scholarly journals Nutrition in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Present Knowledge and Remaining Challenges

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2748
Author(s):  
Maria Letizia Petroni ◽  
Lucia Brodosi ◽  
Francesca Marchignoli ◽  
Anna Simona Sasdelli ◽  
Paolo Caraceni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Patient Adherence ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Modest Improvement ◽  
Obesity Epidemic

Unhealthy behaviours, including diet and physical activity, coupled with genetic predisposition, drive type 2 diabetes (T2D) occurrence and severity; the present review aims to summarise the most recent nutritional approaches in T2D, outlining unmet needs. Guidelines consistently suggest reducing energy intake to counteract the obesity epidemic, frequently resulting in sarcopenic obesity, a condition associated with poorer metabolic control and cardiovascular disease. Various dietary approaches have been proposed with largely similar results, with a preference for the Mediterranean diet and the best practice being the diet that patients feel confident of maintaining in the long term based on individual preferences. Patient adherence is indeed the pivotal factor for weight loss and long-term maintenance, requiring intensive lifestyle intervention. The consumption of nutritional supplements continues to increase even if international societies do not support their systematic use. Inositols and vitamin D supplementation, as well as micronutrients (zinc, chromium, magnesium) and pre/probiotics, result in modest improvement in insulin sensitivity, but their use is not systematically suggested. To reach the desired goals, patients should be actively involved in the collaborative development of a personalised meal plan associated with habitual physical activity, aiming at normal body weight and metabolic control.

53 - Long-Term Physical Activity Adherence After the End of an Exercise Intervention in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes and Prediabetes: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. S22
Author(s):  
Jane E. Booth ◽  
Jamie L. Benham ◽  
Laura E. Schinbein ◽  
Samantha K. Mcginley ◽  
Doreen M. Rabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Physical Activity Adherence

Owning a Dog as a Determinant of Physical Activity and Metabolic Control in Patients With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Riske ◽  
Martin Janert ◽  
Melanie Kahle-Stephan ◽  
Michael A. Nauck
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Total Physical Activity ◽  
Dog Owners ◽  
Body Weight Control

Abstract Background/aims Physical activity is recommended for patients with type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). We wanted to assess whether owning a dog influences duration or intensity of physical activity and metabolic control of diabetes mellitus. Patients and methods 143 patients with T1D (age 50±16 y.; BMI 25.7±4.5 kg/m2, HbA1c 8.6±1.6%) and 303 with T2D (age 63±11 y., BMI 33.7±7.3 kg/m2, HbA1c 9.0±1.6%, 232 [76.6%] insulin-treated, 89±61 IU/d), respectively, participated. A standardized questionnaire assessed diabetes history and treatment, details regarding time spent (per week) and intensity (MET, metabolic equivalent of task) of physical activity (“walking the dog” and other activities), anthropometric (BMI) and laboratory measures. Results 31.5% of T1D 23.1% of T2D patients were dog owners. Dog owners with T1D and T2D diabetes spent 19.0±3.3 and 19.8±2.6 MET.h per week walking the dog, which represented 61.3±5.7 and 62.9±4.9% of their total physical activity. Participants not owning a dog compensated by performing significantly more other activities. Taken together, total physical activity was similar in dog owners with T1D (p=0.80), but higher in dog owners with T2D (30.1±2.8 vs. 18.6±1.4 MET.h per week in those not owning a dog; p=0.0001). Body-mass-index or HbA1c were not significantly different in either patients with T1D or T2D either owning a dog or not. Conclusions Owning a dog motivates to a significant amount of physical activity, but this was fully compensated for by other forms of physical activity in (younger) patients with T1D. Even the higher physical activity in dog owners with T2D did not result in improved glycaemic or body weight control.

Long-Term Physical Activity Levels After the End of a Structured Exercise Intervention in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes and Prediabetes: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 680-687.e2
Author(s):  
Jane E. Booth ◽  
Jamie L. Benham ◽  
Laura E. Schinbein ◽  
Samantha K. McGinley ◽  
Doreen M. Rabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Physical Activity Levels

scholarly journals Appropriate physical activity and dietary intake achieve optimal metabolic control in older type 2 diabetes patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 418-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jui-Hua Huang ◽  
Fu-Chou Cheng ◽  
Leih-Ching Tsai ◽  
Ning-Yuean Lee ◽  
Yi-Fa Lu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Diabetes Patients

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Endurance and Heart Rate Variability in Adolescents With Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes

2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Spezia Faulkner ◽  
Laurie Quinn ◽  
James H. Rimmer ◽  
Barry H. Rich
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Cardiovascular Endurance ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Type 1 Dm

Background. Incidence rates of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) are increasing in youth and may eventually contribute to premature heart disease in early adulthood. This investigation explored the influence of type of diabetes, gender, body mass index (BMI), metabolic control (HbA1c), exercise beliefs and physical activity on cardiovascular endurance (CE), and heart rate variability (HRV). Differences in exercise beliefs, physical activity, HRV, and CE in youth with type 1 versus type 2 DM were determined. Methods. Adolescents with type 1 DM (n = 105) or with type 2DM (n = 27) completed the Exercise Belief Instrument and the Physical Activity Recall. Twenty-four HRV measures were obtained via Holter monitoring and analyzed using SpaceLabs Vision Premier™ software system. The McMaster cycle test was used to measure CE (V02peak). Results. Regardless of the type of DM, females and those with higher BMI, poorer metabolic control, and lower amounts of physical activity tended to have lower levels of CE. Exercise beliefs consistently predicted both frequency and time domain HRV measures. Measures of exercise beliefs, self-reported physical activity, CE (V02peak), and HRV were significantly lower in adolescents with type 2 DM in comparison to those with type 1 DM. Conclusions and Recommendations. Early findings of poor physical fitness, lower HRV, fewer positive beliefs about exercise, and less active lifestyles highlight the importance of developing culturally sensitive interventions for assisting youth to make lifelong changes in their physical activity routines. Females, those with poorer metabolic control, and minority youth with type 2 DM may be particularly vulnerable to later cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals The Relation Between Physical Activity and Metabolic Control in Type 2 Diabetes With <20 Years of Evolution

Diabetes Care ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1648-1650 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. de Pablos-Velasco ◽  
W. Ricart ◽  
S. Monereo ◽  
B. Moreno ◽  
J. Marrugat
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Control
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