scholarly journals Are Homemade and Commercial Infant Foods Different? A Nutritional Profile and Food Variety Analysis in Spain

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 777
Author(s):  
Maria Jose Bernal ◽  
Sergio Roman ◽  
Michelle Klerks ◽  
Juan Francisco Haro-Vicente ◽  
Luis Manuel Sanchez-Siles
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Food Diary ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Developmental Needs ◽  
Infant Foods ◽  
Nutritional Profile ◽  
Yellow Orange ◽  
Food Variety

Complementary feeding (CF) is an important determinant of early and later life nutrition with great implications for the health status and the development of an adequate growth. Parents can choose between homemade foods (HMFs) and/or commercial infant foods (CIFs). There is no consistent evidence as to whether HMFs provide a better nutritional profile and variety over CIFs. The aim of this study was to compare the nutritional profiles and food variety of HMFs versus CIFs in the Spanish market targeted for infants (6–11 months) and young children (12–18 months). Thirty mothers with their children aged 6 to 18 months were included in this cross-sectional study, following a 3-day weighed food diary of which HMFs were collected and chemically analyzed. HMFs meals for infant provided significantly lower energy, higher protein and higher fiber, for young children provided significantly higher protein and fiber than CIFs meals. HMFs fruit purees for infant shown significantly higher fiber and for young children provided higher energy than CIFs. HMFs meals contained a significantly greater number of different vegetables than CIFs meals (3.7 vs. 3.3), with carrot as the most frequently used in both. However, in CIFs fruit purees shown higher different fruits than HMFs, in both the banana was the fruit most frequently used. There was a predominance of meat and lack of oily fish and legumes in both HMFs and CIFs meals. HMFs and CIFs were equally characterized by a soft texture and yellow-orange colours. Importantly, our findings emphasize the need for clear guidelines for the preparation of HMFs as well as the promotion of food variety (taste and textures) in both HMFs and CIFs to suit infants’ and young children’s nutritional and developmental needs.

scholarly journals Distribution of Refractive Errors among Healthy Infants and Young Children between the Age of 6 to 36 Months in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia—A Pilot Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (23) ◽  
pp. 4730
Author(s):  
Arifah Nur Yahya ◽  
Sharanjeet Sharanjeet-Kaur ◽  
Saadah Mohamed Akhir
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
Clear Vision ◽  
The Right ◽  
Uncorrected Refractive Error ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Uncorrected refractive error, especially myopia, in young children can cause permanent visual impairment in later life. However, data on the normative development of refractive error in this age group is limited, especially in Malaysia. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of refractive error in a sample of infants and young children between the ages of 6 to 36 months in a prospective, cross-sectional study. Cycloplegic retinoscopy was conducted on both eyes of 151 children of mean age 18.09 ± 7.95 months. Mean spherical equivalent refractive error for the right and left eyes was +0.85 ± 0.97D and +0.86 ± 0.98D, respectively. The highest prevalence of refractive error was astigmatism (26%), followed by hyperopia (12.7%), myopia (1.3%) and anisometropia (0.7%). There was a reduction of hyperopic refractive error with increasing age. Myopia was seen to emerge at age 24 months. In conclusion, the prevalence of astigmatism and hyperopia in infants and young children was high, but that of myopia and anisometropia was low. There was a significant reduction in hyperopic refractive error towards emmetropia with increasing age. It is recommended that vision screening be conducted early to correct significant refractive error that may cause disruption to clear vision.

scholarly journals The Relation between Age of Retirement and Frailty in Later Life? A Cross-Sectional Study in Flemish Older Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 104473
Author(s):  
Michael C.J. Van der Elst ◽  
Birgitte Schoenmakers ◽  
Dominique Verté ◽  
Liesbeth De Donder ◽  
Nico De Witte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Prevalence of septal deviation in newborns: an institutional based cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 481
Author(s):  
Deep Jyoti ◽  
Pallvi Sharma ◽  
Ashu Jamwal ◽  
Arti .
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Septum ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Common Condition ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Routine Examination ◽  
Deviated Nasal Septum ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting

<p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Background: </span></strong>Deviated nasal septum (DNS) is a common condition with various factors affecting its occurrence. The study was aimed to find the prevalence of DNS in newborns.</p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Methods: </span></strong>The present study was a cross sectional study conducted in the SMGS hospital, GMC Jammu. A sample size of 200 newborns, less than 7 days of age were included in the study. 200 newborns in the postnatal wards were examined in the present cross-section observational study including the age ranging from 1 day to 5 days.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Results: </span></strong>Prevalence of DNS in the present study was 29%. 103 babies were born to the primipara mothers out of which 39 (37.86%) had DNS while only 19 (19.58%) out of 97 babies born to the multipara mothers had the DNS. The newborns with higher birth weight had higher incidence of having DNS. 41.17% of the newborns with weight of &gt;3 kg had DNS as compared to those in 2 to 2.5 kg group (17.28%) and &lt;2 kg group (11.76%).</p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Conclusions: </span></strong>DNS is a common finding since birth which may persist in later life. Routine examination of the newborns specifically regarding the nose should be done to detect the septal deviations at earliest so that active intervention can be done when required.</p>

scholarly journals Take-out food frequency was associated with energy intake among mothers of young children in urban slum area in North Jakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Fitya Safira Birahmatika ◽  
Dian Novita Chandra ◽  
Luh Ade Ari Wiradnyani
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Slum Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Nutrition

Introduction: Inadequate energy intake was prevalent among women of reproductive age, which may contribute to poor diet. Having great concern towards health and nutrition may play a role in shaping eating habit and food-related behavior to achieve a healthy diet. This study aims to examine the association between health concern and energy intake, while considering other factors such as cooking frequency and having food away from home.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in an urban slum area in Jakarta, involving 233 mothers of young children through consecutive sampling. Data was collected through interview using structured questionnaire, including 2x24-hour dietary recall. All statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Version 20.Results: Energy intake of most subjects did not meet the recommendation. There was no significant correlation between health concern measured by General Health Interest Scale and energy intake. The frequency of having take-out food was a significant predictor of the energy intake. Additionally, a significant negative correlation between health concern and having take-out food was found.Conclusion: Having take-out food was associated with energy intake. Provision of health and nutrition information in the food stores might help to increase health concern to shape a healthier diet. Thus, a collaborative effort targeting both food sellers and customers is essential.

scholarly journals Predictors of Parental Barriers to Reduce Excessive Child’s Screen Time Among Parents of Children Under Five Years of Age in Selangor: A Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elliza Mansor ◽  
Norliza Ahmad ◽  
Nor Afiah Mohd. Zulkefli
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Parental Attitudes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Parental Attitude ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Parental Barriers

BACKGROUND Globally, there is an increasing prevalence of excessive screen time exposure among young children, including Malaysia. Parents are advised to limit this exposure but there are barriers for many of them to follow this recommendation. To date, there is a lack of studies on the factors that cause these parental barriers. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the parental barrier towards the reduction of excessive child’s screen time and its predictors among parents of children under five years old in Petaling District, Selangor. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2019 to June 2020 among 789 parent-child dyads attending child health clinics in Petaling District, Selangor. Validated self-administered questionnaires were used to capture information on sociodemographic factors, parental influences, child-related factors, environmental factors, and parental barriers. Stratified sampling with probability proportionate to size was employed. Data were analysed with IBM SPSS version 25. Descriptive analysis and bivariate analysis were performed before multiple linear regression was used to identify the predictors of parental barriers. RESULTS The overall mean score of parental barriers was 3.51 ± 0.83, indicating that the average numbers of barriers experienced by parents were more than three. The multivariate analysis showed that the predictors of parental barriers included monthly household income (adjusted β: -0.031, 95% CI: -0.048 to -0.015), parents who worked in public sectors (adjusted β: 0.178, 95% CI: 0.063 to 0.292), positive parental attitude on screens (adjusted β: 0.684, 95% CI: 0.576 to 0.793), parents’ low self-efficacy to influence child’s physical activity (adjusted β: -0.318, 95% CI: -0.432 to -0.204), and child’s screen time (adjusted β: 0.042, 95% CI: 0.024 to 0.061). CONCLUSIONS The strongest predictor of the parental barriers to reduce excessive child’s screen time was the positive parental attitude on screen time. Thus, future intervention strategies should aim to foster correct parental attitudes towards screen time activities among young children.

Emotional Functioning and Sense of Hope as Contributors to Healthy Aging

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-260
Author(s):  
Amiya Waldman-Levi ◽  
Asnat Bar-Haim Erez ◽  
Noomi Katz ◽  
Jeanine M. Stancanelli
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Emotional Functioning ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Emotional Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Individual

Cognitive and physical factors affect participation in later life. It is imperative to explore the contribution of emotional factors on older adults’ participation and wellbeing. Seventy-eight older adults were recruited for this cross-sectional study and grouped based on their level of independence. Emotional functioning, hope, cognition, participation, and wellbeing were measured. Analyses of variance, correlational analysis, and prediction models were employed. Significant differences were found between independent and dependent older adults’ participation and wellbeing, F(2, 72) = 12.71, p < .00, η2 = .26. Independent older adults’ participation was predicted by cognition, β = 0.40, and hope, β = 0.58. Wellbeing was predicted by cognition, β = 0.39, emotional status, β = −0.46, and hope, β = 0.36. Dependent older adults’ wellbeing was predicted by emotional status, β = −0.68, and hope, β = 0.32. Occupational therapists play a key role in promoting healthy aging by incorporating psychosocial factors at the individual, community, and societal levels.

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