scholarly journals Effects of Different Types of Carbohydrates on Arterial Stiffness: A Comparison of Isomaltulose and Sucrose

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4493
Author(s):  
Ryota Kobayashi ◽  
Miki Sakazaki ◽  
Yukie Nagai ◽  
Kenji Asaki ◽  
Takeo Hashiguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Acute Hyperglycemia ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Acute Increase ◽  
Low Glycemic Index

Increased arterial stiffness during acute hyperglycemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, but the type of carbohydrate that inhibits it is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of low-glycemic-index isomaltulose on arterial stiffness during hyperglycemia in middle-aged and older adults. Ten healthy middle-aged and older adult subjects orally ingested a solution containing 25 g of isomaltulose (ISI trial) and sucrose (SSI trial) in a crossover study. In the SSI trial, the brachial–ankle (ba) pulse wave velocity (PWV) increased 30, 60, and 90 min after ingestion compared with that before ingestion (p < 0.01); however, in the ISI trial, the baPWV did not change after ingestion compared with that before ingestion. Blood glucose levels 30 min after intake were lower in the ISI trial than in the SSI trial (p < 0.01). The baPWV and systolic blood pressure were positively correlated 90 min after isomaltulose and sucrose ingestion (r = 0.640, p < 0.05). These results indicate that isomaltulose intake inhibits an acute increase in arterial stiffness. The results of the present study may have significant clinical implications on the implementation of dietary programs for middle-aged and elderly patients.

Intensive Insulin Therapy for Acute Hyperglycemia

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-212
Author(s):  
Julia Lindeman Read ◽  
Eugene Y. Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Therapy ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Intensive Insulin Therapy ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Tight Glycemic Control ◽  
Critically Ill Patient ◽  
Acute Hyperglycemia ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Therapy Protocol

There is growing evidence that control of hyperglycemia in the critically ill patient improves outcome. Normalizing blood glucose levels decreases the risk of developing sepsis, end-organ damage, and hospital mortality. Critical care clinicians must be familiar with current and benchmark research supporting control of hyperglycemia and use this knowledge to ensure appropriate application of evidence-based practice for decreasing or preventing complications in the critically ill patient. This article describes the effects of hyperglycemia and discusses the evidence supporting tight glycemic control in such patients. The necessary steps to implement an intensive insulin therapy protocol for control of acute hyperglycemia are detailed.

scholarly journals Blood glucose levels and cortical thinning in cognitively normal, middle-aged adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 365 ◽  
pp. 89-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra M.V. Wennberg ◽  
Adam P. Spira ◽  
Corinne Pettigrew ◽  
Anja Soldan ◽  
Vadim Zipunnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cognitively Normal ◽  
Cortical Thinning ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

scholarly journals Low glycaemic index diet in patients prescribed clozapine: pilot study

2004 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 292-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Smith ◽  
Tom White
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Glycaemic Index ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Random Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
The Mean

Aims and MethodThis study aimed to investigate the potential benefits of a low glycaemic index diet in patients with schizophrenia taking clozapine. Seven patients consented to participate in a 5-week pilot study. Measurements were taken of body weight, random blood glucose and cholesterol levels.ResultsThe mean weight loss per patient was 2.9 kg in 4 weeks. Random blood glucose levels reduced from a mean of 5.3 mmol/l at the beginning of the study to 4.7 mmol/l at the end.Clinical ImplicationsA low glycaemic index diet may possibly reduce the substantial cardiovascular risk in patients receiving antipsychotic medication.

scholarly journals Direct renin inhibitor aliskiren in women with menopausal metabolic syndrome and arterial hypertension

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Zhernakova ◽  
V. B. Mychka ◽  
Yu. A. Ponomarev ◽  
S. N. Tolstov ◽  
E. V. Tishina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Renin Inhibitor ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Direct Renin Inhibitor ◽  
Carbohydrate And Lipid Metabolism

Aim. To study the effectiveness of a direct renin inhibitor, aliskiren, in patients with menopausal metabolic syndrome (MMS), and to assess aliskiren effects on blood pressure (BP), carbohydrate and lipid metabolism parameters, microalbuminuria, and arterial stiffness. Material and methods. The study included 23 women with MMS, to whom aliskiren monotherapy (150-300 mg/d) was administered. At baseline and in the end of the study, anthropometry, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism parameters assessment, 24-hour BP monitoring, and arterial stiffness assessment by volume sphygmography were performed. Results. By the end of the study, most parameters of circadian BP profile significantly decreased. Target levels of systolic and diastolic BP were achieved in 80 % of the patients. There was a significant reduction in postprandial glucose levels. According to the volume sphygmography results, a decrease in arterial stiffness was accompanied by a significant reduction in pulse wave velocity and augmentation index, with normalization of the former parameter. Conclusion. Aliskiren therapy demonstrated not only high antihypertensive effectiveness in MMS patients, but also a reduction in postprandial glucose levels and arterial stiffness.

scholarly journals Glycemic management via fasting-induced decrease in blood glucose concentration: A protective intervention against COVID-19?

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 178-179
Author(s):  
Zohreh Eam s ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Severe Morbidity ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Glycemic Management ◽  
Protective Intervention

According to the literature, uncontrolled glycemia can be a strong predictor of severe morbidity and mortality in different types of viral infections. Hyperglycemia can make the condition worse in diabetic and nondiabetic patients infected with sever acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Therefore, maintaining blood glucose levels low (within the safe range of 70-100 mg/ mg/dl) seems to be beneficial in our battle against Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2.

scholarly journals Increased Arterial Stiffness in Prediabetic Subjects Recognized by Hemoglobin A1c with Postprandial Glucose but Not Fasting Glucose Levels

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 603
Author(s):  
Chung-Hao Li ◽  
Feng-Hwa Lu ◽  
Yi-Ching Yang ◽  
Jin-Shang Wu ◽  
Chih-Jen Chang
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Hemoglobin A1c ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Diagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Newly Diagnosed Diabetes

Previous studies exploring the association between arterial stiffness and prediabetes remain controversial. This study aimed to investigate the association of the different domains of prediabetes categorized by glycated hemoglobin A1c (A1c) 5.7–6.4%, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), fasting plasma glucose of 5.6–6.9 mmol/L, and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), two-hour post-load glucose of 7.8–11.0 mmol/L, on arterial stiffness. These were measured by brachial–ankle pulse-wave velocity (baPWV). We enrolled 4938 eligible subjects and divided them into the following nine groups: (1) normoglycemic; (2) isolated A1c 5.7–6.4%; (3) isolated IFG; (4) IFG with A1c 5.7–6.4%; (5) isolated IGT; (6) combined IGT and IFG with A1c <5.7%; (7) IGT with A1c 5.7–6.4%; (8) combined IGT and IFG with A1c 5.7–6.4%; and (9) newly diagnosed diabetes (NDD). The baPWV values were significantly high in subjects with NDD (β = 47.69, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 29.02–66.37, p < 0.001), those with IGT with A1c 5.7–6.4% (β = 36.02, 95% CI = 19.08–52.95, p < 0.001), and those with combined IGT and IFG with A1c 5.7–6.4% (β = 27.72, 95% CI = 0.68–54.76, p = 0.044), but not in the other subgroups. These findings suggest that increased arterial stiffness was found in prediabetes individuals having an A1c 5.7–6.4% with IGT, but not IFG. Isolated A1c 5.7–6.4% and isolated IGT were not associated with elevated arterial stiffness.

Effect of consumption of a carob pod inositol-enriched beverage on insulin sensitivity and inflammation in middle-aged prediabetic subjects

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 4379-4387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celia Bañuls ◽  
Susana Rovira-Llopis ◽  
Sandra López-Doménech ◽  
Silvia Veses ◽  
Víctor M. Víctor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Impaired Fasting Glucose ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Carob Pod

This study assessed the effects of an inositol-enriched beverage (IEB) on blood glucose levels and inflammation status in subjects with an impaired fasting glucose (IFG) state according to body mass index (BMI).

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