scholarly journals Antimicrobial and Anti-Biofilm Activity of Polymyxin E Alone and in Combination with Probiotic Strains of Bacillus subtilis KATMIRA1933 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B-1895 against Clinical Isolates of Selected Acinetobacter spp.: A Preliminary Study

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1574
Author(s):  
Munaf AL-Dulaimi ◽  
Ammar Algburi ◽  
Alyaa Abdelhameed ◽  
Maria S. Mazanko ◽  
Dmitry V. Rudoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Persistent Infections ◽  
Disk Diffusion Assay ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Polymyxin E ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Diffusion Assay

Acinetobacter spp., the nosocomial pathogen, forms strong biofilms and is resistant to numerous antibiotics, causing persistent infections. This study investigates the antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity of polymyxin E alone and in combination with the cell-free supernatants (CFS) of the tested probiotic bacilli, Bacillus subtilis KATMIRA1933 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B-1895 against the selected Acinetobacter spp. starins. Three isolates of Acinetobacter spp., designated as Acinetobacter spp. isolate 1; Acinetobacter spp. isolate 2, and Acinetobacter spp. isolate 3, were collected from patients with burns, wounds, and blood infections, respectively. Bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing were conducted using the VITEK2 system. Auto-aggregation and coaggregation of the tested bacilli strains with the selected Acinetobacter spp. isolates were evaluated. A disk diffusion assay was used to identify the microorganism’s susceptibility to the selected antibiotics, alone and in combination with the CFS of the bacilli. The MIC and MBIC (minimum inhibitory and minimum biofilm inhibitory concentrations) of polymyxin E combined with bacilli CFS were determined. Acinetobacter spp. isolates were (i) sensitive to polymyxin E, (ii) able to form a strong biofilm, and (iii) resistant to the tested antibiotics and the CFS of tested bacilli. Significant inhibition of biofilm formation was noticed when CFS of the tested bacilli were combined with polymyxin E. The bacilli CFS showed synergy with polymyxin E against planktonic cells and biofilms of the isolated pathogens.

PHÂN LẬP VÀ TUYỂN CHỌN CÁC CHỦNG BACILLUS ỨC CHẾ VI KHUẨN VIBRIO PARAHAEMOLYTICUS GÂY BỆNH TÔM CHẾT SỚM Ở TỈNH THỪA THIÊN HUẾ

2015 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyễn Thị Bích Đào ◽  
Trần Quang Khánh Vân ◽  
Nguyễn Văn Khanh ◽  
Nguyễn Quang Linh
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis B1

Khi tình hình bệnh hội chứng tôm chết sớm (EMS) đã gây thiệt hại vô cùng to lớn đối với Nuôi trồng thủy sản thì các giải pháp được đề nghị và áp dụng nhằm hạn chế dịch bệnh. Trong đó, việc tìm hiểu và đưa vi khuẩn có lợi để cạnh tranh và ức chế loài vi khuẩn gây bệnh rất được quan tâm, được cho là giải pháp có nhiều triển vọng phù hợp với điều kiện môi trường, đảm bảo sức khỏe cho con người, cũng như hạn chế được dịch bệnh. Đặc biệt, đưa vi khuẩn Bacillus spp. qua đường tiêu hóa của tôm ngay từ khi mới thả đã hạn chế được mật độ vi khuẩn Vibrio. Nghiên cứu này đã phân lập được các chủng Bacillus subtilis B1, Bacillus subtilis B2, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B4và thử khả năng đối kháng với vi khuẩn Vibrio parahaemolyticus V1 ở các nồng độ 103, 104, 105, 106 CFU theo dõi ở các thời điểm 6h, 12h, 24h, 48h và 72h. Kết quả cho thấy cả ba chủng vi khuẩn Bacillus trên phân lập được đều có khả năng ức chế tốt vi khuẩn Vibrio parahaemolyticus V1, trong đó vi khuẩn Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B4 làtốt nhất với đường kính vòng kháng khuẩn 52,67 ± 4,31mm ở thời điểm 48h; hai chủng Bacillus subtilis B1, Bacillus subtilis B2 lầnlượt là  49,67 ± 3,15 mm, 44,07 ± 5,19 mm, với mức sai số có ý nghĩa thống kê p < 0,05.

scholarly journals Spectrum and theIn VitroAntifungal Susceptibility Pattern of Yeast Isolates in Ethiopian HIV Patients with Oropharyngeal Candidiasis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birhan Moges ◽  
Adane Bitew ◽  
Aster Shewaamare
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Cryptococcus Laurentii ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Disk Diffusion Assay ◽  
Diffusion Assay

Background.In Ethiopia, little is known regarding the distribution and thein vitroantifungal susceptibility profile of yeasts.Objective.This study was undertaken to determine the spectrum and thein vitroantifungal susceptibility pattern of yeasts isolated from HIV infected patients with OPC.Method.Oral pharyngeal swabs taken from oral lesions of study subjects were inoculated onto Sabouraud Dextrose Agar. Yeasts were identified by employing conventional test procedures and the susceptibility of yeasts to antifungal agents was evaluated by disk diffusion assay method.Result.One hundred and fifty-five yeast isolates were recovered of which 91 isolates were from patients that were not under HAART and 64 were from patients that were under HAART.C. albicanswas the most frequently isolated species followed byC. glabrata, C. tropicalis, C. krusei, C. kefyr, Cryptococcus laurentii, and Rhodotorulaspecies. Irrespective of yeasts isolated and identified, 5.8%, 5.8%, 12.3%, 8.4%, 0.6%, and 1.3% of the isolates were resistant to amphotericin B, clotrimazole, fluconazole, ketoconazole, miconazole, and nystatin, respectively.Conclusion.Yeast colonization rate of 69.2% and 31% resistance to six antifungal agents was documented. These highlight the need for nationwide study on the epidemiology of OPC and resistance to antifungal drugs.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activities in Pistacia atlantica—Aphids Make a Difference!

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Yoram Gerchman
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Pistacia Atlantica ◽  
Disk Diffusion Assay ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Diffusion Assay

Plants have been explored and used as sources for antimicrobial extract and compounds for many years, but galls—specialized structures forms on such by diversity of organisms—have been explored much less. Aphid galls host many insects in closed, humid and sugar rich environments for long periods. We have tested the antimicrobial properties of Slavum wertheimae aphid galls on Pistacia atlantica. Secondary metabolites were extracted from leaves and galls with organic solvents, and essential oils with Clevenger, and tested by disk diffusion assay and volatile effect on bacteria and fungi, respectively. The results demonstrated that gall extracts/essential oils had much stronger activity against the diversity of bacteria and fungi. The large diversity of galls suggest they could be explored as source for novel compounds.

scholarly journals Uso de microorganismos nativos como promotores de crecimiento y supresores de patógenos en el cultivo de la papa en Bolivia

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Mamani-Rojas ◽  
J. Limachi-Villalba ◽  
N. Ortuño-Castro
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens ◽  
Trichoderma Spp

En tres campañas consecutivas (2007 a 2010), en la comunidad de Candelaria del municipio de Colomi, departamento de Cochabamba, se evaluó el efecto de microorganismos benéficos en la productividad y el control de enfermedades de suelo que afectan la calidad de las papas nativa como Helminthosporiun solani (mancha plateada). El primer año se evaluó a los microrganismos Trichoderma spp, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus subtilis aplicados en diferentes dosis. El segundo año se seleccionó al mejor de los tres para optimizar su dosis e identificar su mejor formulación. El tercer año fue para confirmar los resultados del segundo año y paralelamente se evaluó su forma de aplicación. Se determinó que Trichoderma tiene un efecto significativo sobre el rendimiento de papa nativa, ssp andigena debido a su efecto sobre el número de tallos y la cobertura foliar y no así B. amyloliquefaciens y B. subtilis. Estos tres microorganismos lograron reducir el efecto de H. solani, pero Trichoderma lo hizo en mayor magnitud. El segundo y tercer año, Trichoderma spp. confirmó su efecto favorable sobre el rendimiento y en la reducción de la enfermedad. En relación a la forma de aplicación de Trichoderma, se determinó que su aplicación a surco abierto y sobre la gallinaza, tuvo un mayor efecto en el rendimiento que su aplicación previa a la gallinaza antes de la siembra o su aplicación solo a la semilla.Aceptado para publicación: Junio 19, 2012

scholarly journals ВЛИЯНИЕ ПРОБИОТИЧЕСКИХ ПРЕПАРАТОВ ТВЕРДОФАЗНОЙ ФЕРМЕНТАЦИИ НА ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ РЕПРОДУКТИВНЫХ ОРГАНОВ ПТИЦЫ КРОССА "ХАЙСЕКС КОРИЧНЕВЫЙ" Горлов И.Ф., Комарова З.Б., Мосолова Н.И., Кротова О.Е., Струк А.Н., Иванов С.М., Чистяков В.А.

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens

Проведено исследование влияния пробиотических препаратов на основе штаммов Bacillus subtilis KATMIRA 1933 и Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B-1895, полученных методом твердофазной ферментации, на формирование репродуктивных органов у птицы кросса «Хайсекс коричневый». Испытания были проведены в условиях СП Светлый, АО «Агрофирма «Восток». Контрольная группа не получала пробиотиков; опытные группы I-III получали пробиотики на основе данных штаммов или их смеси (0,1% от массы рациона). Установлено, что в возрасте достижения молодками половой зрелости (21 нед.) длина яйцевода в опытных группах была выше, чем в контрольной, на 3,1 (P<0,01), 2,8 (P<0,05) и 2,9 см (P<0,05), а его масса - на 4,3 (P<0,01), 3,5 (P<0,05) и 3,9 г (P<0,05). Масса семенников у петушков опытных групп превышала контроль на 8,33 (P<0,05), 7,07 (P<0,05) и 9,51% (P<0,05). Во все изучаемые возрастные периоды в опытных группах наблюдалось увеличение содержания в крови гемоглобина, общего белка и альбуминов. Активизировался и углеводный обмен, так как содержание глюкозы в крови достоверно увеличивалось, начиная с 13-недельного возраста. Установлено, что самцы опытных групп превосходили контроль по объему эякулята на 12,00; 6,00 и 8,00%, по концентрации спермиев в эякуляте - на 28,52 (Р<0,01); 17,58 (Р<0,05) и 23,83% (Р<0,01), по общему числу спермиев в эякуляте - на 17,49 (Р<0,05); 8,05 и 13,42%. Сделан вывод, что скармливание ремонтному молодняку пробиотических препаратов с выраженной антиоксидантной и ДНК-протекторной активностью положительно влияет на формирование репродуктивных органов, интенсивность обменных процессов в организме и спермопродукцию у петухов.

ACTION OF METABOLITES PROBIOTIC STRAINS BACILLUS SUBTILIS ON THE BIOFILM FORMATION OF OPPORTUNISTIC BACTERIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-59
Author(s):  
N. Mikhaylova
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Opportunistic Bacteria ◽  
Probiotic Strains

In the natural environment, most microorganisms exist in the form of biofilms, which provide significant advantages for their persistence in the environment. As means to overcome the biofilm formation of opportunistic bacteria, the metabolites of Bacillus subtilis probiotic strains are of interest.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of Essential Oils Against Planktonic and Biofilm Cells of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL)/Carbapenamase-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria Involved in Human Nosocomial Infections

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramona Iseppi ◽  
Alessandro Di Cerbo ◽  
Piero Aloisi ◽  
Mattia Manelli ◽  
Veronica Pellesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Disk Diffusion Assay ◽  
Diffusion Assay

The aim of this study was to analyze the antibacterial activity of four essential oils (EOs), Melaleuca alternifolia, Eucalyptus globulus, Mentha piperita, and Thymus vulgaris, in preventing the development and spread of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL)-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa and carbapenemase (KPC)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. A total of 60 strains were obtained from the stock collection from the Microbiology Laboratory of Hesperia Hospital, Modena, Italy. Twenty ESBL-producing E. coli, 5 K. pneumoniae, 13 KPC-producing K. pneumoniae, and 20 MBL-producing P. aeruginosa were cultured and reconfirmed as ESBL and carbapenamase producers. Polymerase chain reaction was used for the detection of genes responsible for antibiotic resistance (ESBL and KPC/MBL). Antibacterial activity of the EOs was determined using the agar disk diffusion assay, and minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were also evaluated. Lastly, adhesion capability and biofilm formation on polystyrene and glass surfaces were studied in 24 randomly selected strains. M. alternifolia and T. vulgaris EOs showed the best antibacterial activity against all tested strains and, as revealed by agar disk diffusion assay, M. alternifolia was the most effective, even at low concentrations. This effect was also confirmed by MICs, with values ranging from 0.5 to 16 µg/mL and from 1 to 16 µg/mL, for M. alternifolia and T. vulgaris EOs, respectively. The EOs’ antibacterial activity compared to antibiotics confirmed M. alternifolia EO as the best antibacterial agent. T. vulgaris EO also showed a good antibacterial activity with MICs lower than both reference antibiotics. Lastly, a significant anti-biofilm activity was observed for the two EOs (*P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 for M. alternifolia and T. vulgaris EOs, respectively). A good antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity of M. alternifolia and T. vulgaris EOs against all selected strains was observed, thus demonstrating a future possible use of these EOs to treat infections caused by ESBL/carbapenemase-producing strains, even in association with antibiotics.

Primary antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori among a Chinese Tibetan population

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (14) ◽  
pp. 1353-1361
Author(s):  
Xiaoqiong Tang ◽  
Xiaohong Chen ◽  
Yalin Shen ◽  
Tiankuo Yang ◽  
Renwei Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Primary Resistance ◽  
Tibetan Population ◽  
Disk Diffusion Assay ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Gastric Biopsies ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Diffusion Assay

Aim: To evaluate the primary antibiotic resistance in Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from a Chinese Tibetan population. Methods & materials: Gastric biopsies from 400 H. pylori treatment-naive Tibetan patients were collected for H. pylori isolation. Susceptibility to amoxicillin (AML)/clarithromycin (CLR)/levofloxacin (LEV)/metronidazole (MTZ)/tetracycline (TET)/rifampicin (RIF)/furazolidone (FZD) was determined by E-test or a disk diffusion assay. Results: Biopsies from 117 patients were H. pylori culture positive (29.3%). The primary resistance rates to MTZ, CLR, LEV, RIF, AML, TET and FZD were 90.6, 44.4, 28.2, 69.2, 7.7, 0.8 and 0.8%, respectively. Interestingly, 42.7% of the strains had simultaneous resistance to CLR and MTZ. Conclusion: Among Tibetan strains, primary resistance rates were high for CLR/MTZ/LEV, whereas primary resistance rates to AML/TET/FZD were low. The high resistance to RIF is a concerning finding.

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