scholarly journals Importance of Plants with Extremely Small Populations (PSESPs) in Endemic-Rich Areas, Elements Often Forgotten in Conservation Strategies

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1504
Author(s):  
Donatella Cogoni ◽  
Giuseppe Fenu ◽  
Carlo Dessì ◽  
Angela Deidda ◽  
Cesario Giotta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Small Populations ◽  
Species Status ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Disjunct Populations ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Threatened Habitat

The distribution of the threatened fern Ophioglossum vulgatum L., a plant with extremely small populations (PSESPs) in Sardinia, is characterized by small disjunct populations with only a few individuals, and little is known about its status in the wild. To provide information for the conservation of O. vulgatum and with the aim to develop an in situ conservation strategy, we investigated its distribution, population size, and habitat. Field surveys confirmed that the species grows in only five localities. Two representative populations were selected for this study (Funtanamela and Gedili), and in each population, all plants were mapped and monitored monthly from April to August over an 8-year period. During the study, the populations had a very low number of reproductive plants and the populations appeared to be in decline, with the total number of plants per population slightly decreased in Gedili while a sharp reduction was recorded in Funtanamela due to wild boar threat. A fence was built in order to protect the site from further damage, but no noticeable signals of recovery were observed. The most urgent conservation requirement for this species is to preserve the threatened habitat of the remnant populations. Further field surveys and research are also required for an improved understanding of the species’ status.

scholarly journals Rescuing Christensenia aesculifolia (Marattiaceae), a plant species with an extremely small population in China

Oryx ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 436-438
Author(s):  
Lei Cai ◽  
Guiliang Zhang ◽  
Jianying Xiang ◽  
Zhiling Dao ◽  
Weibang Sun
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Small Populations ◽  
Species Status ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Field Investigations ◽  
Threatened Habitat ◽  
Extant Population

AbstractThe rare and threatened fern Christensenia aesculifolia of South-east Asia is listed in China as a second-ranked plant for national protection and is also categorized as one of 62 plant species with extremely small populations by the Yunnan provincial government. Field investigations during 2014–2017 failed to relocate one previously known population, and revealed that the single known extant population of C. aesculifolia contains only 10 individual plants. The most urgent conservation requirement for this species is to conserve the threatened habitat of the remnant population. Further field surveys and research are also required for an improved understanding of the species’ status.

scholarly journals Ecology and conservation of a living fossil: Australia's Wollemi Pine (Wollemia nobilis)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berin Dylan Ewing Mackenzie ◽  
Steve W. Clarke ◽  
Heidi C. Zimmer ◽  
Edward C. Y. Liew ◽  
Maureen T. Phelan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Fire Regimes ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Living Fossil ◽  
In The Wild

The iconic Wollemi Pine (Wollemia nobilis) is a critically endangered Australian conifer and one of the world’s rarest trees with only 46 mature individuals remaining in the wild. The species is regarded as a ‘living fossil’ and was discovered on the brink of extinction following a natural historical decline. While its discovery has enabled crucial intervention for its long-term conservation, it has also created novel threats. Wollemia nobilis is facing extinction in the wild due to its highly restricted distribution, extremely small population size, and ongoing impacts from exotic pathogens, inappropriate fire regimes, unauthorised site visitation, and anthropogenic climate change. A highly successful, collaborative program combining in situ management, ecological research and monitoring with public education and ex situ conservation strategies, such as translocation and commercial cultivation, is enhancing the species’ long-term survival. The extended longevity and slow growth and maturation of wild Wollemi Pine present unique challenges to effective in situ conservation, including the multidecadal timescales required to deliver certain conservation objectives. The continued success of the conservation program depends on strong forward planning, intergenerational commitment and collaboration, and ongoing public support.

scholarly journals In-situ kuskus conservation strategy in Wakasihu Village, West Leihitu District, Central Maluku District

2021 ◽  
Vol 883 (1) ◽  
pp. 012088
Author(s):  
Y Th Latupapua ◽  
F F Tetelay ◽  
F Soselisa ◽  
C K Pattinasarany ◽  
L Latupapua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Tree Level

Abstract Kuskus, a marsupial species belonging to the Phalangeridae family that is vulnerable in the IUCN Redlist, is one of the endemic animals whose survival is currently very concerning due to habitat destruction and poaching, so conservation activities need to be carried out immediately. This study aims to identify the characteristics of the habitat, type of feed, and in situ conservation strategies in the Wakasiu forest, Leihitu Barat sub-district, Central Maluku district. This research was conducted in October 2020. Habitat characteristics were identified using vegetation analysis, forage types were identified using direct and indirect observations, and insitu conservation strategies using SWOT analysis. The highest index of importance at the tree level in the line of observation is the type of gayam (lnocarpus fagifer) (20.19%), at the level of weaning is the langsat species (70.32%) the level of the pole type of brown (69.27%). The diversity level of plant species is high and the level of evenness of plant species is even. There are 24 types of plants recorded as potential for special feed. The in-situ conservation strategy that is carried out is planting the type of feed preferred by the specialists, so as to provide a stable feed availability during the successive fruiting period. Apart from that, the restriction of hunting for specialties is through written regulations and the imposition of sanctions.

scholarly journals Exploration of plant diversity at the forest patches in North Sulawesi and Their Conservation Strategy

2021 ◽  
Vol 948 (1) ◽  
pp. 012048
Author(s):  
H Helmanto ◽  
M Siregar ◽  
S U Rahmawati ◽  
Usman ◽  
U Sahrudin
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
North Sulawesi

Abstract North Sulawesi is one of the provinces which is included in the Wallacea area which is the world’s source biological diversity and endemism hotspot. Forest fragmentation and population growth is the greatest threat to a variety of Wallacea endemic species. This study aims to explore the plant diversity in various forest patches in North Sulawesi and their conservation strategies. The research was conducted in 7 forest locations. This research uses exploration method. Exploration results found 259 collection numbers consisting of 154 species, 114 genera and 53 families. Orchidaceae is the most commonly family found (48 species and 26 genera), followed by Moraceae (18 species) and Piperaceae (16 species). Four species of Begonia were identified as endemic Sulawesi, 3 number potential as new species. Potential of new species is also likely on the Alpinia spp. (Zingiberaceae) and Piper spp. because has a large variety. Forest patches in the study area still have a high variety of species but mostly surrounded by people’s gardens and exploited potentially. In situ conservation complementary with ex situ is a conservation strategy which needs to be carried out.

THE ESSENTIAL CONTRIBUTION OF CAPTIVE SUMATRAN ELEPHANT IN ELEPHANT TRAINING CENTER, WAY KAMBAS NATIONAL PARK FOR WILDLIFE GENETICS CONSERVATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elly Lestari Rustiati ◽  
Priyambodo Priyambodo ◽  
Yanti Yulianti ◽  
Eko Agus Srihanto ◽  
Dian Neli Pratiwi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Training Center ◽  
Conservation Effort ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Wildlife Genetics ◽  
Way Kambas National Park ◽  
Human Conflict ◽  
Essential Contribution

Way Kambas National Park (WKNP) is home of five protected big mammals including sumatran elephants.  It shares its border with 22 of 37 villages surrounding the national park.  Understanding their existence in the wild is a priority, and  wildlife genetics is a crucially needed. Besides poaching and habitat fragmentation, wildlife-human conflict is one big issue.  Elephant Training Center (ETC) in WKNP is built for semi in-situ conservation effort on captive sumatran elephants that mainly have conflict histories with local people.  Participative observation and bio-molecular analysis were conducted to learn the importance of captive Sumatran elephant for conservation effort.  Through captive sumatran elephants, database and applicable methods are expected to be developed supporting the conservation of their population in the wild.  Participative observation and molecular identification was carried on captive sumatran elephants in ETC, WKNP under multiple year Terapan grant of Ministry of Research and Technology Higher Education, Indonesia. Gene sequence and cytological analyses showed that the captive sumatran elephants are closely related and tend to be domesticated.  Translocation among ETC to avoid inbreeding, and maintaining the captive sumatran elephant as natural as possible are highly recommended. Developing genetic database can be a reference for both captive and wild sumatran elephants.

scholarly journals Application of the MSAP Technique to Evaluate Epigenetic Changes in Plant Conservation

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (20) ◽  
pp. 7459
Author(s):  
María Elena González-Benito ◽  
Miguel Ángel Ibáñez ◽  
Michela Pirredda ◽  
Sara Mira ◽  
Carmen Martín
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Plant Conservation ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Methylation Patterns

Epigenetic variation, and particularly DNA methylation, is involved in plasticity and responses to changes in the environment. Conservation biology studies have focused on the measurement of this variation to establish demographic parameters, diversity levels and population structure to design the appropriate conservation strategies. However, in ex situ conservation approaches, the main objective is to guarantee the characteristics of the conserved material (phenotype and epi-genetic). We review the use of the Methylation Sensitive Amplified Polymorphism (MSAP) technique to detect changes in the DNA methylation patterns of plant material conserved by the main ex situ plant conservation methods: seed banks, in vitro slow growth and cryopreservation. Comparison of DNA methylation patterns before and after conservation is a useful tool to check the fidelity of the regenerated plants, and, at the same time, may be related with other genetic variations that might appear during the conservation process (i.e., somaclonal variation). Analyses of MSAP profiles can be useful in the management of ex situ plant conservation but differs in the approach used in the in situ conservation. Likewise, an easy-to-use methodology is necessary for a rapid interpretation of data, in order to be readily implemented by conservation managers.

Towards community-based in situ conservation strategies: a typological analysis of Borgou cattle herding systems in northeastern Benin

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 1055-1064
Author(s):  
Hilaire S. S. Worogo ◽  
Rachidi Idrissou ◽  
Alassan S. Assani ◽  
Josias S. Adjassin ◽  
Maximilien Azalou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Community Based

scholarly journals Black poplar: A model for gene resource conservation in forest ecosystems

2001 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Lefèvre ◽  
Davorin Kajba ◽  
Berthold Heinze ◽  
Peter Rotach ◽  
Sven M. G. de Vries ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Populus Nigra ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Riparian Ecosystems ◽  
Conservation Of Genetic Resources ◽  
The Subject

Conservation of genetic resources of forest trees has become a major objective for the management of forests. Much theoretical work has been devoted to the subject, and implementation has already started at the local, national, or international scales. Poplars are probably the most representative and threatened forest tree species of old natural floodplain forests in the temperate zone. Gene conservation needs to be integrated with intensive breeding activities, habitat conservation and restoration. For Populus nigra, while research in genetics and ecology is reinforced, a combined conservation strategy is applied at the European scale; simultaneously, the conservation of riparian ecosystems is also a priority. Research and application benefit from each other. The question now is the evaluation of such an integrated strategy. Criteria and indicators for the follow-up of gene resource management are progressively developed, but still need to be tested on the operational scale. Key words: Populus nigra, poplar, gene resources, in situ conservation, ex situconservation, riparian ecosystem, sustainable management

Strategies for conservation of germplasm in endemic redwoods in the face of climate change: a review

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Ahuja
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Coast Redwood ◽  
Giant Sequoia ◽  
The Face

This study reviews the various conservation strategies applied to the four redwood species, namely coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens), Sierra redwood or giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum), dawn redwood (Metasequoia glyptostroboides) and South American redwood or alerce (Fitzroya cupressoides), which are endemic in the USA, China and South America, respectively. All four redwood genera belong to the family Cupressaceae; they are monospecific, share a number of common phenotypic traits, including red wood, and are threatened in their native ranges due to human activity and a changing climate. Therefore, the management objective should be to conserve representative populations of the native species with as much genetic diversity as possible for their future survival. Those representative populations exhibiting relatively high levels of genetic diversity should be selected for germplasm preservation and monitored during the conservation phase by using molecular markers. In situ and ex situ strategies for the preservation of germplasm of the redwoods are discussed in this study. A holistic in situ gene conservation strategy calls for the regeneration of a large number of diverse redwood genotypes that exhibit adequate levels of neutral and adaptive genetic variability, by generative and vegetative methods for their preservation and maintenance in their endemic locations. At the same time, it would be desirable to conserve the redwoods in new ex situ reserves, away from their endemic locations with similar as well as different environmental conditions for testing their growth and survival capacities. In addition, other ex situ strategies involving biotechnological approaches for preservation of seeds, tissues, pollen and DNA in genebanks should also be fully exploited in the face of global climate change.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document