hypotensive Effect ◽  
Baroreceptor Reflex ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive

1. The role of baroreceptors in the cardiovascular mechanism of action of dl-propranolol has been studied by comparing the acute effects of subcutaneous injection of 1 and 5 mg/kg (3·3 × 10−6 and 16·5 × 10−6 mol/kg) of this drug in conscious baroreceptor-denervated spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats with those in sham-operated control SH rats. 2. At 5 mg/kg (16·5 × 10−6 mol/kg) propranolol caused a small, but significant, increase in blood pressure in sham-operated SH rats, whereas both after 1 and 5 mg/kg (3·3 × 10−6 and 16·5 × 10−6 mol/kg) immediate hypotension was observed in baroreceptor-denervated animals. 3. Heart rate dropped rapidly after injection of 1 or 5 mg/kg (3·3 × 10−6 and 16·5 × 10−6 mol/kg) propranolol both in the baroreceptor-denervated and sham-operated SH rats. Bradycardia was significantly larger in the baroreceptor-denervated animals after an injection of 5 mg/kg (16·5 × 10−6 mol/kg). 4. It is concluded that the lack of an early hypotensive effect of propranolol in intact animals is caused by an increased baroreceptor reflex activity as a consequence of the fall in cardiac output.

scholarly journals The Role of Catechol-O-Methyl Transferase Val(108/158)Met Polymorphism (rs4680) in the Effect of Green Tea on Resting Energy Expenditure and Fat Oxidation: A Pilot Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e106220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rick Hursel ◽  
Pilou L. H. R. Janssens ◽  
Freek G. Bouwman ◽  
Edwin C. Mariman ◽  
Margriet S. Westerterp-Plantenga
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Methyl Transferase ◽  
Resting Energy

scholarly journals Differences in postprandial responses to fat and carbohydrate loads in habitual high and low fat consumers (phenotypes)

2002 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Blundell ◽  
J. Cooling ◽  
N. A. King
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Carbohydrate Ingestion ◽  
Carbohydrate Load ◽  
Male Subjects

The present study investigated metabolic responses to fat and carbohydrate ingestion in lean male individuals consuming an habitual diet high or low in fat. Twelve high-fat phenotypes (HF) and twelve low-fat phenotypes (LF) participated in the study. Energy intake and macronutrient intake variables were assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. Resting (RMR) and postprandial metabolic rate and substrate oxidation (respiratory quotient; RQ) were measured by indirect calorimetry. HF had a significantly higher RMR and higher resting heart rate than LF. These variables remained higher in HF following the macronutrient challenge. In all subjects the carbohydrate load increased metabolic rate and heart rate significantly more than the fat load. Fat oxidation (indicated by a low RQ) was significantly higher in HF than in LF following the fat load; the ability to oxidise a high carbohydrate load did not differ between the groups. Lean male subjects consuming a diet high in fat were associated with increased energy expenditure at rest and a relatively higher fat oxidation in response to a high fat load; these observations may be partly responsible for maintaining energy balance on a high-fat (high-energy) diet. In contrast, a low consumer of fat is associated with relatively lower energy expenditure at rest and lower fat oxidation, which has implications for weight gain if high-fat foods or meals are periodically introduced to the diet.

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