scholarly journals Sewage Pollution Promotes the Invasion-Related Traits of Impatiens glandulifera in an Oligotrophic Habitat of the Sharr Mountain (Western Balkans)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2814
Author(s):  
Milos Stanojevic ◽  
Maja Trailovic ◽  
Tijana Dubljanin ◽  
Zoran Krivošej ◽  
Miroslav Nikolic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Impatiens Glandulifera ◽  
Himalayan Balsam ◽  
Competitive Species ◽  
Vegetation Species ◽  
Very High ◽  
Impatiens Glandulifera Royle

An annual plant, Himalayan balsam (Impatiens glandulifera Royle) is globally widespread and one of Europe’s top invaders. We focused on two questions: does this species indeed not invade the southern areas and does the environment affect some of its key invisibility traits. In an isolated model mountainous valley, we jointly analyzed the soil (21 parameters), the life history traits of the invader (height, stem diameter, aboveground dw), and the resident vegetation (species composition and abundances, Ellenberg indicator values), and supplemented it with local knowledge (semi-structured interviews). Uncontrolled discharge of fecal wastewaters directly into the local dense hydrological network fostered mass infestation of an atypical habitat. The phenotypic plasticity of the measured invasion-related traits was very high in the surveyed early invasion (30–50% invader cover) stages. Different microhabitat conditions consistently correlated with its growth performance. The largest individuals were restricted to the deforested riparian habitats, with extreme soil nutrient enrichment (primarily by P and K) and low-competitive, species-poor resident vegetation. We showed that ecological context can modify invasion-related traits and what could affect a further invasion process. Finally, this species is likely underreported in the wider region; public attitude and loss of traditional ecological knowledge are further management risks.

The biology of invasive alien plants in Canada. 9. Impatiens glandulifera Royle

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R Clements ◽  
Kathleen R Feenstra ◽  
Karen Jones ◽  
Richard Staniforth
Keyword(s):  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Impatiens Glandulifera ◽  
Himalayan Balsam ◽  
Canadian Provinces ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Herbicide Use ◽  
Impatiens Glandulifera Royle

Impatiens glandulifera Royle (Himalayan balsam) is an invasive alien annual up to 3 m in height with showy flowers that are generally pink or purplish. Native to the Himalayan region, I. glandulifera was first recorded in Canada in 1901 in Ottawa, and is now found in eight Canadian provinces: British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland. Impatiens glandulifera is typically found in riparian habitats and may spread rapidly because its seeds are readily transported via waterways. Up to 2500 seeds are produced per plant and dispersed explosively up to 5 m from the parent plant. This can result in dense monotypic stands which prevent establishment of native plants and make stream banks vulnerable to erosion when the shallow-rooted plants die back. Impatiens glandulifera is susceptible to glyphosate but because herbicide use in riparian areas is not advised, other control methods such as hand weeding, mowing or flaming have been used. Methods for eradication are most successful when upstream populations are controlled first, as the plants spread downstream. Removal of I. glandulifera should be managed synchronously with non-native control measures and ideally be accompanied by planting native species to ensure the restoration of native species composition. The prognosis for curbing its spread in Canada seems poor as it has quite rapidly become established along waterways in many regions, following a pattern seen over the past two centuries in Europe. Key words: Impatiens glandulifera, Impatiens roylei, Himalayan balsam, impatiente glanduleuse, policeman's helmet riparian, invasive plant, weed biology

scholarly journals Growing and Flowering in a Changing Climate: Effects of Higher Temperatures and Drought Stress on the Bee-Pollinated Species Impatiens glandulifera Royle

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 988
Author(s):  
Charlotte Descamps ◽  
Najet Boubnan ◽  
Anne-Laure Jacquemart ◽  
Muriel Quinet
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Floral Traits ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Impatiens Glandulifera ◽  
Nectar Volume ◽  
Resistance Strategies ◽  
Physiological Resistance ◽  
Impatiens Glandulifera Royle

Drought and higher temperatures caused by climate change are common stress conditions affecting plant growth and development. The reproductive phase is particularly sensitive to stress, but plants also need to allocate their limited resources to produce floral traits and resources to attract pollinators. We investigated the physiological and floral consequences of abiotic stress during the flowering period of Impatiens glandulifera, a bee-pollinated species. Plants were exposed to three temperatures (21, 24, 27 °C) and two watering regimes (well-watered, water stress) for 3 weeks. Not all parameters measured responded in the same manner to drought and/or heat stress. Drought stress induced leaf senescence, decreasing leaf number by 15–30% depending on growth temperature. Drought also reduced photosynthetic output, while temperature rise affected stomatal conductance. The number of flowers produced dropped 40–90% in response to drought stress, while higher temperatures shortened flower life span. Both stresses affected floral traits, but flower resources diminished in response to higher temperatures, with lower nectar volume and pollen protein content. We conclude that increased temperatures and drought stress, which are becoming more frequent with climate change, can negatively affect flowering, even if plants deploy physiological resistance strategies.

scholarly journals Ichthyological ethnoknowledge of the “piabeiros” from the Amazon region, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel da Silva Ladislau ◽  
Maiko Willas Soares Ribeiro ◽  
Philip Dalbert da Silva Castro ◽  
Jackson Pantoja-Lima ◽  
Paulo Henrique Rocha Aride ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Local Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Ornamental Fish ◽  
Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Negro River ◽  
Artisanal Fishers ◽  
Ecological Aspects

Abstract Background The capture of ornamental fish is one of the main economic activities of riverine families in the Amazon. However, studies regarding the local ecological knowledge of workers in this activity are still incipient. In view of this, we have studied and explored the local ecological knowledge of artisanal fishers who specialize in the capture of fish for the aquarium trade in the middle part of the Negro River basin and investigated issues related to the ecological aspects of the fish species that are targeted by this trade in the region. Methods Therefore, we conducted semi-structured interviews and applied questionnaires to artisanal fishers of ornamental fish (N = 89), from the municipality of Barcelos, from January to April 2016. Results In total, 41 popular names were cited, which correspond to four ethnocategories and 10 families. The main species were Paracheirodon axelrodi (12.5%), Hemigrammus bleheri (8.3%), Ancistrus dolichopterus (6.4%), Symphysodon discus (5.3%), and Potamotrygon motoro (3.8%). According to the fishers, the species of fish known in the region as “piabas” have a preference for living in clusters (28.9%) and carry out migratory movements (26.1%). The diet of local fish species reported by fisheries is diverse, though mainly based on periphyton (42.2%), and the reproductive cycle directly influenced by the period of flooding of rivers in the region (37.6%) Conclusion Our study revealed that the fishers possess information on the ecological aspects of local ornamental fish species, many of which are consistent with scientific literature. The information presented may assist in the decision-making process for the management of local fishery resources and contribute to the resumption of growth and sustainability in the capture of ornamental fish.

scholarly journals Soil Nutrient Status of Brahmaputra Floodplain Area in Tangail Sadar Upazila for Agricultural Uses

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
MAM Hossen ◽  
SA Lira ◽  
MY Mia ◽  
AKMM Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Nutrient Status ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
P Content ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Floodplain Area ◽  
Very High ◽  
Brahmaputra Floodplain

Soil samples from high land, medium high land, medium low land and low land of Brahmaputra Floodplain area showed that pH of the soils were slightly acidic; organic matter (OM) content was medium; total nitrogen (N), available potassium (K) and boron (B) content were low; available phosphorus (P) content was very low; available sulfur (S) and calcium (Ca) content were medium to very high; magnesium (Mg) and zinc (Zn) content were low to optimum; copper (Cu), manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe) content were very high suggesting the fact that soils of this area is moderately suitable for agricultural uses.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 8(2): 11-14 2015

scholarly journals Managing high risk offenders in the community: Compliance, cooperation and consent in a climate of concern

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth Weaver ◽  
Monica Barry
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Community Safety ◽  
Community Supervision ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Active Engagement ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Safety Control ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Supervisory Process ◽  
Very High

It is increasingly accepted that the change process underpinning the intended outcomes of community supervision, namely community safety, social rehabilitation and reintegration, cannot be achieved without the service user’s active involvement and participation in the process. Their consent, compliance and cooperation is therefore necessary to achieving these outcomes and yet, when it comes to very high risk sexual and violent offenders, in the pursuit of community safety, control oriented, preventative practices predominate over change focused, participatory approaches. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 26 professionals and 26 service users to explore how, under the auspices of MAPPA, the supervisory process is enacted and experienced, and the extent and means through which it affects people’s willingness to accept or invest in not only the process but also the purpose of supervision. It is argued that how the process of community supervision is experienced and what it comprises not only shapes the outcomes of supervision but also the nature of consent, compliance and cooperation. We conclude by advocating for more participatory processes and practices to promote service users’ active engagement in, and ownership of, the process of change, and in that, the realisation of both the normative dimensions and intended outcomes of community supervision.

scholarly journals Local ecological knowledge on the goliath grouper epinephelus itajara (teleostei: serranidae) in southern Brazil

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leopoldo Cavaleri Gerhardinger ◽  
Rosemeri Carvalho Marenzi ◽  
Áthila Andrade Bertoncini ◽  
Rodrigo Pereira Medeiros ◽  
Maurício Hostim-Silva
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Local Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Knowledge System ◽  
Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Local Conservation ◽  
Spawning Aggregations ◽  
Long Line ◽  
Goliath Grouper

The goliath grouper Epinephelus itajara is a large sized (> 400 kg) and critically endangered marine fish, which is protected in many countries, including Brazil. Through the application of semi-structured interviews, we investigated the local ecological knowledge of seven fishermen specialist on catching E. itajara from the Babitonga bay, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Local long-line fisheries for E. itajara seemed to be a disappearing tradition in the studied site, with a detailed inherent local ecological knowledge system, which is also being lost. Our study also showed that fishermen engaged in recent fisheries, such as spear-fishing, can also possess a detailed local ecological knowledge system. Through the analysis of fishermen local ecological knowledge, several aspects of E. itajara life history were registered. This species is found in the inner and outer Babitonga bay, from saline waters to areas with a large input of freshwater, and inhabits submerged wooden substrates and artificial reefs such as shipwrecks, mooring pillars and cargo containers. It is known to spawn in December and subsequent summer months in the studied area. Spawning aggregations are usually seen in December (during full moon), being also eventually observed in January and February by our informants. While lobsters, spadefishes and octopuses seem to constitute the most important food items of inner bay E. itajara, outer bay individuals may feed on catfishes, crustaceans and other fish species. The goliath grouper is regarded as pacific and curious fish, but frequently display agonistic behavior in the presence of divers. Based on the perception of well experienced spear fishermen, we hypothesize that E. itajara undertakes seasonal migrations from the inner to the outer bay during summer, and that the studied population is suffering from growth over-fishing. Our data provides a practical evidence of how joining scientific and local ecological knowledge will likely benefit E. itajara local conservation and management practices by adding important new biological data into the decision-making process.

scholarly journals Forestación peridoméstica en Patagonia y conocimiento ecológico tradicional: un estudio de caso

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 321 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Betina Cardoso ◽  
Ana Haydeé Ladio
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Multivariate Methods ◽  
Small Community ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Living Space ◽  
Rio Negro ◽  
Forested Areas

The Patagoniansteppe is a cultural landscape which is constantly being recreated by man. In this case study, peridomestic forestation oftree species was analysed in a small community, including the richness of plants used and the reasons behind their choice.In the Mapuche population of Pilkiniyeu del Limay (Río Negro) free and semi-structured interviews were carried out with28 interviewees. The data was analysed using both uni- and multivariate methods. Results indicate that nine exotic speciesare used. These forested areas, used for meetings and recreation, provide useful living space and are of great socialimportance. The principal motivation behind this forestation is the need for materials for building fences (96%), toprovide shelter from the elements (86%), firewood (43%), and cattle fodder (11%). The MSD revealed a shared valuesystem with respect to the forestation. The traditional ecological knowledge that people use in the selection and use offirewood species does not seem to have an influence on choices made when planting trees around their homes. This couldindicate that forestation is a general practice deeply rooted and influenced by the oblique transmission carried out byexternal agriculture agents who visit and offer help to this community.

scholarly journals Distribution, naturalization status, invasion history and plant communities of Impatiens glandulifera Royle (Balsaminaceae) in Siberia

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 00004
Author(s):  
Alexander Ebel ◽  
Wojciech Adamowski ◽  
Svetlana Mikhailova ◽  
Alla Verkhozina ◽  
Elena Zykova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Invasion History ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Altai Republic ◽  
Impatiens Glandulifera ◽  
Anthropogenic Habitats ◽  
Suburban Forests ◽  
Impatiens Glandulifera Royle

All available data on the distribution of Impatiens glandulifera Royle in Siberia was analyzed. The species appeared in Siberia as an unpretentious ornamental plant around the middle of the 20th century. Cases of withdrawal from culture have been recorded since the 1970s and 1980s; mass naturalization began at the end of the 20th century. Currently, the species is common in many regions of Siberia, but the most active in the Altai Territory, the Altai Republic, Kemerovo, Novosibirsk, Tomsk and Irkutsk Regions. It is common in anthropogenic habitats; it can also often be found in suburban forests, ravines, along the banks of water bodies. It shows tolerance to habitat conditions, but is especially active in areas with a close occurrence of groundwater on humus-rich soils. The species richness of I. glandulifera communities is from 10-15 to 40 species. In total, about 100 species of vascular plants were recorded in I. glandulifera communities in Siberia

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