Dietary Inflammatory Index and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Case-Control Study in Korea

Diet may modulate chronic inflammation. The aim of this study is to investigate whether the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) was associated with the risk of colorectal cancer in a Chinese population. A case-control study was conducted from July 2010 to April 2019, in Guangzhou, China. A total of 2502 eligible cases were recruited along with 2538 age- (5-year interval) and sex-matched controls. Dietary data derived from a validated food frequency questionnaire were used to calculate the energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) scores. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for colorectal cancer risk were estimated using unconditional logistic regression models. In this study, E-DII scores ranged from −5.96 (the most anti-inflammatory score) to +6.01 (the most pro-inflammatory score). A positive association was found between the E-DII and colorectal cancer risk, with the OR = 1.40 (95% CI 1.16, 1.68; Ptrend < 0.01) for the highest E-DII quartile compared with the lowest quartile after adjusting for potential confounders. When stratified based on cancer subsite, sex, body mass index, and smoking status, significant associations were not observed in women or underweight individuals. Results from this study confirmed that a higher E-DII score was associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer in a Chinese population.

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Dietary Patterns and Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Index in Southern Brazil and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Case-Control Study

Food and Nutrition Sciences ◽

10.4236/fns.2020.114021 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (04) ◽

pp. 281-300

Author(s):

Raquel Goreti Eckert-Dreher ◽

Daniela Coelho dos Santos ◽

André Wust Zibetti ◽

Karina Bettega Felipe ◽

Danilo Wilhelm-Filho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

Inflammatory Index ◽

Control Study

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Dietary inflammatory index and odds of colorectal cancer in a case-control study from Jordan

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/apnm-2017-0035 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 42 (7) ◽

pp. 744-749 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Nitin Shivappa ◽

James R. Hébert ◽

Susan E. Steck ◽

Lorne J. Hofseth ◽

Ihab Shehadah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Sex Education ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Middle Eastern ◽

Continuous Variable ◽

Case Control ◽

Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Inflammatory Index ◽

Control Study

Dietary components that promote inflammation of the colon have been suggested to be risk factors in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). The possible link between inflammatory potential of diet and CRC has been investigated in several developed or Western countries. Despite the fact that dietary choices in the Middle East differ markedly from those in the West, results have not been reported from any study conducted in a Middle-Eastern population. We examined the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) scores and CRC in a case-control study conducted in Jordan. This study included 153 histopathologically confirmed CRC cases and 202 disease-free control subjects’ frequency matched on age, sex, and occupation. Data were collected between January 2010 and December 2012, using interviewer-administered questionnaires. DII scores were computed from dietary data reported using a food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusted for age, sex, education, physical activity, body mass index, smoking, and family history of CRC. Subjects with higher DII scores were at increased odds of CRC, with the DII being used both as a continuous variable (ORcontinuous = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.13–1.85; 1-unit increase corresponding to ≈20% of its range in the current study) and as a categorical variable (ORtertile 3 vs tertile 1 = 2.13, 95%CI: 1.23–3.72). Our results, based on a Jordanian population, add to the growing literature indicating that a pro-inflammatory diet is associated with increased odds of CRC.

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Dietary Inflammatory Index and Odds of Colorectal Cancer and Colorectal Adenomatous Polyps in a Case-Control Study from Iran

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11061213 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1213 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Pegah Rafiee ◽

Nitin Shivappa ◽

James R. Hébert ◽

Saeede Jaafari Nasab ◽

Alireza Bahrami ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Dietary Factors ◽

Adenomatous Polyps ◽

Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Inflammatory Index ◽

Inflammatory Score ◽

Control Study

Background: Chronic inflammation is implicated in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) and its precursor; colorectal adenomatous polyps (CAP). Some dietary factors are important triggers for systemic inflammation. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) and the risk of CRC and CAP in an Iranian case-control study. Methods: 134 newly diagnosed CRC patients, 130 newly diagnosed CAP patients, and 240 hospitalized controls were recruited using convenience sampling. Energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) scores were computed based on dietary intake assessed using a reproducible and valid 148-item food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) after adjusting for confounders. Results: The E-DII score ranged between −4.23 (the most anti-inflammatory score) to +3.89 (the most pro-inflammatory score). The multivariable-adjusted ORs for participants in the 3rd tertile compared to the 1st tertile was 5.08 (95%CI: 2.70–9.56; P-trend < 0.0001) for CRC and 2.33 (95% CI: 1.30–4.02; P-trend = 0.005) for CAP. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that more pro-inflammatory diets, indicated by higher E-DII scores, might increase the risk of both CRC and CAP. Future steps should include testing these associations in a prospective setting in Iran.

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Dietary Inflammatory Index is Directly Associated with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: a case‐control study

Clinical Endocrinology ◽

10.1111/cen.14672 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Elnaz Zirak Sharkesh ◽

Seyed Ali Keshavarz ◽

Leila Nazari ◽

Behnood Abbasi

Keyword(s):

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Case Control ◽

Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Inflammatory Index ◽

Control Study

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Dietary inflammatory index and odds of coronary artery disease in a case-control study from Jordan

Nutrition ◽

10.1016/j.nut.2018.11.027 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 63-64 ◽

pp. 98-105 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Lana M. Agraib ◽

Mohammed Azab ◽

Abdel-Ellah Al-Shudifat ◽

Sabika S. Allehdan ◽

Nitin Shivappa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽

Inflammatory Index ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Control Study

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Dietary inflammatory index and risk of multiple sclerosis: Findings from a large population-based incident case–control study

Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1016/j.clnu.2020.02.033 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 39 (11) ◽

pp. 3402-3407 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ibrahim Abdollahpour ◽

Dejan Jakimovski ◽

Nitin Shivappa ◽

James R. Hébert ◽

Farhad Vahid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Large Population ◽

Population Based ◽

Case Control ◽

Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽

Incident Case ◽

Inflammatory Index ◽

Control Study

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Dietary Inflammatory Index score and risk of developing endometriosis: A case–control study

Journal of Endometriosis and Pelvic Pain Disorders ◽

10.1177/2284026520967599 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 228402652096759

Author(s):

Clarissa Viana Demézio da Silva ◽

Valéria Lauriana Felipe ◽

Nitin Shivappa ◽

James R Hebert ◽

Jamila Alessandra Perini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Pelvic Pain ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Dietary Exposure ◽

Case Control ◽

Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽

Categorical Variable ◽

Food Frequency ◽

Inflammatory Index ◽

Multivariable Adjustment ◽

Control Study

The possible relationship between chronic inflammation from dietary exposure and endometriosis has not been investigated. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) and endometriosis. Women with endometriotic lesions were defined as cases ( n = 59), and controls ( n = 59) had no visible ectopic endometrium sites. Body mass index (BMI=weight(kg)/height(m)2) was calculated from measured height and weight and waist circumference was measured. A validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to calculate the DII score. Women with endometriosis were younger, thinner; and had a more pro-inflammatory diet and more pain (dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, deep dyspareunia), than controls. Women with higher DII scores (>0.86) were more likely to have endometriosis and to present with dyspareunia. Results obtained from modeling DII as a categorical variable in relation to risk of endometriosis showed a near tripling of risk (OR = 2.77; 95% CI = 1.13–6.77) for women with DII >0.86 versus those with DII ⩽ 0.86, after adjusting for age and BMI. After multivariable adjustment, women with DII > 0.86 were four times more likely to have endometriosis compared to women with DII ⩽ 0.86 (OR = 4.14; 95% CI= 1.50–11.4). In conclusion, a pro-inflammatory diet was significantly associated with endometriosis.

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