scholarly journals Ultrafine PVDF Nanofibers for Filtration of Air-Borne Particulate Matters: A Comprehensive Review

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1864
Author(s):  
Ayishe Sanyal ◽  
Sumit Sinha-Ray
Keyword(s):  
Ultrafine Particles ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Slip Flow ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Particulate Matters ◽  
Fibrous Materials ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Air Filter ◽  
Filter Membrane

The ongoing global pandemic has bestowed high priority uponthe separation of air-borne particulate matters (PMs), aerosols, etc. using nonwoven fibrous materials, especially for face masks as a means of personal protection. Although spunbond or meltblown nonwoven materials are amongst the forerunners for polymer microfiber-based face mask or air filter development in mass scale, relatively new process of nonwoven manufacturing such as electrospinning is gaining a lot of momentum amongst the filter membrane manufacturers for its scalability of nanofiber-based filter membrane fabrication. There are several nanofiber-based face masks developing industries, which claim a very high efficiency in filtration of particulate matters (PM0.1–10) as well as other aerosols for their products. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), which is commonly known for its use of tactile sensors and energy harvesters, due to its piezoelectric property, is slowly gaining popularity among researchers and developers as an air filter material. Electrospun PVDF nanofibers can be as fine as 50 nm in mass scale, which allows the membrane to have large surface area compared to its volume, enhancing nanofiber–PM interaction. At the same time, the breathability index can be improved through these PVDF nanofiber membranes due to their architectural uniqueness that promotes slip flow around the fibers. The conductive nature of PVDF makes it advantageous as a promising electret filter allowing better capturing of ultrafine particles. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of such PVDF nanofiber-based filter membranes and their roles in air filtration, especially its application in filtrate of air-borne PMs.

Air quality inside motor vehicles' cabins: A review

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 452-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Xu ◽  
Xiaokai Chen ◽  
Jianyin Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Ultrafine Particles ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Air Filter ◽  
Effective Measure

Among many environments, the motor vehicle cabin microenvironment has been of particular public concern. Although commuters typically spend only 5.5% of their time in vehicles, the emissions from various interior components of motor vehicles as well as emissions from exhaust fumes carried by ventilation supply air are significant sources of harmful air pollutants that could lead to unhealthy human exposure due to their high concentrations inside vehicles' cabins. This review summarizes significant findings in the literature on air quality inside vehicle cabins, including chemical species, related sources, measurement methodologies and control measures. More than 90 relevant studies performed across over 10 countries were carefully reviewed. These comprised more than 2000 individual road trips, where concentrations of numerous air pollutants were determined. Ultrafine particles, aromatic hydrocarbons, carbonyls, semi-volatile organic compounds and microbes have been identified as the primary air pollutants inside vehicle cabins. Air recirculation with high-efficiency air filter has been reported as the most effective measure to lower air pollutant concentrations. Future work should focus on investigating the health risks of exposure to various air pollutants inside different vehicles and further developing advanced air filter to improve the in-cabin air quality.

High-efficiency particulate air filter test stand and aerosol generator for particle loading studies

2007 ◽  
Vol 78 (8) ◽  
pp. 085105 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Arunkumar ◽  
Kristina U. Hogancamp ◽  
Michael S. Parsons ◽  
Donna M. Rogers ◽  
Olin P. Norton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Test Stand ◽  
Particle Loading ◽  
Air Filter ◽  
Aerosol Generator ◽  
Filter Test

scholarly journals Biological safety cabinetry.

1991 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
R H Kruse ◽  
W H Puckett ◽  
J H Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Antineoplastic Agents ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Clean Room ◽  
Air Filter ◽  
Biological Safety ◽  
Design Function ◽  
Laboratory Workers ◽  
The One

The biological safety cabinet is the one piece of laboratory and pharmacy equipment that provides protection for personnel, the product, and the environment. Through the history of laboratory-acquired infections from the earliest published case to the emergence of hepatitis B and AIDS, the need for health care worker protection is described. A brief description with design, construction, function, and production capabilities is provided for class I and class III safety cabinets. The development of the high-efficiency particulate air filter provided the impetus for clean room technology, from which evolved the class II laminar flow biological safety cabinet. The clean room concept was advanced when the horizontal airflow clean bench was manufactured; it became popular in pharmacies for preparing intravenous solutions because the product was protected. However, as with infectious microorganisms and laboratory workers, individual sensitization to antibiotics and the advent of hazardous antineoplastic agents changed the thinking of pharmacists and nurses, and they began to use the class II safety cabinet to prevent adverse personnel reactions to the drugs. How the class II safety cabinet became the mainstay in laboratories and pharmacies is described, and insight is provided into the formulation of National Sanitation Foundation standard number 49 and its revisions. The working operations of a class II cabinet are described, as are the variations of the four types with regard to design, function, air velocity profiles, and the use of toxins. The main certification procedures are explained, with examples of improper or incorrect certifications. The required levels of containment for microorganisms are given. Instructions for decontaminating the class II biological safety cabinet of infectious agents are provided; unfortunately, there is no method for decontaminating the cabinet of antineoplastic agents.

Light-Permeable Air Filter with Self-Polarized Nylon-11 Nanofibers for Enhanced Trapping of Particulate Matters

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1801832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daehoon Park ◽  
Minje Kim ◽  
Sol Lee ◽  
Ick-Jae Yoon ◽  
Kayoung Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matters ◽  
Air Filter ◽  
Nylon 11

A Foldable All-Ceramic Air Filter Paper with High Efficiency and High-Temperature Resistance

Nano Letters ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 4993-5000
Author(s):  
Chao Jia ◽  
Yibo Liu ◽  
Lei Li ◽  
Jianan Song ◽  
Haiyang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Air Filter ◽  
Temperature Resistance ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
High Temperature Resistance

The Research of Splitting Craft for Air Filter with Sea-Island Superfine Fiber Needled Fabrics

2013 ◽  
Vol 303-306 ◽  
pp. 2567-2571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Xiao Jing ◽  
Sheng Sun ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Cai Qian Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Loss Rate ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Orthogonal Design ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dust Collector ◽  
Air Filter ◽  
Ultra Fine Particles ◽  
Superfine Fiber ◽  
Splitting Time

Although the bag-type dust collector is dust capture equipment which is low cost and high efficiency, it has less filter efficiency to ultra fine particles for its of thicker fiber. So ultrafine fiber were used by bicomponent fiber with splitting craft to improve the filtration efficiency of ultra fine particles greatly. A piece of polyester/nylon sea-island superfine fiber needled nonwovens were splitted processing for nine times by the orthogonal design. And fibre microscopic photographs, weight loss rate and strength were analyzed. The best choice of splitting craft as followed: lye concentration is 16%, splitting time 15 min and splitting temperature is 95 °C.

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