Relation of Serum Copper Status to Survival in COVID-19

The trace element copper (Cu) is part of our nutrition and essentially needed for several cuproenzymes that control redox status and support the immune system. In blood, the ferroxidase ceruloplasmin (CP) accounts for the majority of circulating Cu and serves as transport protein. Both Cu and CP behave as positive, whereas serum selenium (Se) and its transporter selenoprotein P (SELENOP) behave as negative acute phase reactants. In view that coronavirus disease (COVID-19) causes systemic inflammation, we hypothesized that biomarkers of Cu and Se status are regulated inversely, in relation to disease severity and mortality risk. Serum samples from COVID-19 patients were analysed for Cu by total reflection X-ray fluorescence and CP was quantified by a validated sandwich ELISA. The two Cu biomarkers correlated positively in serum from patients with COVID-19 (R = 0.42, p < 0.001). Surviving patients showed higher mean serum Cu and CP concentrations in comparison to non-survivors ([mean+/-SEM], Cu; 1475.9+/-22.7 vs. 1317.9+/-43.9 µg/L; p < 0.001, CP; 547.2.5 +/- 19.5 vs. 438.8+/-32.9 mg/L, p = 0.086). In contrast to expectations, total serum Cu and Se concentrations displayed a positive linear correlation in the patient samples analysed (R = 0.23, p = 0.003). Serum CP and SELENOP levels were not interrelated. Applying receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis, the combination of Cu and SELENOP with age outperformed other combinations of parameters for predicting risk of death, yielding an AUC of 95.0%. We conclude that the alterations in serum biomarkers of Cu and Se status in COVID-19 are not compatible with a simple acute phase response, and that serum Cu and SELENOP levels contribute to a good prediction of survival. Adjuvant supplementation in patients with diagnostically proven deficits in Cu or Se may positively influence disease course, as both increase in survivors and are of crucial importance for the immune response and antioxidative defence systems.

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Trace Element Levels in Serum Are Potentially Valuable Diagnostic Markers in Dogs

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10122316 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 2316

Author(s):

Yolanda Cedeño ◽

Marta Miranda ◽

Inmaculada Orjales ◽

Carlos Herrero-Latorre ◽

Maruska Suárez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Trace Elements ◽

Trace Element ◽

Acute Phase ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Indirect Measurement ◽

Serum Copper ◽

Serum Selenium ◽

Acute Phase Reactants ◽

Additional Tool

The objective of this study was to obtain information about the role of trace element imbalance in the pathogenesis of certain diseases in dogs and to evaluate the suitability of trace element profiling as an additional tool in the diagnosis. Serum trace element concentrations (copper, molybdenum, selenium and zinc) were measured in a cohort of healthy (control) dogs (n = 42) and dogs affected by hepatic (n = 25), gastrointestinal (n = 24), inflammatory/infection (n = 24), and renal (n = 22) diseases. These data were analyzed together with data on basic biochemical parameters (alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, albumin, globulin, and glucose) by using chemometric techniques. The chemometric analysis revealed distinctive association patterns between trace elements and biochemical parameters for each clinical disorders. The findings provide clear evidence for the important role of trace elements in disease, particularly in relation to acute phase reactions, with serum copper providing an indirect measurement of ceruloplasmin (positive acute-phase protein) and serum selenium and zinc acting as negative acute phase reactants. Molybdenum may also be a suitable marker of incipient renal disease. Thus, the analysis of trace element profiles, by multielement techniques, in a single serum sample would be a valuable additional tool for the diagnosis of certain diseases.

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Hemogram parameters in the patients with subacute thyroiditis

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.12669/pjms.36.2.1063 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Hasret Cengiz ◽

Ceyhun Varım ◽

Taner Demirci ◽

Sedat Cetin

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Function ◽

Acute Phase ◽

Subacute Thyroiditis ◽

Thyroid Function Tests ◽

Operating Characteristics ◽

Acute Phase Reactants ◽

Lymphocyte Ratio ◽

Function Tests ◽

Subacute Granulomatous Thyroiditis

Background & Objective: Subacute Granulomatous Thyroiditis (De Quervain’s Thyroiditis) is an acute painful inflammatory disease of the thyroid. We aimed to investigate easily accessible and cheap hemogram based parameters of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR), and Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) in the follow up of inflammatory thyroid disease. Methods: Patients admitted to Sakarya University Education and Research Hospital Endocrinology and Metabolism Outpatient Clinic and diagnosed as Subacute Granulomatous Thyroiditis between May 2017 and November 2018 were included in the study. Hemogram, thyroid function tests and acute phase values of these patients were recorded and compared with the values after treatment and disease recovery. On the sixth month, thyroid function tests were repeated and the rate of permanent hypothyroidism was screened. The relationships between initial hemogram parameters and acute phase reactants were evaluated. Results: Total 71 patients were included in our study. 60 (84.5%) were female and 11 (15.5%) were male. The F/M ratio was found to be 6/1. Mean age was 43 ± 9.95 years. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) Curve Analysis was performed and values for Area Under the Curve (AUC) for NLR and PLR, respectively, were 0.739 (95% CI 0.657-0.820 p<0.0001) and 0.772 (95% CI 0.694-0.850 p<0.0001), which are significant and associated with disease activity. However, the AUC for MPV parameter was: 0.578 (95% CI 0.484-0.672 P: 0.10) and was not significant. The cut off values defined as 2.4 (80% sensitivity and 51% specificity) for NLR and 146.84 (83% sensitivity and 54% specificity) for PLR for the acute phase of the disease. In the Correlation Analysis, NLR and PLR values were significantly correlated with ESR and CRP parameters, which are the most commonly used acute phase reactants. Conclusion: According to the present study, we believe that the NLR and PLR parameters will be of benefit in the follow-up the disease, accurately demonstrate the inflammatory load in the acute phase of the disease, and correlate with the common acute phase reactants. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.2.1063 How to cite this:Cengiz H, Varim C, Demirci T, Cetin S. Hemogram parameters in the patients with subacute thyroiditis. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(2):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.2.1063 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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THE EFFECTS OF PERIODIC CHALLENGE ON THE RESPONSE OF α2-AP GLOBULIN AND OTHER ACUTE-PHASE REACTANTS OF RAT SERUM TO TISSUE INJURY

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1139/y67-027 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 45 (2) ◽

pp. 241-247 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Henry E. Weimer ◽

Constance Humelbaugh

Keyword(s):

Acute Phase ◽

Tissue Injury ◽

Total Serum ◽

Response Patterns ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Variable Response ◽

Rat Serum ◽

Acute Phase Reactants ◽

Initial Injection ◽

Uniform Manner

The effects of periodic challenge with turpentine on the concentration of the acute-phase reactants of serum were studied in young, adult, male Sprague–Dawley rats. The initial injection of the phlogogenic agent was followed by rapid and significant increases in the concentrations of plasma fibrinogen, total serum glycoprotein, serum complement, and the α2-AP globulin and seromucoid fractions. Variable response patterns were observed on subsequent challenges and in the intervals between. The conclusion was drawn that the acute-phase reactants of serum do not respond in a uniform manner to repeated challenge with a phlogogenic agent, and by inference their synthesis must be regulated by several different mechanisms.

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Relationship of total serum sialic acid to sialylglycoprotein acute-phase reactants in malignant melanoma

British Journal of Cancer ◽

10.1038/bjc.1980.136 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 41 (5) ◽

pp. 745-750 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

H K Silver ◽

K A Karim ◽

F A Salinas

Keyword(s):

Sialic Acid ◽

Malignant Melanoma ◽

Acute Phase ◽

Total Serum ◽

Acute Phase Reactants ◽

Serum Sialic Acid ◽

Relationship Of

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M.570 Serum apolipoproteins as acute phase reactants in patients with infection

Atherosclerosis ◽

10.1016/s0021-9150(04)90568-0 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 132

Author(s):

E LIBEROPOULOS

Keyword(s):

Acute Phase ◽

Acute Phase Reactants

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The liver regeneration associated factor ALR attenuates IL-6 induced acute-phase reactants during hepatic inflammation

Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie ◽

10.1055/s-0036-1597450 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 54 (12) ◽

pp. 1343-1404

Author(s):

R Dayoub ◽

L Bürger ◽

S Ibrahim ◽

M Melter ◽

TS Weiss

Keyword(s):

Liver Regeneration ◽

Acute Phase ◽

Hepatic Inflammation ◽

Acute Phase Reactants ◽

Associated Factor

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Tests for Platelet Changes, Acute Phase Reactants and Serum Lipids in Diabetes mellitus and Peripheral Vascular Disease

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1657283 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 48 (03) ◽

pp. 289-293 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

B A van Oost ◽

B F E Veldhuyzen ◽

H C van Houwelingen ◽

A P M Timmermans ◽

J J Sixma

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Vascular Disease ◽

Peripheral Vascular Disease ◽

Acute Phase ◽

Serum Lipids ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Peripheral Vascular ◽

Acute Phase Reactants ◽

Control Subjects ◽

And Control

SummaryPlatelets tests, acute phase reactants and serum lipids were measured in patients with diabetes mellitus and patients with peripheral vascular disease. Patients frequently had abnormal platelet tests and significantly increased acute phase reactants and serum lipids, compared to young healthy control subjects. These differences were compared with multidiscriminant analysis. Patients could be separated in part from the control subjects with variables derived from the measurement of acute phase proteins and serum lipids. Platelet test results improved the separation between diabetics and control subjects, but not between patients with peripheral vascular disease and control subjects. Diabetic patients with severe retinopathy frequently had evidence of platelet activation. They also had increased acute phase reactants and serum lipids compared to diabetics with absent or nonproliferative retinopathy. In patients with peripheral vascular disease, only the fibrinogen concentration was related to the degree of vessel damage by arteriography.

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