scholarly journals Food and Grain Consumption Per Capita in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau and Implications for Conservation

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 3742
Author(s):  
Lijing Wang ◽  
Yi Xiao ◽  
Zhiyun Ouyang
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Ecosystem Conservation ◽  
High Quality Protein ◽  
Climatic Environment ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Harsh Climate ◽  
Grain Security ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau

Background: Grain security is crucial for social stability and ecosystem conservation regionally and globally, and it is particularly concerned widely in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) due to its high altitude and harsh climate for agriculture. Method: In this paper, we calculated and analyzed per capita food and grain consumption, including direct grain consumption, grain for fodder, industry consumption, seeds consumption, and wastage consumption and its changes in the QTP during 1995–2019. Results: The results showed that (1) in 2019, the average food consumption per capita was 333.35 kg, was stable since 1995. The dietary structure of residents was composed of direct grain consumption (44.15%), meat (10.72%), and milk (6.94%). The consumption of meat and milk was higher than the national average. (2) The average daily intake of energy and protein, animal protein, and the ratio of high-quality protein and fat energy were 2156.21 kcal·d−1, 73.53 g·d−1, 23.06 g·d−1, 38.32%, and 27.77% in 2019. Their changes were −342.98 kcal·d−1, −8.91 g·d−1, 11.16 g·d−1, 18.37%, and 11.08%, respectively. (3) The corresponding grain consumption per capita was 284.90 kg·a−1 in 1995, 262.19 kg·a−1 in 2010, and then remained stable until 2019. Conclusion: The study suggested that food consumption per capital was guaranteed at the well-off level since 2010, and food and dietary structure of residents were corresponding to physical geographic and climatic environment in the QTP. The conflict between food security and the ecosystem conservation can be managed without scarifying nature as the total grain consumption was stable since 2010, and the yield per unit area and total grain yield were both increasing since 2003 for agricultural condition improved in the QTP.

scholarly journals Carbon Balance of Grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau under Future Climate Change: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 533
Author(s):  
Rong Leng ◽  
Quanzhi Yuan ◽  
Yushuang Wang ◽  
Qian Kuang ◽  
Ping Ren
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Balance ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Balance Study ◽  
Model Projection ◽  
Climatic Environment ◽  
The Future ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau

Climate change has brought significant impacts upon the natural ecological environment and human social development. The future carbon balance study has become an important part of research on the impacts of climate change. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) is a key area for studying climate change. Grassland, as a typical ecosystem of the QTP, embodies the sensitivity of the plateau to the climatic environment, so the carbon balance of grassland under future climate change conditions is important for studying global change. This paper reviewed the literature on carbon balance projection of grassland on the QTP under climate change. Two types of research methods were used to analyze and discuss the studies’ results, including experimental scenario projection and model projection. The experiment projected that appropriate temperature and moisture could enhance the carbon sink capacity of a grassland ecosystem, where moisture played a leading role. The model projection results showed that the carbon balance under different spatial and temporal scales were different. Although both can project the carbon balance of the study area, there are still some uncertainties. In addition, this research area should also consider the influence of human activity and plateau pikas to more accurately project the future carbon balance.

scholarly journals KEBIASAAN DAN KONSUMSI PANGAN SUKU BADUY

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Dadang Sukandar ◽  
Eddy Setyo Mudjajanto
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Household Energy ◽  
Recommended Dietary Allowances ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Energy And Nutrient Intake

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 12.75pt 6pt 14.2pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1cm;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">The objectives of the study were: (1) to analyze the socio-economic and demographic characteristics of Baduy people; (2) to understand food habits and food consumption of Baduy people. This research  is an explorative and descriptive study on the socio-cultural aspects of nutrition and food system. The data required to meet the research objectives (social, economy, ecology, food habits, food consumption, health and nutritional status) were collected through a direct interview and discussion with respondents as well as a direct observation at the location of respondents. A sample size of 338 households was drawn from the population. The allocation of sample was 303 for Outer Baduy, 10 for Inner Baduy and 25 for Moslem Baduy. To obtain the data on the cultural aspects, history and  socio aspect of food, in-depth interviews was conducted with 19 key persons. The household energy and nutrient intake of Outer Baduy shows that the household energy and protein intake is 3,198 kcal and 95 g per capita. This energy and protein intake has surpassed the energy and protein sufficiency level (Recommended Dietary Allowances, RDA).  The energy and nutrient intake in Inner Baduy households shows that the household energy and protein daily intake per capita is 952 kcal and 17 g. This is far below the energy and protein sufficiency (Recommended Dietary Allowances, RDA).</span></p>

scholarly journals Decrease of cholesterol content in milk by sorption onto β-cyclodextrin crosslinked with tartaric acid; considerations and implications

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Kukula ◽  
Lukáš Kolarič ◽  
Peter Šimko
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Cholesterol Intake ◽  
Per Capita

AbstractElevated cholesterol intake can induce the development of cardiovascular diseases in man, especially with long term animal origin foods consumption. Therefore, this work deals with the possibility of cholesterol content decrease in milk applying β-cyclodextrin crosslinked with tartaric acid (βCDcTA) as a removal agent. Evaluation of statistic data on food consumption in the Slovak Republic in 2018 aimed at total cholesterol daily intake and effects of “milky” cholesterol content decrease on total cholesterol balance. During the experiments, various amounts of βCDcTA addition to milk were studied resulting in optimal 5 % addition resulting in the cholesterol content decrease by 85.4 % in comparison to original cholesterol content. For monitoring purposes, an HPLC method analysing cholesterol content in saponified milk was employed. The food consumption data analysis showed that total per capita daily cholesterol intake was 369.8 mg, from which 86 mg was assigned to the cholesterol contained in milk and dairy products while the application of cholesterol removal procedure could decrease the total per capita daily cholesterol intake to 296.3 mg (“milky” cholesterol amount equal to 12.6 mg), which in below the recommended value of 300 mg daily intake still valid in the Slovak Republic. This approach might prove as a meaningful step to weaken health problems associated with high long term intake of cholesterol contained in foods of animal origin.

Legacy effect of warming on the heterotrophic respiration of alpine grassland on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

2021 ◽  
Vol 166 ◽  
pp. 104093
Author(s):  
Fei Peng ◽  
Wenjuan Zhang ◽  
Chimin Lai ◽  
Chengyang Li ◽  
Quangang You ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heterotrophic Respiration ◽  
Alpine Grassland ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Legacy Effect ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau

scholarly journals Decomposition of Water Footprint of Food Consumption in Typical East Chinese Cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 409
Author(s):  
Ruogu Huang ◽  
Xiangyang Li ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Yaohao Tang ◽  
Jianyi Lin
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Diet Shift ◽  
City Development ◽  
Intensity Effect ◽  
Consumption Level ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Per Capita

Water scarcity has put pressure on city development in China. With a particular focus on urban and rural effects, logarithmic mean Divisia index decomposition (LMDI) was used to analyze the water footprint per capita (WFP) of food consumption in five East China cities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Qingdao, and Xiamen) from 2008 to 2018. Results show that the WFP of food consumption exhibited an upward tendency among all cities during the research period. Food consumption structure contributed the most to the WFP growth, mainly due to urban and rural residents’ diet shift toward a livestock-rich style. Except in Beijing, the food consumption level mainly inhibited the WFP growth due to the decrease in food consumption level per capita in urban areas. Urbanization had less influence on WFP growth for two megacities (Beijing and Shanghai) due to the strictly controlled urban population inflow policy and more positive effects for other cities. The water footprint intensity effect among cities was mainly due to uneven water-saving efficiency. Meanwhile, Beijing and Tianjin have achieved advancement in water utilization efficiency.

scholarly journals Demographic history and genomic response to environmental changes in a rapid radiation of wild rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deyan Ge ◽  
Anderson Feijó ◽  
Zhixin Wen ◽  
Alexei V Abramov ◽  
Liang Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Rapid Radiation ◽  
Protein Functions ◽  
Wild Rats ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau ◽  
Genomic Response

Abstract For organisms to survive and prosper in a harsh environment, particularly under rapid climate change, poses tremendous challenges. Recent studies have highlighted the continued loss of megafauna in terrestrial ecosystems and the subsequent surge of small mammals, such as rodents, bats, lagomorphs, and insectivores. However, the ecological partitioning of these animals will likely lead to large variation in their responses to environmental change. In the present study, we investigated the evolutionary history and genetic adaptations of white-bellied rats (Niviventer Marshall, 1976), which are widespread in the natural terrestrial ecosystems in Asia but also known as important zoonotic pathogen vectors and transmitters. The southeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QHTP) was inferred as the origin center of this genus, with parallel diversification in temperate and tropical niches. Demographic history analyses from mitochondrial and nuclear sequences of Niviventer demonstrated population size increases and range expansion for species in Southeast Asia, and habitat generalists elsewhere. Unexpectedly, population increases were seen in N. eha, which inhabits the highest elevation among Niviventer species. Genome scans of nuclear exons revealed that among the congeneric species, N. eha has the largest number of positively selected genes. Protein functions of these genes are mainly related to olfaction, taste and tumor suppression. Extensive genetic modification presents a major strategy in response to global changes in these alpine species.

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