scholarly journals Foliar Application of Polyamines Modulates Winter Oilseed Rape Responses to Increasing Cold

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elžbieta Jankovska-Bortkevič ◽  
Virgilija Gavelienė ◽  
Vaidevutis Šveikauskas ◽  
Rima Mockevičiūtė ◽  
Jurga Jankauskienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Cold Resistance ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Ethylene Emission ◽  
Stimulation Of

Cold stress is one of the most common abiotic stresses experienced by plants and is caused by low temperature extremes and variations. Polyamines (PAs) have been reported to contribute in abiotic stress defense processes in plants. The present study investigates the survival and responses of PA-treated non-acclimated (N) and acclimated (A) winter oilseed rape to increasing cold conditions. The study was conducted under controlled conditions. Seedlings were foliarly sprayed with spermidine (Spd), spermine (Spm), and putrescine (Put) solutions (1 mM) and exposed to four days of cold acclimation (4 °C) and two days of increasing cold (from −1 to −3 °C). Two cultivars with different cold tolerance were used in this study. The recorded traits included the percentage of survival, H+-ATPase activity, proline accumulation, and ethylene emission. Exogenous PA application improved cold resistance, maintained the activity of plasma membrane H+-ATPase, increased content of free proline, and delayed stimulation of ethylene emission under increasing cold. The results of the current study on winter oilseed rape revealed that foliar application of PAs may activate a defensive response (act as elicitor to trigger physiological processes), which may compensate the negative impact of cold stress. Thus, cold tolerance of winter oilseed rape can be enhanced by PA treatment.

scholarly journals Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Potential Gene Modules Associated with Cold Tolerance in Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Huang ◽  
Yongsheng Liang ◽  
Baoqing Zhang ◽  
Xiupeng Song ◽  
Yangrui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Cold Resistance ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Calcium Signal ◽  
Protein Kinase Activity ◽  
Comparative Transcriptome ◽  
Climate Conditions

AbstractSugarcane is an important crop worldwide, and most sugar is derived directly from sugarcane. Due to its thermophilic nature, the yield of sugarcane is largely influenced by extreme climate conditions, especially cold stress. Therefore, the development of sugarcane with improved cold tolerance is an important goal. However, little is known about the multiple mechanisms underlying cold acclimation at the bud stage in sugarcane. In this study, we emphasized that sensitivity to cold stress was higher for the sugarcane variety ROC22 than for GT42, as determined by physical signs, including bud growth capacity, relative conductivity, malonaldehyde contents, and soluble sugar contents. To understand the factors contributing to the difference in cold tolerance between ROC22 and GT42, comparative transcriptome analyses were performed. We found that genes involved in the regulation of the stability of the membrane system were the relative determinants of difference in cold tolerance. Additionally, genes related to protein kinase activity, starch metabolism, and calcium signal transduction were associated with cold tolerance. Finally, 25 candidate genes, including 23 variety-specific and 2 common genes, and 7 transcription factors were screened out for understanding the possible cold resistance mechanism. The findings of this study provide candidate gene resources for cold resistance and will improve our understanding of the regulation of cold tolerance at the bud stage in sugarcane.

scholarly journals Yield and quality of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) seeds in response to foliar application of boron

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Józef Jankowski ◽  
Mateusz Sokólski ◽  
Bogdan Dubis ◽  
Sławomir Krzebietke ◽  
Piotr Żarczyński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Feed Value ◽  
Fertilization Level

This paper presents the results of a 3-year field experiment conducted on soil with moderate levels of boron (B) in north-eastern Poland to determine the influence of foliar application of B (0, 150 and 300 g ha-1) on the yield components, yield, mineral composition, nutritional value and feed value of winter oilseed rape seeds. Foliar application of B at the beginning of bud formation in winter oilseed rape increased seed yield by 0.19 (3%) at the lower B fertilization level to 0.26 Mg ha-1 (4%) at the higher B fertilization level. The observed increase in the yield of winter oilseed rape seeds in response to foliar application of B can be attributed to this micronutrient’s positive influence on seed production in siliques. Foliar fertilization with B increased B content and decreased Zn and Fe levels in the seeds of winter oilseed rape. When B fertilizer was applied at the rate of 150–300 g ha-1, the N and Ca content of the evaluated seeds increased. The fertilizer improved the nutritional value (crude fat content, fatty acid concentrations) of seeds, but deteriorated their feed value (total protein content, acid detergent fiber concentrations, neutral detergent fiber concentrations, quantitative and qualitative composition of glucosinolates).

scholarly journals Yield of Winter Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L. var. napus) in a Short-Term Monoculture and the Macronutrient Accumulation in Relation to the Dose and Method of Sulphur Application

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Mariusz Stepaniuk ◽  
Aleksandra Głowacka
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Application Method ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this study was to assess the yield efficiency of sulphur-enhanced fertilisers, depending on the dose and application method, in a short-lived (three-year) monoculture of winter oilseed rape under the climate and soil conditions of south-eastern Poland. The experiment was carried out between 2010 and 2013 on winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L. var. napus) of the Orlando variety, fertilised with different sulphur doses—0, 20, 40 or 60 kg S ha−1 applied in different method—soil application sowing, foliar application in the spring, and soil application sowing + foliar application in the spring (combined application). Following the harvest, seed and straw yields and the content of macroelements (N, S, P, K, Ca and Mg) in the seed and straw samples were determined. The harvest indices were also established for each of these elements. The impact of sulphur on winter oilseed rape yield depended significantly on both the dose and the application method. Even at the lowest dose (20 kg·ha−1), sulphur materially increased seed yield, regardless of the application method. With autumn soil application and foliar application, differences between the lowest dose and the higher doses (40 and 60 kg·ha−1) were not significant. However, with combined application, the highest dose (60 kg·ha−1) significantly increased yield compared to the lower doses. In general, all the fertilisation approaches significantly increased the N, P, K, Ca and Mg contents compared to the control sample, but the differences between them were not substantial. Each of the sulphur application approaches decreased the harvest index for sulphur. The foliar application of each of the doses decreased the harvest indices for N, P, K and Ca. The soil application of 20 kg·ha−1, and the mixed application of 40 and 60 kg·ha−1, all increased the harvest indices for P, K and Ca.

scholarly journals Improvement of cold tolerance of winter oilseed rape by exogenous amino acids

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Remigijus Peleckis ◽  
Natalija Burbulis ◽  
Aušra Blinstrubienė
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Winter Rape ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Neck Diameter

Research was carried out at the Experimental Station of Aleksandras Stulginskis University on Calc(ar)i-Endohypogleyic Luvisol (LVg-n-w-cc) during 2014–2017. The effect of exogenous amino acids on the cold tolerance of the linear cultivar ‘Cult’ of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L. spp. oleifera biennis Metzg.) was studied. In autumn the plants were sprayed with L-proline and L-glutamic acid one or two times. The biometric parameters of winter oilseed rape prepared for wintering, the amount of endogenous proline and over-wintering of plants were evaluated. It was determined that exogenous L-proline and L-glutamic acid stimulated the growth of green mass of the winter rape surface, accumulation of dry matter and increase of the root neck diameter in the autumn period. The investigated concentrations of L-proline and L-glutamic acid stimulated a more intensive synthesis of endogenous proline in winter oilseed rape plants during the preparation for wintering. The highest percentage of over-wintering has been determined in the variants where in the autumn plants were sprayed two times with 30 mM l–1 L-proline or 1.5 M l–1 L-glutamic acid.

scholarly journals WINTER OILSEED RAPE YIELD DEPENDING ON FOLIAR FERTILIZATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Anna Sikorska ◽  
Marek Gugała ◽  
Krystyna Zarzecka
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Growth Type ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Foliar Fertilizer ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

Background. An insufficient amount of nutrients in plants results in the disturbance of basic physiological processes, weakens the growth and development of plants, and consequently contributes to a reduction in yield. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of foliar fertilizers containing sulphur, boron and amino acids on the seed yield of three winter oilseed rape morphotypes (Monolit, PX115, PT248).Material and methods. The study was carried out in 2016-2019 at the Zawady Agricultural Experimental Station (52o03' N; 22o33' E) belonging to the University of Natural Sciences and Humanities in Siedlce, in Poland. The field experiment was established in a split-plot design with three replicates. The studied factors were: I – three winter oilseed rape morphotypes: population (cv. Monolit), restored with the traditional growth type (cv. PT248), and restored with the semi-dwarf growth type (cv. PX115); II – types of foliar feeding: 1. The control variant – without foliar feeding and amino acids applied, 2. biostimulant Aminoplant, 3. foliar fertilizer Siarkomag + foliar fertilizer Bormax, 4. foliar fertilizer Siarkomag + foliar fertilizer Bormax + biostimulant Aminoplant.Results. Foliar fertilizers used in the experiment increased the thousand seed weight (on average in the range from 0.9% to 3.4%), seed yield (on average in the range from 2.5% to 18.5%), straw yield (on average in the range from 2.1% to 5.4%) and the harvest index (on average in the range from 4.4% to 7.5%). Of the compared cultivars the semi-dwarf cultivar (PX115) was characterized by the highest yield, while the lowest was from the population cultivar (Monolit). The highest thousand seed weight, main and secondary yields were obtained in the first year of the study which was characterized by a higher total rainfall during seed development and maturation of pods periods compared to the multi-year period, while the lowest levels of these factors was in the vegetation season of 2017–2018 with a humid autumn season and dry period during the flowering and maturation of pods.Conclusion. The most significant increase in the thousand seed weight and seed yield was obtained after applying mixed fertilizers containing sulphur, boron and amino acids. Additional foliar application of the biostimulant Aminoplant on plots with the population and semi-dwarf cultivars did not significantly increase the seed yield as compared to the control. A significant effect of the genetic factor and climatic conditions on the discussed traits has been demonstrated.

scholarly journals Selectivity and efficacy of herbicide GF-3488, containing synthetic auxins halauxifen-methyl and clopyralid, in winter oilseed rape crops in Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 388-400
Author(s):  
Ye.Yu. Morderer ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Galium Aparine ◽  
Synthetic Auxins ◽  
Simultaneous Control ◽  
Weeds Control ◽  
Block Experiment ◽  
Better Than

Halauxifen-methyl is a new synthetic auxin, which in combination with another auxin-like herbicide clopyralid is the active ingredient of complex herbicide GF-3488, that is used for dicotyledonous weeds control in winter oilseed rape crops. The reason of this study was a necessity to test crop selectivity and efficacy of GF-3488 to control dicotyledonous weeds in winter oilseed rape crops in Ukraine and also the possibility of GF-3488 application in the tank mixture with graminicide or/and insecticide to control monocotyledonous weeds and insects. A randomized block experiment was conducted in 2015—2017 in 4 locations. It was found that under spring applying, the GF-3488 is not inferior to another widely used herbicide Galera Super on selectivity to the crop. Herbicide GF-3488 at the rate 1.0 l/ha was significantly better than Galera Super at the rate 0.3 l/ha in controlling of annual dicotyledonous weeds Papaver rhoeas L., Galium aparine L., Consolida regalis S.F. Gray and was effective to control of certain types of cruciferous weeds, which are resistant to Galera Super. Adding graminicide Fusilade Forte and insecticide Nurelle D did not affect the GF-3488 selectivity to the crop and had no negative impact on dicotyledonous weeds control. Efficacy of monocotyledonous weeds control by graminicide did not change in the mixture with GF-3488. It was concluded that herbicide GF-3488 is effective on winter oilseed rape against dicotyledonous weed species. Therefore for the simultaneous control of dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous weeds in winter oilseed rape in the spring after the renewal of the crop vegetation herbicide GF-3488 is advisable to be used in a tank mixture with graminicides, and for simultaneous protection against weeds and pests it can be mixed with insecticides.

Program-Target Budgeting as a Tool for Investment Stimulation of Business

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. Masterov
Keyword(s):  
Current Practice ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Program Budgeting ◽  
Large Investment ◽  
Stimulation Of

The paper discusses the use of the program-targeted budgeting methodology in the investment stimulation of business in the most problem sectors of the economy. The subject of the study is the dynamics of business activity in key economic sectors adversely affected by factors of the economic and geopolitical nature. The purposes of the study were to identify the key factors that have a negative impact on economic growth and seek options for investment stimulation of business activities in the most problem sectors of the economy using state budget funds. It is concluded that the current practice of budget investment is associated with significant risks and poor justification of investment decisions. Therefore, the American practice of the program budgeting in the implementation of large investment infrastructure projects using budget funds seems to be advantageous. Based on the research findings, methods for increasing the effectiveness of program-target budgeting tools under the Russian conditions are proposed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document