scholarly journals Ionic Liquid Composite Polybenzimidazol Membranes for High Temperature PEMFC Applications

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Escorihuela ◽  
Abel García-Bernabé ◽  
Álvaro Montero ◽  
Óscar Sahuquillo ◽  
Enrique Giménez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Polymeric Matrix ◽  
Conductivity Enhancement ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Networks

A series of proton exchange membranes based on polybenzimidazole (PBI) were prepared using the low cost ionic liquids (ILs) derived from 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (BMIM) bearing different anions as conductive fillers in the polymeric matrix with the aim of enhancing the proton conductivity of PBI membranes. The composite membranes prepared by casting method (containing 5 wt. % of IL) exhibited good thermal, dimensional, mechanical, and oxidative stability for fuel cell applications. The effects of anion, temperature on the proton conductivity of phosphoric acid-doped membranes were systematically investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The PBI composite membranes containing 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium-derived ionic liquids exhibited high proton conductivity of 0.098 S·cm−1 at 120 °C when tetrafluoroborate anion was present in the polymeric matrix. This conductivity enhancement might be attributed to the formed hydrogen-bond networks between the IL molecules and the phosphoric acid molecules distributed along the polymeric matrix.

Proton Conducting Electrolyte Membranes based on Tungsten Oxide and Sulfonated Polyether Ether Ketone Hybrid Composites

2005 ◽  
Vol 885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Mecheri ◽  
Alessandra D'Epifanio ◽  
Maria Luisa Di Vona ◽  
Enrico Traversa ◽  
Silvia Licoccia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tungsten Oxide ◽  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
The Body ◽  
Polyether Ether Ketone ◽  
Sulfonated Polyether Ether Ketone ◽  
Ether Ketone

ABSTRACTComposite membranes, prepared by mixing sulfonated polyether ether ketone (SPEEK) and WO3·2H2O in dimethylacetamide, were characterized by Thermogravimetry, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy and Water Uptake measurements to evaluate their possible performance as proton exchange membranes (PEM). The body of results indicated the existence of a coordinative interaction between the water molecules of tungsten oxide and the sulfonic acid (-SO3H) groups of SPEEK. Moreover, EIS data demonstrated that the proton conductivity of the composite membranes is higher than both that of pure SPEEK and pure tungsten oxide, suggesting the presence of ion-rich regions where the proton transfer is favored. The SO3H - H2O interaction not only lead to enhancement of the proton conductivity of the membranes but also to improvement of their heat resistance as well as to decrease their water solubility.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Partially Renewable Oleic Acid-Based Ionomers for Proton Exchange Membranes

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Carlos Corona-García ◽  
Alejandro Onchi ◽  
Arlette A. Santiago ◽  
Araceli Martínez ◽  
Daniella Esperanza Pacheco-Catalán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Proton Exchange Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Aromatic Diamines ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Long Chain

The future availability of synthetic polymers is compromised due to the continuous depletion of fossil reserves; thus, the quest for sustainable and eco-friendly specialty polymers is of the utmost importance to ensure our lifestyle. In this regard, this study reports on the use of oleic acid as a renewable source to develop new ionomers intended for proton exchange membranes. Firstly, the cross-metathesis of oleic acid was conducted to yield a renewable and unsaturated long-chain aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, which was further subjected to polycondensation reactions with two aromatic diamines, 4,4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)bis(p-phenyleneoxy)dianiline and 4,4′-diamino-2,2′-stilbenedisulfonic acid, as comonomers for the synthesis of a series of partially renewable aromatic-aliphatic polyamides with an increasing degree of sulfonation (DS). The polymer chemical structures were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H, 13C, and 19F NMR) spectroscopy, which revealed that the DS was effectively tailored by adjusting the feed molar ratio of the diamines. Next, we performed a study involving the ion exchange capacity, the water uptake, and the proton conductivity in membranes prepared from these partially renewable long-chain polyamides, along with a thorough characterization of the thermomechanical and physical properties. The highest value of the proton conductivity determined by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was found to be 1.55 mS cm−1 at 30 °C after activation of the polymer membrane.

Proton Conductivity Enhancement by Nanostructural Control of Poly(benzimidazole)‐Phosphoric Acid Adducts

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 2595-2598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Weber ◽  
Klaus‐Dieter Kreuer ◽  
Joachim Maier ◽  
Arne Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Conductivity Enhancement

scholarly journals Design of Promising Green Cation-Exchange-Membranes-Based Sulfonated PVA and Doped with Nano Sulfated Zirconia for Direct Borohydride Fuel Cells

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 4205
Author(s):  
Marwa H. Gouda ◽  
Noha A. Elessawy ◽  
Sami A. Al-Hussain ◽  
Arafat Toghan
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Sulfated Zirconia ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Binary Polymer ◽  
Physicochemical Features ◽  
Direct Borohydride Fuel Cells

The direct borohydride fuel cell (DBFC) is a low-temperature fuel cell that requires the development of affordable price and efficient proton exchange membranes for commercial purposes. In this context, super-acidic sulfated zirconia (SO4ZrO2) was embedded into a cheap and environmentally friendly binary polymer blend, developed from poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and iota carrageenan (IC). The percentage of SO4ZrO2 ranged between 1 and 7.5 wt.% in the polymeric matrix. The study findings revealed that the composite membranes’ physicochemical features improved by adding increasing amounts of SO4ZrO2. In addition, there was a decrease in the permeability and swelling ratio of the borohydride membranes as the SO4ZrO2 weight% increased. Interestingly, the power density increased to 76 mW cm−2 at 150 mA cm−2, with 7.5 wt.% SO4ZrO2, which is very close to that of Nafion117 (91 mW cm−2). This apparent selectivity, combined with the low cost of the eco-friendly fabricated membranes, points out that DBFC has promising future applications.

Highly selective sulfonated Poly (arylene ether nitrile) composite membranes containing copper phthalocyanine grafted graphene oxide for direct methanol fuel cell

2021 ◽  
pp. 095400832110394
Author(s):  
Yan Ma ◽  
Kaixu Ren ◽  
Ziqiu Zeng ◽  
Mengna Feng ◽  
Yumin Huang
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Copper Phthalocyanine ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Methanol Permeability ◽  
Arylene Ether ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Sulfonated Poly

To improve the performances of sulfonated poly (arylene ether nitrile) (SPEN)–based proton exchange membranes (PEMs) in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs), the copper phthalocyanine grafted graphene oxide (CP-GO) was successfully prepared via in situ polymerization and subsequently incorporated into SPEN as filler to fabricate a series of SPEN/CP-GO-X (X represents for the mass ratio of CP-GO) composite membranes. The water absorption, swelling ratio, mechanical properties, proton conductivity, and methanol permeability of the membranes were systematically studied. CP-GO possesses good dispersion and compatibility with SPEN matrix, which is propitious to the formation of strong interfacial interactions with the SPEN, so as to provide more efficient transport channels for proton transfer in the composite membranes and significantly improve the proton conductivity of the membranes. Besides, the strong π–π conjugation interactions between CP-GO and SPEN matrix can make the composite membranes more compact, blocking the methanol transfer in the membranes, and significantly reducing the methanol permeability. Consequently, the SPEN/CP-GO-1 composite membrane displayed outstanding tensile strength (58 MPa at 100% RH and 25°C), excellent proton conductivity (0.178 S cm−1 at 60°C), and superior selectivity (5.552 × 105 S·cm−3·s). This study proposed a new method and strategy for the preparation of high performance PEMs.

scholarly journals Composite Sulfonated Polyether-Ether Ketone Membranes with SBA-15 for Electrochemical Energy Systems

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1570 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Rico-Zavala ◽  
J. L. Pineda-Delgado ◽  
A. Carbone ◽  
A. Saccà ◽  
E. Passalacqua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Methanol Permeability ◽  
Ether Ketone ◽  
Electrochemical Energy

The aim of this work is the evaluation of a Sulfonated Poly Ether-Ether Ketone (S-PEEK) polymer modified by the addition of pure Santa Barbara Amorphous-15 (SBA-15, mesoporous silica) and SBA-15 previously impregnated with phosphotungstic acid (PWA) fillers (PWA/SBA-15) in order to prepare composite membranes as an alternative to conventional Nafion® membranes. This component is intended to be used as an electrolyte in electrochemical energy systems such as hydrogen and methanol Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) and Electrochemical Hydrogen Pumping (EHP). The common requirements for all the applications are high proton conductivity, thermomechanical stability, and fuel and oxidant impermeability. The morphology of the composite membranes was investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy- Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) analysis. Water Uptake (Wup), Ion Exchange Capacity (IEC), proton conductivity, methanol permeability and other physicochemical properties were evaluated. In PEMFC tests, the S-PEEK membrane with a 10 wt.% SBA-15 loading showed the highest performance. For EHP, the inclusion of inorganic materials led to a back-diffusion, limiting the compression capacity. Concerning methanol permeability, the lowest methanol crossover corresponded to the composites containing 5 wt.% and 10 wt.% SBA-15.

A Study on Proton Conductivity of Composite Membranes with Various Ionic Liquids for High-Temperature Anhydrous Fuel Cells

2009 ◽  
Vol 156 (2) ◽  
pp. B197 ◽  
Author(s):  
EunKyung Cho ◽  
Jin-Soo Park ◽  
S. S. Sekhon ◽  
Gu-Gon Park ◽  
Tae-Hyun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Composite Membranes

Preparation of Novel Polyaniline and Phosphoric Acid Doped Sulfonated Polybenzimidazole Composite Membranes for Fuel Cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 584-586 ◽  
pp. 1669-1672
Author(s):  
Yong Ming Zhang ◽  
Jing Zou ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Han Chen ◽  
Jie Si
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Composite Membrane ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Sulfonated Polybenzimidazole ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Polyaniline (PANI) and phosphoric acid (PA) doped sulfonated polybenzimidazole (SPBI) composite membrane was prepared for application in high-temperature proton exchange membrane (PEMFC) without the need of humidification. The synthesis and characterization of targed composite membrane were introduced in this paper.

Facile Preparation of Well-Dispersed GO-SPEEK Composite Membranes by Electrospun for Fuel Cell Applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 1735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Liu ◽  
Xiaoyu Meng ◽  
Chuanming Shi ◽  
Jiangbei Huo ◽  
Ziqing Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Composite Membrane ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Fuel Cell Application ◽  
High Proton ◽  
Poly Ether Ether Ketone ◽  
Direct Methanol

ABSTRACTGraphene oxide (GO) is one of the most attractive inorganic nanofillers in proton exchange membranes (PEMs) for its large specific surface area and high proton conductivity. The proton conductivity of GO nanosheet is known to be orders of magnitude greater than the bulk GO, thus it is essential to improve the dispersion of GO nanosheets in the PEM matrix to achieve higher conductivity. In this study, we report a facile and effective method to fabricate a GO/sulfonated poly ether ether ketone (SPEEK) composite membrane with well-dispersed GO nanosheets in SPEEK matrix by using electrospinning technique for direct methanol fuel cell application. The composite membrane exhibits improved proton conductivity, dimensional stability and methanol barrier property due to the presence of well-dispersed GOs. It is believed that the GO nanosheets can not only induce continuous channels for proton-conducting via Grotthuss mechanism, but also act as methanol barriers to hinder the methanol molecules from passing through the membrane.

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