scholarly journals Longitudinal Changes in Food Addiction Symptoms and Body Weight among Adults in a Behavioral Weight-Loss Program

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3687
Author(s):  
Eliza L. Gordon ◽  
Lisa J. Merlo ◽  
Patricia E. Durning ◽  
Michael G. Perri
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Food Addiction ◽  
Weight Loss Program ◽  
Behavioral Weight Loss ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
Over Time

Interest in food addiction (FA) has increased, but little is known about its clinical implications or potential treatments. Using secondary analyses from a randomized controlled trial, we evaluated the associations between changes in FA, body weight, and “problem food” consumption during a 22-month behavioral weight-loss program consisting of an initial four-month in-person intervention, 12-month extended-care, and six-month follow-up (n = 182). Food addiction was measured using the Yale Food Addiction Scale. “Problem foods” were identified from the literature and self-reporting. Multilevel modeling was used as the primary method of analysis. We hypothesized that reductions in problem food consumption during the initial treatment phase would be associated with long-term (22-month) FA reductions. As expected, we found that reductions in problem foods were associated with greater initial reductions in FA symptoms; however, they were also associated with a sharper rebound in symptoms over time (p = 0.016), resulting in no significant difference at Month 22 (p = 0.856). Next, we hypothesized that long-term changes in FA would be associated with long-term changes in body weight. Although both FA and weight decreased over time (ps < 0.05), month-to-month changes in FA were not associated with month-to-month changes in weight (p = 0.706). Instead, higher overall FA (i.e., mean scores over the course of the study) were associated with less weight loss (p = 0.008) over time. Finally, we hypothesized that initial reductions in problem food consumption would be associated with long-term reductions in weight, but this relationship was not significant (ps > 0.05). Given the complexity of the findings, more research is needed to identify interventions for long-term changes in FA and to elucidate the associations between problem foods, FA, and weight.

scholarly journals The effect of adherence to a smartphone app use on long-term effectiveness of weight loss in developing and OECD countries (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Youl Rhee ◽  
Myeung Hee Han
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Smartphone App ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Over Time

BACKGROUND Behavioral change interventions using smartphone applications (apps) have rapidly increased worldwide to prevent non-communicable diseases. However, most previous studies on the use and effectiveness of apps have been conducted in OECD countries, and rarely in developing countries. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to compare the characteristics of long-term use of an app and examine the effects of app use on body weight changes over time between developing and OECD countries. METHODS Secondary data analysis was conducted with the repeated measures. Data were collected from users (n=312) in developing countries and users (n=8041) in OECD countries who used the app for 12-month. The app provided programs for self-monitoring of physical activity, dietary intake, and body weight. Descriptive statistics, independent T-tests, Chi-square tests and linear mixed models were used for analysis. RESULTS Body weight of overall users significantly decreased over time (-1.79kg, P <.001), however, there was no statistically significant difference in the change of body weight for 12-month between developing and OECD countries (β= -.16, P=.189). The changes in body weight over time (from baseline to 12 months) differed by gender (β= -19.01, P <.001). In addition, users who frequently monitored their lunch (β= -0.1, P <.001), dinner (β= -0.1, P <.001), body weight (β= -0.1, P <.001), evening snack (β= -0.1, P <.001), and exercise (β= -0.03, P <.001) showed significant weight loss over time. CONCLUSIONS This study found that smartphone app could be effective tools for self-monitoring of health-related behaviors and achieving weight loss regardless of the level of development of the user’s country of residence.

Can self-reported body weight be used to evaluate long-term follow-up of a weight-loss program?

1987 ◽  
Vol 87 (9) ◽  
pp. 1198-1201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grethe S. Tell ◽  
Robert W. Jeffery ◽  
F. Matthew Kramer ◽  
Mary Kaye Snell
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Loss Program ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

scholarly journals Physical Activity Enhancement to a Behavioral Weight Loss Program for Severely Obese Individuals: A Preliminary Investigation

ISRN Obesity ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica L. Unick ◽  
Kevin C. O'Leary ◽  
Dale S. Bond ◽  
Rena R. Wing
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Weight Loss Program ◽  
Behavioral Weight Loss ◽  
Severely Obese ◽  
Vigorous Intensity ◽  
Activity Enhancement ◽  
The Difference

Severe obesity is characterized by low physical activity (PA) and interventions to enhance PA are needed. Participants (45.0 ± 3.9 kg/m2) were randomized to a 6-month standard behavioral weight loss program (SBWL; n = 14) or SBWL+technology (SBWL+TECH; n = 15). Both groups received identical SBWL treatment and SBWL+TECH also received a wearable PA monitor, providing “real-time” feedback, and website access to monitor energy balance. 6-month retention was similar between groups (SBWL: 12/13 versus SBWL+TECH: 11/14 completers; P = 0.19) and adherence to wearing the armband was excellent (91.3% of days). Although differences in PA between groups did not meet conventional thresholds of significance, SBWL+TECH increased their moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA by 132.9 ± 216.8 min/week, which was 3 times greater than SBWL (44.8 ± 124.3 min/week; P = 0.27; Cohen’s d = 0.50). There was a trend for SBWL+TECH to self-monitor for a greater proportion of days compared to SBWL (86.2 ± 21.4% versus 71.5 ± 19.4%; P = 0.098; Cohen’s d = 0.72). The difference in weight loss between groups was modest (SBWL+TECH: −10.0 ± 7.1% versus SBWL: −7.8 ± 6.7%; P = 0.46). These preliminary findings suggest that PA monitors may be one strategy for increasing PA among the severely obese. Larger, long-term trials are needed.

The Benefits of a Weight Loss Contest in Overweight and Obese College Students

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Ferrara ◽  
Christine St. Laurent ◽  
Thomas Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
College Students ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
Long Term Changes

The purpose of this study was to examine whether a weight loss contest would result in changes in body composition in college students. Students were invited to participate in a semester-long weight loss contest. Monthly “weigh-ins” included body weight, body mass index (BMI), percent fat, and circumference measurements. Thirty-nine participants registered for the contest. Only 41% of the original participants attended at least four weigh-ins ( n = 16). Those participants who attended at least four weigh-ins attended more education and exercise sessions than the other participants and significantly reduced their weight, BMI, percent fat, waist, and waist-to-hip ratio over the semester-long contest. Percent change in weight was associated with education ( r = –.39) and exercise sessions attended ( r = –.41). In conclusion, campus-based weight loss contests can be successful in promoting weight loss, although additional studies are needed to determine what factors increase adherence and whether such programs promote long-term changes in physical activity and diet.

scholarly journals Can a Nordic diet be implemented as a new strategy for successful long-term weight loss maintenance in subjects with obesity?

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lieselotte Cloetens ◽  
Åsa Sedin ◽  
Mona Landin-Olsson
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sagittal Abdominal Diameter ◽  
Nordic Diet ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractIntroductionA key problem in all weight-loss programs to fight obesity is the extent to which the body weight is maintained on a long-term basis. The study examines whether the 1-year consumption of healthy Nordic foods can result in better sustainable weight control compared to a control diet.Material and methodsAfter a successful 6-week VLCD period in obese subjects (n = 80, 52 ± 10y, BMI 34.4 ± 3.1 kg/m2, 69% female; 93% completers, -10.9 ± 3.0 kg, p < 0.001), the subjects were randomized to a new Nordic diet (NND) and a traditional Nordic diet (TND) group. The following 1-year period was a body weight maintenance period where the diets were implemented ad libitum. Weight, BMI, waist circumference and sagittal abdominal diameter were measured at 0 (immediately after VLCD), 6 and 12 months. Results are reported as mean ± SEM. Differences in the anthropometric parameters between the diets at different time points compared to the start of the dietary intervention were statistically evaluated using a general linear model (GLM-ANOVA, Minitab Inc.).ResultsForty-three subjects were randomized to NND and 37 to TND. In the NND group, 31 subjects completed the 6-month visit and 30 subjects 12-month visit. In the TND group, 24 and 21 completed 6-month and 12-month visit, respectively. We observed a non-significant difference in weight change at 6 months between NND (0.04 ± 0.87kg) and TND (2.65 ± 1.08kg). At 12 months, the weight change was significantly different between the diets (NND 1.94 ± 0.99 kg and TND 5.69 ± 1.41 kg, p = 0.029, R2 = 9.39). Change in the BMI at 12 months was significantly lower for NND (0.65 ± 0.33 kg/m2) compared to TND (1.87 ± 0.46 kg/m2, p = 0.034, R2 = 8.87) but not at 6 months (0.01 ± 0.30 kg/m2 for NND and 0.84 ± 0.36 kg/m2 for TND). Differences in waist circumference (at 6 months 0.26 ± 0.93 cm for NND and 3.30 ± 1.45 cm for TND; at 12 months 1.04 ± 1.01 cm for NND and 3.85 ± 1.79 cm for TND) were not statistically different. The sagittal abdominal diameter was borderline statistically different at 6 months (NND -0.28 ± 0.29 cm and TND 0.49 ± 0.22 cm, p = 0.049, R2 = 7.09) but not at 12 months (NND 0.41 ± 0.38 cm and TND 1.23 ± + 0.42cm).ConclusionResults show a tendency that the type of diet has an impact on successful weight maintenance, with a benefit for the NND. Further statistical analyses including dietary compliance and biomarkers are needed and will be performed. Moreover, the study is ongoing with a total of 2-year follow-up.

scholarly journals SAT-575 Association Between Baseline Fitness and Changes in Physical Activity and Weight Loss in an 18-Month Behavioral Weight Loss Program

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnin Zaman ◽  
Danielle M Ostendorf ◽  
Zhaoxing Pan ◽  
Seth A Creasy ◽  
Brian L Stauffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
Weight Loss Program ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Behavioral Weight Loss ◽  
Supervised Exercise ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Baseline Fitness

Abstract BACKGROUND: Baseline cardiovascular fitness may be a significant predictor of future success in a comprehensive behavioral weight loss program (BWLP). Yet, few studies have examined the association between baseline fitness and future weight loss. PURPOSE: To determine the association between baseline fitness and changes in body weight and device-measured levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) during a BWLP. METHODS: Adults (n=85) were enrolled in an 18-month BWLP combining a calorie-restricted diet, group-based behavioral support, and 6 months of supervised exercise (progressing to 300 min/wk of moderate-intensity) followed by 12 months of unsupervised exercise. Data from 60 completers (age 41.0±9.5 years, BMI 34.6±4.2 kg/m2, 80% female) were used in this analysis. MVPA was measured over 1 week with the Sensewear Armband at months 0, 6, 12, and 18. Fitness (VO2max) was measured on a treadmill using indirect calorimetry and categorized based on published age and sex norms (Physical Fitness Specialist Certification Manual, 1997). A linear mixed effects model with unstructured covariance was used to examine the association between baseline fitness category and changes in body weight, total MVPA, and MVPA in bouts ≥10 min at the four time points. RESULTS: Of the 60 completers, 33% (n=20) were classified as having very poor fitness, 45% (n=27) poor, 18% (n=11) fair, 3% (n=2) good, and 0% (n=0) excellent or superior. Due to the low proportion of participants categorized as having fair or better fitness, we created a binary fitness variable (very poor vs. poor or better). Baseline BMI was higher in those in the very poor category compared to those in the poor or better category (36.2±4.2 vs 33.7±4.0, p=0.03). There were no significant differences between the two fitness categories in weight change at 6 or 12 months. However, at 18 months, mean weight loss was 4.3±1.7 kg in those in the very poor category and 8.2±1.2 kg in those in the poor or better category, with a marginally significant between-group difference (p=0.07). There were no differences in changes in total or bout MVPA. However, those with very poor fitness had lower bout MVPA at baseline vs. those with poor or better fitness (16±20 vs 33±31 min/d, p=0.03). At 18 months, both groups increased bout MVPA, however bout MVPA remained lower in the very poor vs. poor or better group (24±29 vs 42±29 min/d, p=0.03). Total MVPA showed a similar pattern. CONCLUSION: Baseline fitness may moderate 18-month weight loss, as those with very poor fitness lost less weight compared to those with poor or better fitness levels. Those with poor or better fitness at baseline achieved significantly higher mean levels of MVPA at 18 months compared to those with very poor fitness. Participants with very poor fitness at baseline may require additional exercise support during a BWLP to achieve the high levels of MVPA recommended for weight loss maintenance.

Relationships Between Learned Self-Regulatory Skills and Changes in Weight-Loss Behaviors: Mediation by Barriers Self-Efficacy

2020 ◽  
pp. 263207702097514
Author(s):  
James J. Annesi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Behavioral Weight Loss ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
Weight Loss Treatments

This study aimed to assess changes in learned self-regulatory skills and barriers self-efficacy associated with theory-based behavioral weight-loss treatments with different curricular emphases, and to evaluate mechanisms of short- and long-term changes in exercise and eating behaviors via self-regulatory skills usage to inform theory and improve lagging intervention effects. Women with obesity volunteered and were randomly allocated into 1-year community-based behavioral weight-loss treatments with either a high ( n = 37) or moderate ( n = 41) focus on building self-regulatory skills to overcome lifestyle barriers. They were periodically assessed on measures of exercise- and eating-related self-regulatory skill usage, exercise- and eating-related barriers self-efficacy, exercise outputs, fruit/vegetable intake, and body composition. Reductions in weight and waist circumference, increases in exercise- and eating-related self-regulation and barriers self-efficacy, and increases in exercise and fruit/vegetable intake were each significant overall, and significantly greater in the group with a high self-regulatory skills-building focus. Change in barriers self-efficacy significantly mediated relationships between self-regulation change and changes in exercise outputs and fruit/vegetable intake from both baseline–Month 6 and baseline–Month 12. Change in barriers self-efficacy also significantly mediated relationships between change in self-regulation for eating from baseline–Month 3 and long-term changes in self-regulation for eating. Findings supported tenets of social cognitive, self-efficacy, and self-regulation theories: and indicated the importance of emphasizing, and facilitating a high amount of instruction and rehearsal time for self-regulatory skills development within behavioral weight-loss treatments. The ability to nurture self-efficacy through overcoming lifestyle barriers was also indicated.

scholarly journals A clinical course of a patient with anorexia nervosa receiving surgery for superior mesenteric artery syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Kurisu ◽  
Yukari Yamanaka ◽  
Tadahiro Yamazaki ◽  
Ryo Yoneda ◽  
Makoto Otani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Superior Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Nutrition Therapy ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Sma Syndrome

Abstract Background Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is a well-known but relatively rare complication of anorexia nervosa. Although several reports have proposed surgery for SMA syndrome associated with anorexia nervosa, these have shown poor outcomes or did not reveal the long-term weight course. Thus, the long-term effectiveness of surgery for SMA syndrome in such cases remains unclear. This case report describes a patient with anorexia nervosa who underwent surgery for SMA syndrome. Case presentation An 18-year-old woman presented with anorexia nervosa when she was 16 years old. She also presented with SMA syndrome, which seemed to be caused by weight loss due to the eating disorder. Nutrition therapy initially improved her body weight, but she ceased treatment. She reported that symptoms related to SMA syndrome had led to her weight loss and desired to undergo surgery. Laparoscopic duodenojejunostomy was performed, but her body weight did not improve after the surgery. The patient eventually received conservative nutritional treatment along with psychological approaches, which led to an improvement in her body weight. Conclusions The case implies that surgery for SMA syndrome in patients with anorexia nervosa is ineffective for long-term weight recovery and that conservative treatment can sufficiently improve body weight; this is consistent with the lack of evidence on the topic and reports on potential complications of surgery. Due to difficulties in assessing psychological status, consultation with specialists on eating disorders is necessary for treating patients with severely low body weight.

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