scholarly journals Selection of Thai Medicinal Plants with Anti-Obesogenic Potential via In Vitro Methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Wijitrapha Ruangaram ◽  
Eisuke Kato
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
In Vitro Methods ◽  
Eurycoma Longifolia ◽  
Traditional Remedies ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Thai Medicinal Plants ◽  
Mild Obesity ◽  
Selection Of

The prevalence of obesity is increasing globally. Despite the availability of a variety of anti-obesogenic drugs, including therapies under clinical development, these treatments are often indicated for patients with severe obesity, making them unsuitable for patients with mild obesity or for preventative use. In Thailand, traditional remedies employing medicinal plants are widely used to maintain health and treat disease. These treatments are generally inexpensive and readily available at markets, making them good treatment options for preventing obesity. To evaluate the anti-obesogenic potential of Thai medicinal plants, we employed three in vitro methods: pancreatic lipase inhibition, lipolysis enhancement, and lipid accumulation reduction assays. Among 70 Thai medicinal plants, Eurycoma longifolia Jack, Tiliacora triandra Diels, and Acacia concinna (Willd.) DC. were selected as the most favorable candidates because they exhibited anti-obesogenic activity in all three assays. These medicinal plants are expected to have efficient anti-obesogenic effects, making them promising candidates for further study.

scholarly journals Studies of the in vitro cytotoxic, antioxidant, lipase inhibitory and antimicrobial activities of selected Thai medicinal plants

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chutima Kaewpiboon ◽  
Kriengsak Lirdprapamongkol ◽  
Chantragan Srisomsap ◽  
Pakorn Winayanuwattikun ◽  
Tikamporn Yongvanich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Thai Medicinal Plants

Selection of Chemicals for the Development and Evaluation of In Vitro Methods for Skin Sensitisation Testing

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Casati ◽  
Pierre Aeby ◽  
Ian Kimber ◽  
Gavin Maxwell ◽  
Jean Marc Ovigne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Methods ◽  
Skin Sensitisation ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Cytotoxic activity of Thai medicinal plants against human cholangiocarcinoma, laryngeal and hepatocarcinoma cells in vitro

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiratchanee Mahavorasirikul ◽  
Vithoon Viyanant ◽  
Wanna Chaijaroenkul ◽  
Arunporn Itharat ◽  
Kesara Na-Bangchang
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Hepatocarcinoma Cells ◽  
Thai Medicinal Plants

scholarly journals Select β-Lactam Combinations Exhibit Synergy againstMycobacterium abscessus In Vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Story-Roller ◽  
Emily C. Maggioncalda ◽  
Gyanu Lamichhane
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Mycobacterium Abscessus ◽  
Nontuberculous Mycobacterium ◽  
Pulmonary Infections ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Resistant Mutants ◽  
Lactamase Inhibitor ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACTMycobacterium abscessusis a nontuberculous mycobacterium that causes invasive pulmonary infections in patients with structural lung disease.M. abscessusis intrinsically resistant to several classes of antibiotics, and an increasing number of strains isolated from patients exhibit resistance to most antibiotics considered for treatment of infections by this mycobacterium. Therefore, there is an unmet need for new regimens with improved efficacy to treat this disease. Synthesis of the essential cell wall peptidoglycan inM. abscessusis achieved via two enzyme classes,l,d- andd,d-transpeptidases, with each class preferentially inhibited by different subclasses of β-lactam antibiotics. We hypothesized that a combination of two β-lactams that comprehensively inhibit the two enzyme classes will exhibit synergy in killingM. abscessus. Paired combinations of antibiotics tested forin vitrosynergy againstM. abscessusincluded dual β-lactams, a β-lactam and a β-lactamase inhibitor, and a β-lactam and a rifamycin. Of the initial 206 combinations screened, 24 pairs exhibited synergy. A total of 13/24 pairs were combinations of two β-lactams, and 12/24 pairs brought the MICs of both drugs to within the therapeutic range. Additionally, synergistic drug pairs significantly reduced the frequency of selection of spontaneous resistant mutants. These novel combinations of currently available antibiotics may offer viable immediate treatment options against highly-resistantM. abscessusinfections.

Application of in vitro methods for selection of strains as potential probiotics

2005 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
V MISHRA ◽  
D PRASAD
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Methods ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals In vitro Screening Antiviral Activity of Thai Medicinal Plants Against Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaiwat Arjin ◽  
Kidsadagon Pringproa ◽  
Surat Hongsibsong ◽  
Warintorn Ruksiriwanich ◽  
Mintra Seel-audom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Virus Titer ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts ◽  
Thai Medicinal Plants

Abstract Background Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) caused by the PRRS virus (PRRSV) results in economic losses in the swine industry globally. Several studies have investigated the use of plant extracts for the prevention and control of PRRS outbreaks. Thai medicinal plants may be useful for treating PRRSV infection in pigs. Therefore, we investigated the in vitro anti-PRRSV and antioxidant properties of seven Thai medicinal plants: Caesalpinia sappan Linn., Garcinia mangostana Linn., Houttuynia cordata , Perilla frutescens , Clinacanthus nutans , Phyllanthus emblica , and Tiliacora triandra .Results In the antiviral screening test, we observed that the T. triandra extract strongly inhibited the infectivity of PRRSV into MARC-145 cells [virus titer 3.5 median tissue culture infectious doses (TCID 50 )/ml (log 10 )] at 24 h post-infection, whereas the C. sappan Linn. extract strongly inhibited PRRSV replication [virus titer 2.5 TCID 50 /ml (log 10 )] at 72 h postinfection. C. sappan Linn. extract had the highest total phenol content [220.52 mM gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g] and the lowest half-maximal inhibitory concentration [IC 50 ; 1.17 mg/ml in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2.58 mg/ml in 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazo-line-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS)].Conclusion Our study showed that T. triandra could inhibit the infectivity of PRRSV, whereas C. sappan Linn was the most effective for inhibiting PRRSV replication in MARC-145 cells. This study elucidates the antiviral activities of Thai medicinal plant extracts in vivo . The result promising that the extracts of Thai medicinal plants, especially that of T. triandra and C. sappan Linn, can be developed into pharmaceutical drugs for the prevention of PRRS in pigs.

scholarly journals In Vitro Evaluation of the activity of Ceftazidime-avibactam and Aztreonam-Avibactam against 76 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates from a teaching hospital in Chongqing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuxia Lin ◽  
Hua Zou ◽  
Xian Chen ◽  
Menglu Wu ◽  
Deyu Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Broth Microdilution ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Background: Treatment options for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (S. maltophilia) infections were limited. We assessed the efficacy of ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) and aztreonam-avibactam (ATM-AVI) against a selection of 76 S. maltophilia out of the 1179 strains isolated from the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University during 2011-2018. Methods: We investigated the antimicrobial resistance profiles of the 1179 S. maltophilia clinical isolates from the first affiliated hospital of Chongqing Medical University during 2011-2018, a collection of 76 isolates of which were available for further study of microbiological characterization. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ceftazidime (CAZ), ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI), aztreonam (ATM) and aztreonam-avibactam (ATM-AVI) were determined via the broth microdilution method. We deemed that CAZ-AVI or ATM-AVI was more effective in vitro than CAZ or ATM alone when CAZ-AVI or ATM-AVI led to a category change from “Resistant” with CAZ or ATM alone to “Susceptible” or “Intermediate” with CAZ-AVI or ATM-AVI, or if the MIC of CAZ-AVI or ATM-AVI was at least 2-fold lower than the MIC of CAZ or ATM alone. Results: For the 76 clinical isolates included in the study, MICs of CAZ, ATM, CAZ-AVI and ATM-AVI ranged from 0.03-64, 1-1024, 0.016-64, and 0.06-64 μg/mL, respectively. In combined therapy, AVI was effective at restoring the susceptibility of 48.48% (16/33) and 89.71% (61/68) of S. maltophilia to CAZ and ATM, respectively. Furthermore, CAZ-AVI showed better results in terms of the proportion of susceptible isolates (77.63% vs.56.58%, P<0.001), MIC50 (2μg/mL vs. 8μg/mL, P<0.05), and MIC distribution (P<0.001) when compared to CAZ. According to our definition, CAZ-AVI was more effective in vitro than CAZ alone for 84.21% of the isolates. Similarly, ATM-AVI also showed better results in terms of the proportion of susceptible isolates (90.79%vs. 10.53%, P<0.001), MIC50 (2μg/mL vs. 64μg/mL, P<0.001), and MIC distribution (P<0.001) when compared to ATM. According to our definition, ATM-AVI was also more effective in vitro than ATM alone for 97.37% of the isolates. Conclusions: AVI potentiated the activity of both CAZ and ATM against S. maltophilia clinical isolates in vitro. We demonstrated that CAZ-AVI and ATM-AVI are both useful therapeutic options to treat infections caused by S. maltophilia.

scholarly journals In Vitro Wound Healing Activities of Three Most Commonly Used Thai Medicinal Plants and Their Three Markers

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Metar Siriwattanasatorn ◽  
Arunporn Itharat ◽  
Pakakrong Thongdeeying ◽  
Buncha Ooraikul
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Superoxide Anion ◽  
Wound Closure ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Thai Medicinal Plants

Skin ensures that a constant internal environment can be maintained in an ever-changing external environment. When a wound occurs on the skin, the inflammatory and proliferative phases are initiated in response to injury. Thai traditional medicine (TTM), using medicinal plants and ancient knowledge, has been used to treat wounds. Eight Thai medicinal plants, most commonly used to treat wounds, were evaluated for their in vitro biological activities such as antioxidation by NBT assay, anti-inflammation by production inhibition of NO, promoting fibroblast cell proliferation, and wound closure activities. Plant materials were extracted with 95% ethanol or distilled water and then concentrated and dried. Statistical analysis of data was done using one-way ANOVA at p value of 0.05. The ethanolic extracts of Garcinia mangostana L., Glycyrrhiza glabra L., and Nigella sativa L. could inhibit the production of superoxide anion with the IC50 values of 13.97 ± 0.38, 28.62 ± 1.91, and 71.54 ± 3.22 μg/ml and nitric oxide with the IC50 values of 23.97 ± 0.91, 46.35 ± 0.43, and 78.48 ± 4.46 μg/ml, respectively. These extracts could promote cell proliferation and accelerate wound recovery at the rate of 2.02 ± 0.03, 2.12 ± 0.03, and 2.65 ± 0.05% per hour, respectively. Three established markers from these three plants were selected according to the selection criteria. Alpha-mangostin, glycyrrhizin, and thymoquinone were found to be the active markers for wound closure activities. The ethanolic extracts of G. mangostana, G. glabra, and N. sativa could scavenge superoxide anion and inhibit the production of nitric oxide; therefore these extracts could assist in surpassing the inflammatory phase and protected the cells surrounding the wound area. Most importantly, these extracts also increased the proliferation and accelerated wound closure, indicating that these plant extracts could be promoting wound healing processes and support the use of TTM.

scholarly journals In vitro screening antiviral activity of Thai medicinal plants against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaiwat Arjin ◽  
Kidsadagon Pringproa ◽  
Surat Hongsibsong ◽  
Warintorn Ruksiriwanich ◽  
Mintra Seel-audom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
In Vitro Screening ◽  
Thai Medicinal Plants
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