The Gut–Brain Axis and Its Role in Controlling Eating Behavior in Intestinal Inflammation

Malnutrition represents a major problem in the clinical management of the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Presently, our understanding of the cross-link between eating behavior and intestinal inflammation is still in its infancy. Crohn’s disease patients with active disease exhibit strong hedonic desires for food and emotional eating patterns possibly to ameliorate feelings of low mood, anxiety, and depression. Impulsivity traits seen in IBD patients may predispose them to palatable food intake as an immediate reward rather than concerns for future health. The upregulation of enteroendocrine cells (EEC) peptide response to food intake has been described in ileal inflammation, which may lead to alterations in gut–brain signaling with implications for appetite and eating behavior. In summary, a complex interplay of gut peptides, psychological, cognitive factors, disease-related symptoms, and inflammatory burden may ultimately govern eating behavior in intestinal inflammation.

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Association of Fatigue with Emotional-Eating Behavior and the Response to Mental Stress in Food Intake in a Young Adult Population

Behavioral Medicine ◽

10.1080/08964289.2013.833082 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 149-153 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Takahiro Yoshikawa ◽

Masaaki Tanaka ◽

Akira Ishii ◽

Yasuyoshi Watanabe

Keyword(s):

Young Adult ◽

Food Intake ◽

Eating Behavior ◽

Mental Stress ◽

Emotional Eating ◽

Adult Population ◽

Young Adult Population

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Quarantine During COVID-19 Outbreak: Eating Behavior, Perceived Stress, and Their Independently Associated Factors in a Brazilian Sample

Frontiers in Nutrition ◽

10.3389/fnut.2021.704619 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Juliana Costa Liboredo ◽

Lucilene Rezende Anastácio ◽

Lívia Garcia Ferreira ◽

Lívya Alves Oliveira ◽

Ceres Mattos Della Lucia

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

Eating Behavior ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Emotional Eating ◽

Online Survey ◽

Eating Behaviors ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Food Delivery ◽

Brazilian Sample

The study aimed to assess the eating behavior [uncontrolled eating (UE), emotional eating (EE), and cognitive restraint (CR)], the perceived stress, and independently associated factors among Brazilians during the COVID-19 pandemic. An online survey was conducted and data about 1,368 participants were evaluated. Multivariate logistic regression models were performed to identify factors independently associated (socioeconomic, lifestyle, and eating habits data) with eating behaviors and perceived stress. Working in the COVID-19 frontline (OR = 2.19), increased food delivery (OR = 1.49), increased food intake (OR = 1.48), increased number of meals (OR = 1.13), and EE (OR = 1.05) were factors independently associated with UE. Variables that were independently associated with EE were: increased food intake (OR = 2.57), graduation in a non-health-related course (OR = 1.78), perceived stress (OR = 1.08), UE (OR = 1.07), and CR (OR = 1.02). Reduced snacking (OR = 2.08), female gender (OR = 1.47), having a higher degree (OR = 1.44), increased homemade meals (OR = 1.31), the higher difference in the frequency of instant meals and snacks intake (OR = 0.91), EE (OR = 1.01), not increased alcohol dose intake (OR = 0.57), and increased physical activity (OR = 0.54) were independently associated with CR. Perceived stress was independently associated with changes in the way of working or studying (OR = 2.48), worse sleep quality (OR = 2.22), younger age (OR = 1.06), and EE (OR = 1.02). This study indicates that socioeconomic variables, lifestyle, and eating habits were independently associated with the eating behaviors of Brazilians and perceived stress during the quarantine.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of XBP1 links ER stress to intestinal inflammation and confers genetic risk for human inflammatory bowel disease.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1124101.793514444 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Ashish Patel

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽

Er Stress ◽

Bowel Disease ◽

Genetic Risk ◽

Intestinal Inflammation ◽

Human Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽

Inflammatory Bowel

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of XBP1 links ER stress to intestinal inflammation and confers genetic risk for human inflammatory bowel disease.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1124101.793504959 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Gwo-Tzer Ho

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽

Er Stress ◽

Bowel Disease ◽

Genetic Risk ◽

Intestinal Inflammation ◽

Human Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽

Inflammatory Bowel

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of XBP1 links ER stress to intestinal inflammation and confers genetic risk for human inflammatory bowel disease.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1124101.580251 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Tor Savidge

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽

Er Stress ◽

Bowel Disease ◽

Genetic Risk ◽

Intestinal Inflammation ◽

Human Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽

Inflammatory Bowel

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Oncostatin M drives intestinal inflammation and predicts response to tumor necrosis factor-neutralizing therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.727471255.793531335 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Sanjiv Luther

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽

Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽

Bowel Disease ◽

Tumor Necrosis ◽

Intestinal Inflammation ◽

Oncostatin M ◽

Inflammatory Bowel ◽

Necrosis Factor

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Oncostatin M drives intestinal inflammation and predicts response to tumor necrosis factor-neutralizing therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.727471255.793531087 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Lars Rogge

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽

Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽

Bowel Disease ◽

Tumor Necrosis ◽

Intestinal Inflammation ◽

Oncostatin M ◽

Inflammatory Bowel ◽

Necrosis Factor

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Nutritional status and food intake in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease at diagnosis significantly differs from healthy controls

European Journal of Pediatrics ◽

10.1007/s00431-019-03443-3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 178 (10) ◽

pp. 1519-1527 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sara Sila ◽

Ivana Trivić ◽

Ana Močić Pavić ◽

Tena Niseteo ◽

Sanja Kolaček ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽

Food Intake ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Bowel Disease ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Inflammatory Bowel

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Eating Behavior of Brazilian College Students: Influences of Lifestyle, Negative Affectivity, and Personal Characteristics

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.1177/0031512520983082 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 003151252098308

Author(s):

Bianca G. Martins ◽

Wanderson R. da Silva ◽

João Marôco ◽

Juliana A. D. B. Campos

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Eating Behavior ◽

Emotional Eating ◽

Eating Behaviors ◽

Structural Model ◽

Negative Affectivity ◽

Personal Characteristics ◽

Second Order ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

In this study we proposed to estimate the impact of lifestyle, negative affectivity, and college students’ personal characteristics on eating behavior. We aimed to verify that negative affectivity moderates the relationship between lifestyle and eating behavior. We assessed eating behaviors of cognitive restraint (CR), uncontrolled eating (UE), and emotional eating (EE)) with the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-18. We assessed lifestyle with the Individual Lifestyle Profile, and we assessed negative affectivity with the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21. We constructed and tested (at p < .05) a hypothetical causal structural model that considered global (second-order) and specific (first-order) lifestyle components, negative affectivity and sample characteristics for each eating behavior dimension. Participants were 1,109 college students ( M age = 20.9, SD = 2.7 years; 65.7% females). We found significant impacts of lifestyle second-order components on negative affectivity (β = −0.57–0.19; p < 0.001–0.01) in all models. Physical and psychological lifestyle components impacted directly only on CR (β=−0.32–0.81; p < 0.001). Negative affectivity impacted UE and EE (β = 0.23–0.30; p < 0.001). For global models, we found no mediation pathways between lifestyle and CR or UE. For specific models, negative affectivity was a mediator between stress management and UE (β=−0.07; p < 0.001). Negative affectivity also mediated the relationship between thoughts of dropping an undergraduate course and UE and EE (β = 0.06–0.08; p < 0.001). Participant sex and weight impacted all eating behavior dimensions (β = 0.08–0.34; p < 0.001–0.01). Age was significant for UE and EE (β=−0,14– −0.09; p < 0.001–0.01). Economic stratum influenced only CR (β = 0.08; p = 0.01). In sum, participants’ lifestyle, negative emotions and personal characteristics were all relevant for eating behavior assessment.

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