scholarly journals 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Prepubertal Overweight and Obese Children

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1597
Author(s):  
Lorena Villalba-Heredia ◽  
Cristina Comeras-Chueca ◽  
Alejandro González-Agüero ◽  
Daniel Domingo-del-Val ◽  
Pilar Calmarza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

Childhood obesity has become a major global health problem. Vitamin D deficiency and poor cardiorespiratory fitness are highly prevalent in children with overweight or obesity, but little is known about their relationships. In this study, we aimed to analyze the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and cardiorespiratory fitness parameters in prepubertal obese and overweight children. A cross-sectional design with a sample of 57 prepubertal children, aged 9–11 years, with overweight or obesity was used. The fasting concentration of 25(OH)D was analyzed with a chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. Fat and lean body masses were determined by using DXA. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) was measured with the maximal treadmill test. A total of 68.4% of the sample had sufficient levels of 25(OH)D. As expected, their cardiorespiratory fitness was poor compared with that of normal-weight children, but 60% of the group exceeded the median obesity-specific reference values. No differences were found between the sexes for relative VO2max or 25(OH)D levels. Moreover, no correlations were found between 25(OH)D and body composition or cardiorespiratory parameters for sex or vitamin D groups. Vitamin D status seems not to be directly related to body composition or cardiorespiratory fitness in prepubertal overweight or obese children.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Vitamin D Deficiency And Insulin Resistance In Obese Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Aidah Juliaty ◽  
Putri Lestari Gabrilasari ◽  
Dasril Daud ◽  
Johan Setyawan Lisal
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Deficiency Group

INTRODUCTION: Obesity represents the major risk factor for development of insulin resistance during childhood and adolescents. In obesity, adipose tissue release free fatty acids, various hormones, and cytokines, resulting in insulin resistance. This study aimed to establish the correlation between vitamin D deficiency and the incidence of insulin resistance in obese children. DESIGN AND METHOD: This analytical cross-sectional study was arranged from December 2019 - February 2020 included 96 students aged 11 - 17 years old from junior and senior high school who met the criteria for obesity in Makassar. The study subjects were parted into two groups, obese children with vitamin D deficiency (levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D ≤ 20 ng/ml) and obese children without vitamin D deficiency group (levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D > 20 ng/ml). Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis. RESULTS: The frequency of insulin resistance in obese children with vitamin D deficiency was 28 (54.9%), while obese children without vitamin D deficiency was 10 (22.2%). Based on statistical analysis, the frequency of the occurrence of insulin resistance in vitamin D deficiency obese children was higher than in obese children without vitamin D deficiency with OR = 4.261 (95% CI 1.744 – 10.411), p = 0.001. CONCLUSION: The risk of insulin resistance in obese children with vitamin D deficiency is 4.261 times higher than obese children without vitamin D deficiency.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Deficiency Is Common in Ghana despite Abundance of Sunlight: A Multicentre Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Samuel Asamoah Sakyi ◽  
Maxwell Hubert Antwi ◽  
Linda Ahenkorah Fondjo ◽  
Edwin Ferguson Laing ◽  
Richard K. Dadzie Ephraim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Background. Vitamin D is a steroid hormone important for the normal functioning of the body. It is produced through skin exposure to sunlight and from the diet. Although Ghana is located in the tropics where sunlight is abundant, factors like culture, diet, skin pigmentation, variation in the ozone layer, and geographical area influence the optimization of vitamin D concentration. It is imperative to evaluate the interplay between sunshine exposure, proinflammatory cytokines, and mediators of vitamin D metabolism and their relationship to vitamin D status in three geographical sections among apparent healthy Ghanaians. Methods and Results. In a cross-sectional study, a total of five hundred (500) healthy blood donors from three geographical areas in Ghana were enrolled. Their age ranged from 17 to 55 years with a mean age of 27.97 ± 8.87 years. The overall prevalence rate of vitamin D deficiency was 43.6% (218/500), with 41.2% (91/221), 45.3% (63/139), and 45.7% (64/140) of vitamin D deficiency being recorded in participants from the Northern Sector (NS), Middle Belt (MB), and Southern Sector (SS), respectively. However, there were no significant differences in the proportions of vitamin D deficiency across various geographical sectors. The median 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum levels were compared among geographical areas (NS, MB, and SS) and there were no significant differences ( P = 0.275 ) after adjusting for confounding factors. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D correlated positively with corrected ionized calcium (rs = 0.622, P ≤ 0.001 ) and phosphorus (rs = 0.299, P ≤ 0.001 ) and negatively correlated with SBP (rs = −0.092, P = 0.039 ), vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) (rs = −0.421, P ≤ 0.001 ), intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) (rs = −0.0568, rs ≤ 0.001), IFN-gamma (rs = −0.684, P ≤ 0.001 ), and TNF-alpha (rs = −0.600, P ≤ 0.001 ). After adjusting for possible confounders, not having knowledge about vitamin D foods, taking fewer vitamin D foods, and higher levels of IF-γ and IL-10 were associated with a higher risk of having vitamin D deficiency. Conclusion. The prevalence of 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency is high among the general adult population in Ghana despite the abundance of sunlight. Increasing knowledge on vitamin D diet coupled with a daily intake of vitamin D dietary supplements is likely to reduce the risk of developing 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency.

scholarly journals Insufficient autumn vitamin D intake and low vitamin D status in 7-year-old Icelandic children

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adda Bjarnadottir ◽  
Asa Gudrun Kristjansdottir ◽  
Hannes Hrafnkelsson ◽  
Erlingur Johannsson ◽  
Kristjan Thor Magnusson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Sunlight Exposure ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Intake ◽  
School Based ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Supplements

AbstractObjectiveThe aim was to investigate autumn vitamin D intake and status in 7-year-old Icelanders, fitting BMI and cardiorespiratory fitness as predictors.DesignThree-day food records and fasting blood samples were collected evenly from September to November, and cardiorespiratory fitness was measured with an ergometer bike. Food and nutrient intakes were calculated, and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (s-25(OH)D) and serum parathyroid hormone were analysed. Suboptimal vitamin D status was defined s-25(OH)D <50 nmol/l, and deficient status as s-25(OH)D <25 nmol/l.SettingSchool-based study in Reykjavik, Iceland in 2006.SubjectsOf the 7-year-olds studied (n 265), 165 returned valid intake information (62 %), 158 gave blood samples (60 %) and 120 gave both (45 %).ResultsRecommended vitamin D intake (10 μg/d) was reached by 22·4 % of the children and 65·2 % had s-25(OH)D <50 nmol/l. Median s-25(OH)D was higher for children taking vitamin D supplements (49·2 nmol/l v. 43·2 nmol/l, respectively; P < 0·0 0 1). Median s-25(OH)D was lower in November (36·7 nmol/l) than in September (59·9 nmol/l; P < 0·001). The regression model showed that week of autumn accounted for 18·9 % of the variance in s-25(OH)D (P < 0·001), vitamin D intake 5·2 % (P < 0·004) and cardiorespiratory fitness 4·6 % (P < 0·005).ConclusionsA minority of children followed the vitamin D recommendations and 65 % had suboptimal vitamin D status during the autumn. Week of autumn was more strongly associated with vitamin D status than diet or cardiorespiratory fitness, which associated with vitamin D status to a similar extent. These results demonstrate the importance of sunlight exposure during summer to prevent suboptimal vitamin D status in young schoolchildren during autumn in northern countries. An increased effort is needed for enabling adherence to the vitamin D recommendations and increasing outdoor activities for sunlight exposure.

Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D, more so than its epimer, has a linear relationship to leaner body composition across infancy in healthy term infants

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 1137-1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom J. Hazell ◽  
Sina Gallo ◽  
llze Berzina ◽  
Catherine A. Vanstone ◽  
Celia Rodd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Weight For Age

Vitamin D status positively associates with skeletal muscle mass and function in adolescents. The C-3 alpha epimer of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (3-epi-25(OH)D3) is high in infants, yet the potential impacts of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) and 3-epi-25(OH)D3 on skeletal muscle development are largely unexplored. The objective of this study was (i) to explore how the concentrations of 25(OH)D3 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3 track with body composition (lean mass (LM) and fat mass (FM)) and (ii) to determine the association between 25(OH)D3 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3 in infancy. Healthy breastfed infants (n = 132) were followed from 1 to 12 months of age as part of a vitamin D dose–response study (NCT00381914). Anthropometry and diet were assessed. Body composition was measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Plasma 25(OH)D3 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3 concentrations were evaluated using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Plasma 25(OH)D3 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3 increased from 1 to 3 months of age and decreased thereafter (p < 0.05). Infants with 25(OH)D3 concentrations above 75 nmol/L did not have a higher LM (g or %; p > 0.273) than those below this cutoff. LM was not associated with 25(OH)D3, whereas LM% was positively associated with 25(OH)D3 (β = 0.03; CI: 0.01 to 0.06; p = 0.006), while accounting for sex, weight-for-age Z-score, protein and fat intake, and age. For FM, the variables accounting for a significant amount of the variation were plasma 25(OH)D3 concentration (β = −2.38; CI: −4.35, −0.41; p = 0.019), weight-for-age Z-score, protein and fat intake, and time. In healthy infants, higher vitamin D status associates with leaner body composition, though the effect is smaller in magnitude relative to growth.

scholarly journals Oral vitamin D supplementation has a lower bioavailability and reduces hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone and insulin resistance in obese Chinese males

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 2211-2219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Chang Zhou ◽  
Yu-Mei Zhu ◽  
Zheng Chen ◽  
Jun-Luan Mo ◽  
Feng-Zhu Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Intervention Trial ◽  
Oral Vitamin ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the vitamin D status, SNP of the vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) and the effects of vitamin D supplementation on parathyroid hormone and insulin secretion in adult males with obesity or normal weight in a subtropical Chinese city.DesignAn intervention trial.SettingShenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China.SubjectsFrom a cross-sectional survey conducted from June to July, eighty-two normal-weight and ninety-nine obese males (18–69 years) were screened to analyse their vitamin D status and for five SNP of VDR. From these individuals, in the same season of a different year, obese and normal-weight male volunteers (twenty-one per group) were included for an intervention trial with oral vitamin D supplementation at 1250 µg/week for 8 weeks.ResultsFor the survey, there was no significant difference (P>0·05) in baseline circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations or in the percentages of participants in different categories of vitamin D status between the two groups. The VDR SNP, rs3782905, was significantly associated with obesity (P=0·043), but none of the examined SNP were correlated with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D when adjusted for age, BMI and study group. After vitamin D supplementation, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration, hypersecretions of parathyroid hormone and insulin, and insulin resistance in the obese were changed beneficially (P<0·05); however, the increase in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was less than that of the normal-weight men.ConclusionsFor obese and normal-weight men of subtropical China, the summer baseline vitamin D status was similar. However, oral vitamin D supplementation revealed a decreased bioavailability of vitamin D in obese men and ameliorated their hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone and insulin resistance.

scholarly journals Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations are Associated with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolites in Young Children: Results from the Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Mengna Huang ◽  
Rachel S. Kelly ◽  
Priyadarshini Kachroo ◽  
Su H. Chu ◽  
Kathleen Lee-Sarwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metabolomics Data ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Pufa Metabolism

Vitamin D deficiency contributes to a multitude of health conditions, but its biological mechanisms are not adequately understood. Untargeted metabolomics offers the opportunity to comprehensively examine the metabolic profile associated with variations in vitamin D concentrations. The objective of the current analysis was to identify metabolites and metabolic pathways associated with plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations. The current study included children of pregnant women in the Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial, who had 25(OH)D and global metabolomics data at age 1 and 3 years. We assessed the cross-sectional associations between individual metabolites and 25(OH)D using linear regression adjusting for confounding factors. Twelve metabolites were significantly associated with plasma 25(OH)D concentrations at both age 1 and 3 after correction for multiple comparisons, including three members of the n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) metabolism pathway (linoleate, arachidonate, and docosapentaenoate) inversely associated with 25(OH)D. These PUFAs along with four other significant metabolites were replicated in the independent Childhood Asthma Management Program (CAMP) cohort. Both vitamin D and n-6 PUFAs are involved in inflammatory processes, and evidence from cell and animal studies demonstrate a plausible biological mechanism where the active form of 25(OH)D may influence n-6 PUFA metabolism. These relationships warrant further investigation in other populations.

Vitamin D status of children in Kerala, southern India

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1179-1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhava Vijayakumar ◽  
Vijayalakshmi Bhatia ◽  
Biju George
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Southern India ◽  
Fish Diet ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

AbstractObjectiveTo study plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status of children in Kerala, southern India, and its relationship with sociodemographic variables.DesignCross-sectional observational study.SettingTertiary government hospital.ParticipantsChildren (n 296) with trivial acute illness were enrolled. Sun exposure and Ca and vitamin D intakes (7 d dietary recall) were documented. Serum Ca, P, alkaline phosphatase, plasma 25(OH)D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were measured.ResultsPrevalence of vitamin D deficiency (plasma 25(OH)D <30 nmol/l) was 11·1% (median, interquartile range (IQR): 52·6, 38·4–65·6 nmol/l). Children who ate fish daily had significantly higher plasma 25(OH)D than those who did not (median, IQR: 52·5, 40·8–68·9 v. 49·1, 36·2–60·7 nmol/l; P = 0·02). Those investigated in the months of March–May showed highest 25(OH)D v. those enrolled during other times (median, IQR: 58·7, 45·6–81·4 v. 45·5, 35·6–57·4 nmol/l; P <0·001). Plasma 25(OH)D correlated positively with serum P (r = 0·24, P <0·001) and Ca intake (r = 0·16, P 0·03), negatively with age (r = −0·13, P 0·03) and PTH (r = −0·22, P <0·001.). On linear regression, summer season (March–May), lower age, daily fish intake and higher Ca intake were independently associated with plasma 25(OH)D.ConclusionsPrevalence of vitamin D deficiency is low in Kerala. The natural fish diet of coastal Kerala and the latitude may be protective. Public health policy in India should take account of this geographical diversity.

scholarly journals 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, Vitamin D Binding Protein, Bioavailable 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, and Body Composition in a Diverse Sample of Women Collegiate Indoor Athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Jennifer B. Fields ◽  
Sina Gallo ◽  
Jenna M. Worswick ◽  
Deanna R. Busteed ◽  
Margaret T. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Vitamin D Binding Protein ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Women athletes are at higher risk for bone diseases; yet, information on vitamin D status ((25(OH)D), vitamin D binding protein (VDBP), and bioavailable 25(OH)D is limited. Collegiate athletes (n = 36) from volleyball (WVB), basketball (WBB), and track and field (WTF) were measured for (25(OH)D), VDBP, and bioavailable 25(OH)D; body composition and bone mineral density (BMD); and skin pigmentation. Participants self-reported daily vitamin D intake and sun exposure. One-way analysis of variance analyzed mean differences in measures across sports. Linear regression examined relationships between 25(OH)D; VDBP; bioavailable 25(OH)D; and whole body, hip, and spine BMD. Participants’ (mean ± SD, 19.4 ± 1.4 years, 172.75 ± 8.21 cm, 70.9 ± 13.2 kg, and 22.9 ± 4.1% body fat) overall mean 25(OH)D was 70.5 ± 32.25 nmol/L, and 28% of participants were deemed inadequate and 61% below thresholds identified as sufficient for athletes. Although WBB athletes consumed higher (p = 0.007) dietary vitamin D (760.9 ± 484.2 IU/d) than WVB (342.6 ± 257.8) and WTF (402.3 ± 376.4) athletes did, there were no differences across sport in serum 25(OH)D. WVB and WTF had higher bioavailable 25(OH)D than WBB. No relationships existed between vitamin D status and body composition. Vitamin D inadequacy was identified among 1/3 of women indoor sport athletes. Consistent monitoring of vitamin D status and diet are recommended to sustain athlete health and sport performance.

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