Research on the Spatial Spillover Effect of Provincial Final Consumption Level in China Based on the Complex Network

A spatial spillover correlation network is an excellent representation for expressing the relationship of consumption levels among regions, which provides a way to study the evolution mechanism of the spatial influence of the consumption level. Using data on the consumption levels of 29 provinces (or municipalities or autonomous regions) during the global stage (1978–2020) and two separated stages (1978–2001 and 2002–2020) after China’s reform and opening up, this paper analyzes the topological characteristics and driving factors of provincial residents’ consumption level spatial spillover network by applying the Granger causality test of Vector Autoregression (VAR) model and a complex network analysis method. The results show that the number of spatial spillover relationships of provincial residents’ consumption level in the second stage increases significantly in comparison with that in the first stage and the scope of mutual influence among provinces increases rapidly in the second stage; that eastern coastal regions play a net spillover role in the network and some central and western provinces play an increasingly important broker role; and that the members of the network compose four communities with different gradients, with Beijing, Shanghai, and Jiangsu in the leading positions. The network shows neighborhood spillover and club convergence, and these characteristics are more evident in the second stage; moreover, spatial adjacency, residents’ disposable income, urbanization level, consumer credit, and consumption environment similarity have significant driving effects on the spillover correlation of the consumption level.

Household food security of rainfed-rice farmers in Sragen District to achieve sustainable development goals

Goal 2 of the Sustainable Development Goals is Zero Hunger or ensure food security in the world. This study aims to determine households’ food security in Sragen District using descriptive and analytical methods with survey techniques. The research was conducted in Gemolong Sub-district, Sragen District. The determination of village samples is done deliberately (purposive) considering the largest rainfed rice fields. The data analysis used is the analysis of energy consumption and household food security. The results showed that the energy consumption of farmers’ households amounted to 6,041 kcal/day with an energy sufficiency value of 5,368 kcal/day, then obtained energy consumption level of 113% and classified in the category of high level because energy consumption level ≥ 100%. Household food security conditions showed that 53.33% were food resistant households and 46.67% were food vulnerable. Increasing production and household income by optimizing drill wells to ensure water availability or procurement of seeds resistant to rainfed rice fields can address vulnerable food situations.

Food security of paddy farm households based on the proportion of food expenditure and energy consumption level in Jogorogo Ngawi

Ngawi is the sixth paddy producer in Indonesia and certainly has an influence on the food security of paddy farm households. This study aimed to analyze the proportion of food expenditure (PFE), energy and protein consumption, the relationship between food expenditure and energy consumption, and the condition of food security. The basic method used descriptive analytic. The number of respondents based on the slovin formula was 87 households. The sample selection used stratified random sampling. The data analysis method used correlation with SPSS 22 and cross indicator between PFE and energy consumption level. The results showed that the average of PFE was 58.81%. The average energy consumption was 4,272.2 kcal/household/day with an energy consumption level of 81.93% while the average protein consumption was 122.1 grams/household/day lower than the average household RDA consumption. Food expenditure had a significant relationship to energy consumption with a correlation coefficient of 0.925 including a very strong and unidirectional relationship. The contribution of household food security conditions were 28.7% secure; 32.2% vulnerable; 10.3% less secure; 28.8% insecure.

Dynamics of nutritional food consumption and expenditure patterns of Central Java population as welfare indicators to achieve sustainable development goals

This study aims to determine Central Java population welfare dynamics by looking at the pattern of expenditure and the nutritional and food consumption level. The data used is data on the expenditure and consumption of the Central Java population in 2016–2020. The data analysis method used is descriptive analytical. The study of expenditure patterns shows that during the period 2016–2020, the Central Java population welfare is increasing. Still, the population of rural areas is less prosperous than the population of urban areas. The welfare increase is also shown by decreasing the cereals group consumption. The analysis of the nutritional consumption level indicates that the energy and protein consumption level tend to increase during 2016–2020. The level of energy consumption is categorized as sufficient, and protein consumption level is categorized as good. In rural areas, energy consumption and energy consumption are higher than in urban areas; conversely, protein consumption and protein consumption in urban areas are higher than in rural areas.

Changes in Alcohol Consumption during the COVID-19 Pandemic Are Dependent on Initial Consumption Level: Findings from Eight European Countries

Evidence suggests that changes in alcohol consumption during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic were unevenly distributed over consumer groups. We investigated possible inter-country differences in how changes in alcohol consumption are contingent on initial consumption (before or at the start of the pandemic), and how changes in consumption translate into possible changes in the prevalence of heavy drinking. We used data from the European Survey on Alcohol use and COVID-19 (ESAC) conducted in Czechia, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Norway, Poland, Spain, and the UK (N = 31921). Past-year alcohol consumption and changes in consumption were measured by AUDIT-C. Drinking habits were compared according to percentiles of pre-pandemic consumption levels, below versus above the 90th percentile. Across countries, drinkers in the highest 10% for pre-pandemic consumption increased their drinking during the pandemic, whereas absolute changes among those initially drinking below this level were modest. The percentage of people reporting >28 alcohol units/week increased significantly in seven of eight countries. During the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic, alcohol consumption in the upper decile of the drinkers increased as did the prevalence of heavy drinkers, in contrast with a declining consumption in other groups in the sample.

Decision Strategies while Intoxicated relate to Alcohol-Impaired Driving Attitudes and Intentions

Objective: Approximately 28 million individuals engage in alcohol-impaired driving (AID) every year. This study investigated individuals’ AID decision making strategies under intoxication, their variability across the breath alcohol concentration curve (BrAC), and the association between strategy and AID attitudes and intentions. Method: 79 adults (23.9 years, 57% women) who drank alcohol ≥2 days per week and lived >2 miles away from their typical drinking locations completed an alcohol administration protocol and AID decision making task. AID attitudes, intentions, and behaviors were assessed repeatedly across the BrAC curve. Bayesian cognitive modeling identified decision strategies used by individuals on the AID decision making task, revealing whether alcohol consumption level and/or ride service cost factored into individuals’ decisions to drive while impaired or obtain a ride. Additional analyses tested whether AID attitudes and intentions were related to individuals’ decision strategies. Results: Two decision strategies were examined on the ascending and descending limb of the BrAC curve: compensatory (both consumption level and ride service cost factored into AID decisions) and non-compensatory (only consumption level factored into AID decisions). Switching to a compensatory strategy on the descending limb was associated with lower perceived intoxication, perceiving AID as less dangerous, and being willing to drive above the legal BrAC limit. Conclusions: Results suggest that risk for engaging in AID is higher for those using a cost-sensitive, compensatory strategy when making AID decisions under intoxication. Future research is needed to test whether AID countermeasures (e.g., subsidized ride services) are differentially effective according to decision strategy type.

Seafood consumption patterns among coastal people in Ambon Island, eastern Indonesia

Maluku province is the province with the highest level of fish consumption in Indonesia. It exceeds the level of national fish consumption. However, the fish consumption level in Maluku province by the district is uneven. The recent data showed that Ambon City ranks last in the level of fish consumption compared to ten other districts in the province. Whereas local inhabitants who mostly live along the island’s coastal areas often claim themselves as “fish-eaters” because of their dependence on seafood, especially fish for daily consumption. This paper illustrated the extent to which claim or identification as "fish-eaters" among the coastal people of Ambon Island can be maintained or proven. Using field data from two villages in the Ambon municipality, the pattern of seafood consumption and distribution were described through household surveys and interviews. The findings showed that the level of seafood consumption was still high for lunch and dinner, which are considered as “heavy meals” compared to breakfast. The source of obtaining seafood was mostly from the community’s catch or harvest

The Rise and Development of Chinese Fast Fashion Catering

With the rapid development of national economy and the improvement of consumption level, the catering industry, which plays an important role in people’s life, has shown a trend of upgrading in recent years. Several fast fashion catering brands have sprung up in the Chinese market. Chinese fast fashion catering brings more choices to consumers, at the same time, it is also constantly enriching people’s consumption experience. This paper will deliberate and discuss the factors affecting fast fashion catering and the current development situation of fast fashion catering in China.