scholarly journals Temporal Variation in Community Composition of Root Associated Endophytic Fungi and Carbon and Nitrogen Stable Isotope Abundance in Two Bletilla Species (Orchidaceae)

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Xinhua Zeng ◽  
Haixin Diao ◽  
Ziyi Ni ◽  
Li Shao ◽  
Kai Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Fungal Diversity ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Natural Abundance ◽  
Trophic Relationships ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Root Endophytic Fungi

Mycorrhizae are an important energy source for orchids that may replace or supplement photosynthesis. Most mature orchids rely on mycorrhizae throughout their life cycles. However, little is known about temporal variation in root endophytic fungal diversity and their trophic functions throughout whole growth periods of the orchids. In this study, the community composition of root endophytic fungi and trophic relationships between root endophytic fungi and orchids were investigated in Bletilla striata and B. ochracea at different phenological stages using stable isotope natural abundance analysis combined with molecular identification analysis. We identified 467 OTUs assigned to root-associated fungal endophytes, which belonged to 25 orders in 10 phyla. Most of these OTUs were assigned to saprotroph (143 OTUs), pathotroph-saprotroph (63 OTUs) and pathotroph-saprotroph-symbiotroph (18 OTUs) using FunGuild database. Among these OTUs, about 54 OTUs could be considered as putative species of orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF). For both Bletilla species, significant temporal variation was observed in the diversity of root endophytic fungi. The florescence and emergence periods had higher fungal community richness of total species and endemic species than did other periods. Both Bletilla species were dominated by Agaricomycetes and Basidiomycota fungi throughout the whole year; however, their abundances varied between two Bletilla species and among phenological stages. Meanwhile, the ranges of 13C and 15N natural abundance were also highly dynamic across all growth stages of Bletilla species. Compared with the surrounding autotrophic plants, significant 13C enrichments (ε13C) were found across all phenological stages, while significant 15N enrichment in the florescence period and strong 15N depletion during the fruiting period were found for both Bletilla species. We can deduce that both Bletilla species obtained carbon from root endophytic fungi during the whole year. Additionally, the temporal varying tendency of root endophytic fungal diversity was consistent with 13C enrichments, which was also accord with the nutritional requirement of plant.

scholarly journals Community composition of root-associated fungi in aQuercus-dominated temperate forest: “codominance” of mycorrhizal and root-endophytic fungi

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 1281-1293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirokazu Toju ◽  
Satoshi Yamamoto ◽  
Hirotoshi Sato ◽  
Akifumi S. Tanabe ◽  
Gregory S. Gilbert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Root Endophytic Fungi

scholarly journals Root Endophytic Fungal Community and Carbon and Nitrogen Stable Isotope Patterns Differ among Bletilla Species (Orchidaceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Xinhua Zeng ◽  
Ziyi Ni ◽  
Haixin Diao ◽  
Kai Jiang ◽  
Chao Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Symbiotic Relationship ◽  
Mycorrhizal Infection ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Nitrogen Stable Isotope ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Infection Pattern ◽  
Root Endophytic Fungi

Orchids of the genus Bletilla are well-known ornamental plants and sources of traditional medicine in Asia that rely on the symbiotic relationship with root endophytic fungi throughout their whole life cycle. However, little is known about their fungal partners, infection pattern, and pathways of carbon gain. We investigated carbon and nitrogen stable isotope patterns in different organs of three Bletilla species, identified the root endophytic fungal community composition, and determined mycorrhizal colonization rates. The three Bletilla species were comprised by a polyphyletic group which belongs to different trophic modes, such as saprotroph, pathotroph, and symbiotroph; however, the dominant species and their abundances varied among Bletilla spp. Mycorrhizal infection rates also varied among Bletilla species, with B. striata (65% ± 25%) being significantly higher than those of B. formosana (35% ± 16%) and B. ochracea (22% ± 13%). Compared with surrounding autotrophic plants, all Bletilla spp. were significantly enriched in 13C with B. striata to a significantly higher level than other two Bletilla species. Among different organs, stems had higher δ13C values, while leaves and flowers had higher δ15N and total N content values across all three species. Our results indicate that the symbiotic relationship of Bletilla and its root endophytic fungi is not strictly specific. Although mycorrhizal infection rates were highly variable, the three Bletilla species had the same infection pattern with hyphae penetrating the cortex cell by the pathway cell. Different Bletilla species have different strategies for C allocation among plant organs. These findings provide new insights into the ecological adaptation of orchids and will contribute to Bletilla germplasm conservation and sustainable utilization.

scholarly journals Trophic Relationships and Habitat Preferences of Delphinids from the Southeastern Brazilian Coast Determined by Carbon and Nitrogen Stable Isotope Composition

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. e82205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Lemos Bisi ◽  
Paulo Renato Dorneles ◽  
José Lailson-Brito ◽  
Gilles Lepoint ◽  
Alexandre de Freitas Azevedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Trophic Relationships ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Stable Isotope Composition ◽  
Nitrogen Stable Isotope ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen

Community composition of endophytic fungi in Acer truncatum and their role in decomposition

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Sun ◽  
Liang-Dong Guo ◽  
K. D. Hyde
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Endophytic Fungi

scholarly journals Isolation of Endophytic Fungi QPS 05 from Quercus phillyraeoides A. Gray and Its Potential for α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Anastasia Wheni Indrianingsih ◽  
Amalia Indah Prihantini ◽  
Sanro Tachibana
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Endophytic Fungus ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Quercus Phillyraeoides ◽  
Alternaria Sp ◽  
Harmful Effects

AbstractEndophytic fungi are the microorganisms that spend all or part of their life cycles within plant tissue without causing harmful effects on the plant. In this study, 14 endophytic fungus from Quercus phillyraeoides A. Gray were isolated. Alternaria sp. QPS 05, an endophytic fungi which was isolated from the stem of Q. phillyraeoides A. Gray showed the highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Further separation of ethyl acetate extract from the fungus led to the isolation of active substance from hexane-soluble fraction which give fatty acids mixture consist of palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid (1) strong inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase. Isolated fatty acids (1) had inhibitory concentration (IC50) values against Saccharomyces cerevisiae was 12.10 μg/mL. The results of the present study showed that endophytic fungus from Alternaria sp. QPS 05 potentially contained a rich source of natural antidiabetic medicine.

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal stable isotope variation of a benthic primary consumer in a simple food web in a strongly acidic lake

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideyuki Doi ◽  
Eisuke Kikuchi ◽  
Shigeto Takagi ◽  
Shuichi Shikano
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Stable Isotope Composition ◽  
Nitrogen Stable Isotope ◽  
Chironomid Larvae ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Analysis of aquatic food webs is typically undertaken using carbon and nitrogen stable isotope composition of consumer and producer species. However, the trophic consequences of spatio-temporal variation in the isotope composition of consumers have not been well evaluated. Lake Katanuma, Japan, is highly acidic and has only one dominant species of benthic alga and one planktonic microalga, making it a prime system for studying trophic relationships between primary consumers and producers. In this simple lake food web, we conducted a field survey to evaluate spatial and temporal variation in the carbon and nitrogen stable isotope composition of a chironomid larvae in association with a single benthic and planktonic alga. We found a significant correlation between carbon stable isotope ratios of the chironomid larvae and the benthic diatom species in the lake. Thus, chironomid larvae may represent a reliable isotopic baseline for estimating isotope values in benthic diatoms. However, although the correlation held in shallow water, at four m depths, there was no significant relationship between the isotope ratios of chironomids and benthic diatoms, probably because deep-water larvae spend part of their life cycle migrating from the lake shore to deeper water. The differing isotope ratios of deeper chironomid tissues likely reflect the feeding history of individuals during this migration.

Metabolomics-based chemotaxonomy of root endophytic fungi for natural products discovery

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 1253-1270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose G. Maciá-Vicente ◽  
Yan-Ni Shi ◽  
Zakaria Cheikh-Ali ◽  
Peter Grün ◽  
Kyriaki Glynou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Root Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Natural Products Discovery
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