scholarly journals The Challenge of Die Filling in Rotary Presses—A Systematic Study of Material Properties and Process Parameters

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Ann Kathrin Schomberg ◽  
Arno Kwade ◽  
Jan Henrik Finke
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Discharge Rate ◽  
Process Step ◽  
Pharmaceutical Tablets ◽  
Complete Filling ◽  
Die Filling ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Filling Time ◽  
Tablet Press

For the efficient and safe production of pharmaceutical tablets, a deep process understanding is of high importance. An essential process step during tableting is the die filling, as it is responsible for a consistent tablet weight and drug content. Furthermore, it affects the results of subsequent process steps, compaction and ejection, and thus critical quality attributes. This study focuses on understanding the influences of process parameters and material properties on die filling on a rotary tablet press. By the systematic variation in process parameters as the turret and paddle speeds as well as the fill and dosing depths, five formulations with differing properties are processed. Analysis of the normalized tablet weight, called filling yield, revealed different limitation mechanisms of the filling process, i.e., incomplete filled dies for certain parameter settings. Kinetic limitations occur due to a short residence time under the feed frame (filling time) caused by high turret speeds, which additionally induce high tablet weight variation coefficients. Characteristic maximum turret speeds at certain paddle speeds can be found to still achieve complete filling. At low turret speeds, densification of the powder inside the dies takes place, induced by two mechanisms: either high paddle speeds or high overfill ratios, or a combination of both. The challenge to fill the dies completely as well as avoid densification is dependent on material properties as the flowability. The mass discharge rate from an orifice was found to be in a linear correlation to the filling results of different formulations below complete filling.

Optimizing feed frame design and tableting process parameters to increase die-filling uniformity on a high-speed rotary tablet press

2018 ◽  
Vol 548 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Grymonpré ◽  
V. Vanhoorne ◽  
B. Van Snick ◽  
B. Blahova Prudilova ◽  
F. Detobel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Frame Design ◽  
Die Filling ◽  
Tablet Press

scholarly journals A FEM-Based 2D Model for Simulation and Qualitative Assessment of Shot-Peening Processes

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2784
Author(s):  
Georgios Maliaris ◽  
Christos Gakias ◽  
Michail Malikoutsakis ◽  
Georgios Savaidis
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Shot Peening ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Elastoplastic Material ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
The Impact ◽  
2D Model

Shot peening is one of the most favored surface treatment processes mostly applied on large-scale engineering components to enhance their fatigue performance. Due to the stochastic nature and the mutual interactions of process parameters and the partially contradictory effects caused on the component’s surface (increase in residual stress, work-hardening, and increase in roughness), there is demand for capable and user-friendly simulation models to support the responsible engineers in developing optimal shot-peening processes. The present paper contains a user-friendly Finite Element Method-based 2D model covering all major process parameters. Its novelty and scientific breakthrough lie in its capability to consider various size distributions and elastoplastic material properties of the shots. Therewith, the model is capable to provide insight into the influence of every individual process parameter and their interactions. Despite certain restrictions arising from its 2D nature, the model can be accurately applied for qualitative or comparative studies and processes’ assessments to select the most promising one(s) for the further experimental investigations. The model is applied to a high-strength steel grade used for automotive leaf springs considering real shot size distributions. The results reveal that the increase in shot velocity and the impact angle increase the extent of the residual stresses but also the surface roughness. The usage of elastoplastic material properties for the shots has been proved crucial to obtain physically reasonable results regarding the component’s behavior.

Schadenserfassung auf Radsatzlaufflächen/Defect detection on wheelset treads – Measurement of Magnetic Barkhausen Noise to detect varying workpiece conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 811-815
Author(s):  
B. Denkena ◽  
B. Bergmann ◽  
H. Blech
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Emission ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Defect Detection ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Barkhausen Noise ◽  
Magnetic Barkhausen Noise ◽  
Optimal Process ◽  
Process Reliability

Unterschiedliche Belastungshistorien von Eisenbahnrädern führen zu Werkstoffveränderungen in der Lauffläche. Diese verursachen sporadisches Werkzeugversagen und verringern so die Prozesssicherheit. Die Messung der Material- und Prozesseigenschaften mit Barkhausenrauschen und Körperschall erlauben, individuelle Bearbeitungsparameter für jedes Exemplar festzulegen. Gezeigt werden die Herausforderungen in der Radsatzbearbeitung, und welche Informationen sich durch die Messtechniken gewinnen lassen.   Different load histories of train wheels lead to high variance of material properties on the running tread. Those cause unpredictable tool break and reduce process reliability. The measurement of magnetic Barkhausen noise and acoustic emission allow to gain information of the workpiece and the running process, to find optimal process parameters for the reconditioning of every individual wheel. Typical issues in train wheel machining and results of measurements are presented.

Effect of material properties and process parameters on quality of friction stir forming

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 553-559
Author(s):  
Francesco Gagliardi ◽  
Mahsa Navidirad ◽  
Giuseppina Ambrogio ◽  
Wojciech Z. Misiolek
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Friction Stir

scholarly journals Blend Segregation in Tablets Manufacturing and Its Effect on Drug Content Uniformity—A Review

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1909
Author(s):  
Emilia Jakubowska ◽  
Natalia Ciepluch
Keyword(s):  
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient ◽  
Content Uniformity ◽  
Continuous Manufacturing ◽  
Compression Process ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Die Filling ◽  
Drug Potency ◽  
Tablet Press ◽  
Tablet Manufacturing ◽  
Processing Factors

Content uniformity (CU) of the active pharmaceutical ingredient is a critical quality attribute of tablets as a dosage form, ensuring reproducible drug potency. Failure to meet the accepted uniformity in the final product may be caused either by suboptimal mixing and insufficient initial blend homogeneity, or may result from further particle segregation during storage, transfer or the compression process itself. This review presents the most relevant powder segregation mechanisms in tablet manufacturing and summarizes the currently available, up-to-date research on segregation and uniformity loss at the various stages of production process—the blend transfer from the bulk container to the tablet press, filling and discharge from the feeding hopper, as well as die filling. Formulation and processing factors affecting the occurrence of segregation and tablets’ CU are reviewed and recommendations for minimizing the risk of content uniformity failure in tablets are considered herein, including the perspective of continuous manufacturing.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Residual Stress Analysis in AA2024-T3 Friction Stir Welding

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierpaolo Carlone ◽  
Gaetano S. Palazzo
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Stress Measurement ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Contour Method ◽  
Influence Of Process Parameters ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Longitudinal Residual Stress

Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is an innovative solid-state joining process, which is gaining a great deal of attention in several applicative sectors. The opportune definition of process parameters, i.e. minimizing residual stresses, is crucial to improve joint reliability in terms of static and dynamic performance. Longitudinal residual stresses, induced by FSW in AA2024-T3 butt joints, have been inferred by means of a recently developed technique, namely the contour method. Two approaches to stress measurement have been adopted; the former is based on the assumption of uniform material properties, the latter takes into account microstructural effects and material properties variations in the welding zones. The influence of process parameters, namely rotating and welding speeds, on stress distribution is also discussed.

scholarly journals Parametric Study of Fixtured Vibropeening

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chan ◽  
Ahluwalia ◽  
Gopinath
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Continuous Treatment ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Time Range ◽  
Work Piece ◽  
Stress Profile ◽  
Process Step ◽  
Residual Stress Profile

Vibropeening is a surface treatment process, which combines the peening effect of introducing residual stress with the polishing effect of reducing surface roughness in one single process step. Vibropeening equipment induces vibrations into the media to impart residual compressive stresses in sub-surface layers, as well as polishing on the surface of the work piece. In addition to process parameters, such as vibration frequency, amplitude, and media mass, which are well known in literature, this paper will focus on the study of two additional parameters: immersion depth and process time. It was found that the lower-middle section of the vibratory trough produced the highest Almen deflection. Different continuous treatment times were also studied to explore the maximum introducible residual compressive stress state, and it was concluded that an optimal time range is required to achieve the best residual stress profile. The study demonstrates that different process parameters can influence the effectiveness of the vibropeening process, and that these can be potentially optimized for higher treatment capability.

scholarly journals Development of Combined Manufacturing Technologies for High-Strength Structural Components

2010 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 219-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berend Denkena ◽  
Bernd Breidenstein ◽  
Luis de Leon ◽  
Jan Dege
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Tool Geometry ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Deep Rolling ◽  
Process Step ◽  
Single Process ◽  
Local Modification ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
Finishing Processes

Novel manufacturing technologies for high-strength structural components of aluminium allow a local modification of material properties to respond to operational demands. Machining and finishing processes for changing material properties like deep rolling or rubbing are to be combined to a single process step. The intention is the controlled adjustment of the component’s properties by the modification of its subsurface. For that purpose the essential understanding of the interaction mechanisms of the basic processes turning, deep rolling and rubbing is necessary. Influences of the tool geometry as well as of the process parameters on the material properties are investigated. The results will be extended by parameter studies within numerical simulations. Thereafter, combinations of the basic processes in process sequences are analyzed to their ability to modify the subsurface properties. In consideration of these results, a prototypic combined turn-rolling tool is developed

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