scholarly journals Staphylococcus ratti sp. nov. Isolated from a Lab Rat

Pathogens ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Vojtěch Kovařovic ◽  
Ivo Sedláček ◽  
Petr Petráš ◽  
Stanislava Králová ◽  
Ivana Mašlaňová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Group ◽  
Genomic Islands ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Staphylococcus Intermedius ◽  
Animal Pathogens ◽  
Expert Annotation ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Taxonomic Approach

Staphylococci from the Staphylococcus intermedius-Staphylococcus hyicus species group include numerous animal pathogens and are an important reservoir of virulence and antimicrobial resistance determinants. Due to their pathogenic potential, they are possible causative agents of zoonoses in humans; therefore, it is important to address the properties of these strains. Here we used a polyphasic taxonomic approach to characterize the coagulase-negative staphylococcal strain NRL/St 03/464T, isolated from the nostrils of a healthy laboratory rat during a microbiological screening of laboratory animals. The 16S rRNA sequence, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and positive urea hydrolysis and beta-glucuronidase tests clearly distinguished it from closely related Staphylococcus spp. All analyses have consistently shown that the closest relative is Staphylococcus chromogenes; however, values of digital DNA-DNA hybridization <35.3% and an average nucleotide identity <81.4% confirmed that the analyzed strain is a distinct Staphylococcus species. Whole-genome sequencing and expert annotation of the genome revealed the presence of novel variable genetic elements, including two plasmids named pSR9025A and pSR9025B, prophages, genomic islands and a composite transposon that may confer selective advantages to other bacteria and enhance their survival. Based on phenotypic, phylogenetic and genomic data obtained in this study, the strain NRL/St 03/464T (= CCM 9025T = LMG 31873T = DSM 111348T) represents a novel species with the suggested name Staphylococcus ratti sp. nov.

scholarly journals Performance of Five Commercial Identification Platforms for Identification of Staphylococcus delphini

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew C. Canver ◽  
Tsigereda Tekle ◽  
Samantha T. Compton ◽  
Katrina Callan ◽  
Eileen M. Burd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distinct Species ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Maldi Tof Ms ◽  
Maldi Tof ◽  
Staphylococcus Intermedius ◽  
Animal Pathogens ◽  
Tof Ms

ABSTRACT The Staphylococcus intermedius group (SIG) is a collection of coagulase-positive staphylococci consisting of four distinct species, namely, Staphylococcus cornubiensis, Staphylococcus delphini, Staphylococcus intermedius, and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. SIG members are animal pathogens and rare causes of human infection. Accurate identification of S. pseudintermedius has important implications for interpretation of antimicrobial susceptibility testing data and may be important for other members of the group. Therefore, we sought to evaluate the performance of five commercially available identification platforms with 21 S. delphini isolates obtained from a variety of animal and geographic sources. Here, we show that automated biochemical platforms were unable to identify S. delphini to the species level, a function of its omission from their databases, but could identify isolates to the SIG level with various degrees of success. However, all automated systems misidentified at least one isolate as Staphylococcus aureus. One matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) system was able to identify S. delphini to the species level, suggesting that MALDI-TOF MS is the best option for distinguishing members of the SIG. With the exception of S. pseudintermedius, it is unclear if other SIG members should be routinely identified to the species level; however, as our understanding of their role in animal and human diseases increases, it may be necessary and important to do so.

scholarly journals Characterization of Staphylococcus intermedius Group Isolates Associated with Animals from Antarctica and Emended Description of Staphylococcus delphini

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika Vrbovská ◽  
Ivo Sedláček ◽  
Michal Zeman ◽  
Pavel Švec ◽  
Vojtěch Kovařovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rpob Gene ◽  
Protein Distribution ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Weddell Seals ◽  
Polymerase Beta ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Staphylococcus Intermedius ◽  
The Antarctic

Members of the genus Staphylococcus are widespread in nature and occupy a variety of niches, however, staphylococcal colonization of animals in the Antarctic environment has not been adequately studied. Here, we describe the first isolation and characterization of two Staphylococcus intermedius group (SIG) members, Staphylococcus delphini and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, in Antarctic wildlife. Staphylococcus delphini were found exclusively in Adélie penguins. The report of S. pseudintermedius from Weddell seals confirmed its occurrence in all families of the suborder Caniformia. Partial RNA polymerase beta-subunit (rpoB) gene sequencing, repetitive PCR fingerprinting with the (GTG)5 primer, and matrix-assisted laser-desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry gave consistent identification results and proved to be suitable for identifying SIG members. Comparative genomics of S. delphini isolates revealed variable genomic elements, including new prophages, a novel phage-inducible chromosomal island, and numerous putative virulence factors. Surface and extracellular protein distribution were compared between genomes and showed strain-specific profiles. The pathogenic potential of S. delphini was enhanced by a novel type of exfoliative toxin, trypsin-like serine protease cluster, and enterotoxin C. Detailed analysis of phenotypic characteristics performed on six Antarctic isolates of S. delphini and eight reference strains from different animal sources enabled us to emend the species description of S. delphini.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic relationships of the European newts (genus Triturus) tested with mitochondrial DNA sequence data

1999 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Zajc ◽  
J.W. Arntzen
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Sister Taxon ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
12S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence

European newts (genus Triturus) are widely studied, but their phylogeny is not yet unambiguously resolved. Fragments of mitochondrial DNA experiencing different rates of evolution (the ATPase and 12S rRNA genes) were sequenced in order to test a phylogenetic hypothesis derived from biochemical and behavioral data. Well-supported branches of the existing phylogeny gained support in our study. The monophyletic origin of the hypothesized T. boscai – T. italicus clade remained ambiguous, whereas strong support was gained for the sister-taxon relationship of T. vulgaris and T. montandoni. The position of T. vittatus as a sister taxon to the T. marmoratus species group was also supported. The phylogenetic position of T. alpestris could not be clarified. With an in-group taxon sampling denser than in previous molecular phylogenetic studies and under the a priori selection of species from the genera Cynops, Neurergus and Paramesotriton as out-groups, the monophyly of Triturus was strongly supported. It cannot be excluded, however, that the presumed out-group actually belongs to the in-group, rendering Triturus paraphyletic as was concluded from recently published 12S and 16S rRNA sequence data.

scholarly journals Comparative Genomics of the Staphylococcus intermedius Group of Animal Pathogens

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nouri L. Ben Zakour ◽  
Scott A. Beatson ◽  
Adri H. M. van den Broek ◽  
Keith L. Thoday ◽  
J. Ross Fitzgerald
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Genomics ◽  
Staphylococcus Intermedius ◽  
Animal Pathogens

scholarly journals Arenimonas donghaensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from seashore sand

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 954-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soon-Wo Kwon ◽  
Byung-Yong Kim ◽  
Hang-Yeon Weon ◽  
Youn-Kyung Baek ◽  
Seung-Joo Go
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Aerobic Bacterium ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence Analysis ◽  
Curved Rods ◽  
Taxonomic Approach ◽  
Seashore Sand ◽  
Sequence Similarities

A Gram-negative, aerobic bacterium, designated strain HO3-R19T, which was isolated from seashore sand in Pohang city, Korea, was characterized on the basis of a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain HO3-R19T represents a new lineage within the Gammaproteobacteria; sequence similarities between strain HO3-R19T and members of other related genera were less than 93.5 %. Strain HO3-R19T was also distinguished from related genera based on differences in several phenotypic characteristics. Cells were straight or slightly curved rods and formed white colonies on R2A agar. The major isoprenoid quinone was ubiquinone 8 (Q-8), and predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C17 : 1 ω9c. The DNA G+C content of strain HO3-R19T was 65.0 mol%. Based on physiological, biochemical and chemotaxonomic traits together with results of comparative 16S rRNA sequence analysis, strain HO3-R19T is considered to represent a novel species in a new genus, for which the name Arenimonas donghaensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Arenimonas donghaensis is HO3-R19T (=KACC 11381T=DSM 18148T).

scholarly journals IMMUNOSTIMULATING EFFECT OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES CONJUGATED WITH THE Yersinia enterocolitica ANTIGEN

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. А. Staroverov ◽  
А. S. Fomin ◽  
K. P. Gabalov ◽  
S. V. Ivaschenko ◽  
V. E. Manieson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Yersinia Enterocolitica ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Causative Agents

Yersinia enterocolitica is the causative agent of yersiniosis, an acute infectious disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Y. enterocolitica is one of the most common causative agents of nosocomial infections. The problem of intestinal yersiniosis caused by Y. enterocolitica is very relevant for medicine and veterinary medicine and requires the use of sero- and immunodiagnostics to identify the causative agent in humans, animals and animal products. One of the most popular nanocarriers of antigens used for immunization and vaccination are gold nanoparticles. The advantages of using gold nanoparticles as vaccine delivery vehicles are their relatively small size, which makes it easy to penetrate tissues, low toxicity and prolonged in vivo circulation, low cost, reproducibility. Currently, using gold nanoparticles, work is underway to create new diagnostic tests and vaccines against viral, bacterial, parasitic infections, including against bacteria of the genus Yersinia. The aim of the study was to study the use of gold nanoparticles as an immunomodulator for immunization and vaccination with an antigen isolated from Y. enterocolitica. The isolated Y. enterocolitica antigen was conjugated to 15 nm gold nanoparticles. The synthesized conjugate was used to immunize laboratory animals. The methods of immunochemical analysis determined the sensitivity and specificity of the antibodies obtained. To establish a protective effect, animals were vaccinated with antigen conjugates and comparison preparations. When animals were immunized with a conjugate of gold nanoparticles with Y. enterocolitica antigen, an antiserum was obtained that specifically recognizes yersiniosis proteins with molecular weights of ~ 35 and ~ 14 kDA in a blot analysis. A cross was detected with bacteria of the species Y. pseudotuberculosis and no cross with the cells of the bacteria of the intestinal group Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, which indicates the generic specificity of the antibodies obtained. To determine the protective effect, animals were vaccinated with antigen conjugates with gold nanoparticles and comparison preparations. Two weeks after the last vaccination, mice were injected intraperitoneally with a culture of the pathogenic strain Y. enterocolitica. The groups immunized with a conjugate of antigen with gold nanoparticles showed a survival rate of 70-80%, while the control mice all died. It was shown that conjugates of gold nanoparticles with a yersiniosis antigen have a higher immunomodulating activity compared to unconjugated antigen. The resulting antibodies can be used for effective immunodiagnosis of yersiniosis. Conjugates of gold nanoparticles with antigens of Y. enterocolitica can serve as the basis for creating a preventive vaccine.

scholarly journals Estimation of pathogenic potential of an environmental Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate using comparative genomics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carola Berger ◽  
Christian Rückert ◽  
Jochen Blom ◽  
Korneel Rabaey ◽  
Jörn Kalinowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Comparative Genomics ◽  
Environmental Isolate ◽  
Genomic Islands ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Accessory Genome ◽  
Potential Pathogen ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Highly Virulent

Abstract BackgroundNew strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are continuously being isolated and sequenced to increase the genomic accessibility of this important pathogen. This has led to the generation of an impressive dataset of closed P. aeruginosa genomes. To understand the difference between the strains, investigations are focused on the accessory genome, thereby constantly extending the known pan genome of P. aeruginosa as a species. Apart from follow-up studies, many of the publicly available genomes are only used in their original publication while additional in silico information, based on comparison to previously published genomes, is not being explored. In this study, we defined and investigated the genome of the environmental isolate P. aeruginosa KRP1 and compared it to more than 100 publicly available closed P. aeruginosa genomes. ResultsPseudomonas spp. KRP1 could clearly be identified as a P. aeruginosa isolate, via comparative genomics. By using different genomic island prediction programs, we could identify a total of 25 genomic islands that cover ~12% of the genome of P. aeruginosa KRP1. Based on intra-strain comparisons, we are able to predict the pathogenic potential of this environmental isolate. It shares a substantial amount of its genomic information with the highly virulent PSE9 and LESB58 strains. For both of these clones, their increased virulence has been directly linked to their accessory genome before. ConclusionsHere we show, how the integrated use of previously published genomic data today, can help to replace expensive and time consuming wetlab work to determine the pathogenetic potential of environmental isolates. This knowledge is vital to understand what makes an isolate a potential pathogen as it helps design effective treatment.

scholarly journals Taxonomic revision of the genus Copelatus of Madagascar (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Copelatinae): the non- erichsonii group species

ZooKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 869 ◽  
pp. 19-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tolotra Ranarilalatiana ◽  
Lala Harivelo Raveloson Ravaomanarivo ◽  
Johannes Bergsten
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Taxonomic Approach ◽  
First Time ◽  
Group Species

The genus Copelatus Erichson, 1832 (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Copelatinae) of Madagascar is revised in two parts. This review is restricted to the Copelatus species that have fewer than ten elytral + one submarginal stria, including all species except those of the erichsonii species group. Both morphological and molecular (mitochondrial COI) data are used in an integrative taxonomic approach. Thirteen species are recognised, of which five are described as new: Copelatus ankaratrasp. nov., Copelatus kelysp. nov., Copelatus pseudostriatussp. nov., Copelatus safiotrasp. nov. and Copelatus vokokasp. nov.Copelatus unguicularis Régimbart, 1903 and Copelatus apicalis Fairmaire, 1898 are both transferred to the genus Madaglymbus Shaverdo &amp; Balke, 2008 (comb. nov.). Copelatus mimetesGuignot 1957 is a junior synonym of the widespread Afrotropical–Arabian Copelatus pulchellus (Klug, 1834) (syn. nov.). Copelatus marginipennis (Laporte, 1835) is reinstated (stat. nov.) as a valid species with Copelatus aldabricus Balfour-Browne, 1950 and Copelatus aldabricus var. simplex Guignot, 1952 as junior synonyms (syn. nov.). We designate lectotypes for Colymbetes marginipennis Laporte, 1835 and Copelatus obtusus Boheman, 1848. Copelatus peridinus Guignot, 1955 is recorded for Madagascar for the first time and Copelatus nodieri Régimbart, 1895 is rejected as a species present in Madagascar.

scholarly journals Advances in Omic Studies Drive Discoveries in the Biology of Anisakid Nematodes

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano D’Amelio ◽  
Fabrizio Lombardo ◽  
Antonella Pizzarelli ◽  
Ilaria Bellini ◽  
Serena Cavallero
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Marine Parasites ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Biological Aspects ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Ngs ◽  
Generation Sequencing ◽  
Anisakid Nematodes

Advancements in technologies employed in high-throughput next-generation sequencing (NGS) methods are supporting the spread of studies that, combined with advances in computational biology and bioinformatics, have greatly accelerated discoveries within basic and biomedical research for many parasitic diseases. Here, we review the most updated “omic” studies performed on anisakid nematodes, a family of marine parasites that are causative agents of the fish-borne zoonosis known as anisakiasis or anisakidosis. Few deposited data on Anisakis genomes are so far available, and this still hinders the deep and highly accurate characterization of biological aspects of interest, even as several transcriptomic and proteomic studies are becoming available. These have been aimed at discovering and characterizing molecules specific to peculiar developmental parasitic stages or tissues, as well as transcripts with pathogenic potential as toxins and allergens, with a broad relevance for a better understanding of host–pathogen relationships and for the development of reliable diagnostic tools.

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