scholarly journals Innovative Banana Fiber Nonwoven Reinforced Polymer Composites: Pre- and Post-Treatment Effects on Physical and Mechanical Properties

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 3744
Author(s):  
K. Z. M. Abdul Motaleb ◽  
Abdul Ahad ◽  
Ginta Laureckiene ◽  
Rimvydas Milasius
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Repellent ◽  
Water Absorbency ◽  
Banana Fiber ◽  
Outer Bark ◽  
Banana Tree ◽  
Banana Fibers

Four types of nonwovens were prepared from different sections of the banana tree e.g., outer bark (OB), middle bark (MB), inner bark (IB) and midrib of leaf (MR) by wet laid web formation. They were reinforced with two different types of matrices e.g., epoxy and polyester, to make eight variants of composites. Treatments including alkali on raw fibers, water repellent on nonwovens and gamma radiation on composites were applied in order to investigate their effects on properties of the composites such as water absorbency, tensile strength (TS), flexural strength (FS) and elongation at break (Eb%). Variations in the morphological structure and chemical composition of both raw banana fibers and fibers reinforced by the treatments were analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). OB composites exhibited higher water absorbency, TS and FS and lower Eb% compared to other types of composites. Epoxy composites were found to have 16% lower water absorbency, 41.2% higher TS and 39.1% higher FS than polyester composites on an average. Water absorbency of the composites was reduced 32% by the alkali treatment and a further 63% by water repellent treatment. TS and FS of the composites were on average improved 71% and 87% by alkali treatment and a further 30% and 35% by gamma radiation respectively.

Innovated Banana Fiber Nonwoven Reinforced Polymer Composites: Effects of Pre- and Post-treatments on Physical and Mechanical Properties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.Z.M. Abdul Motaleb ◽  
Abdul Ahad ◽  
Ginta Laureckiene ◽  
Rimvydas Milasius
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Repellent ◽  
Water Absorbency ◽  
Banana Fiber ◽  
Outer Bark ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Banana Tree ◽  
Reinforced Polymer

Abstract Four types of nonwovens were prepared from different sections of the banana tree e.g., outer bark (OB), middle bark (MB), inner bark (IB) and midrib of leaf (MR) by wet laid web formation. They were reinforced on two different types of matrices e.g., epoxy (E) and polyester (P) to make eight variants of composites. Different concentration (5–15%) of NaOH and water repellent (WR); and different doses (100-500krd) of gamma radiation were applied in different stages of process. The properties like water absorbency, tensile strength (TS), flexural strength (FS) and elongation at break (Eb%) were investigated. OB composites were exhibited higher water absorbency, TS and FS but lower Eb% than other types of composites. Epoxy composites were found to have 16% lower water absorbency, 41.2% higher TS and 39.1% higher FS than polyester composites on an average. Alkali treatment reduced the water absorbency by 32%; improved the TS by 71%; improved the FS by 87% on an average at 15% NaOH. Water repellent treatment (on alkali treated composites) decreased the absorbency by 63% at 10% WR but increased 6.3% at 15% WR. Gamma radiation improved the TS of 30% and FS of 35% on an average at a dose of 100krd for IB and 200krd for other composites. Further increment of dose reduced both the FS and TS.

scholarly journals Forecasting the Finest Firmness of Biocomposites using Response Surface Design Methodology

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 3958-3962
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Fiber Length ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Compression Moulding ◽  
Banana Fiber ◽  
Banana Fibers ◽  
Process Factors ◽  
The Impact

Natural fibers are considered likely to be used in polymer composite materials as reinforcing agents because of their main advantages such as fine strength and rigidity, low cost, environmentally friendly, degradable and renewable material. A study was conducted to assess the impact of properties of bicomposite made from cardanol resin banana fibers. The banana fiber extracted from the banana stem was treated with alkali to enhance the interfacial linkage around fiber and cardanol resin. Biocomposite was manufactured using formaldehyde mixed with cardanol oil to form cardanol resin mixed with banana fiber using compression moulding Techniques with different process factors such as fiber weight (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%) different fiber length (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 in mm) and alkali treatment (varying in 1%, 3%, 5%, 7% and 9%. The developed banana fiber reinforced composite were then characterized by impact testing showing strong significance and association in DOE using 15.2% fiber weight response surface methodology with 15.3 mm fiber length and 4.7% alkaline treated. Thus we examined the effect of the above factors on impact and suggested the best combinations of factors for composite processing

scholarly journals Influence of alkaline modification on selected properties of banana fiber paperbricks

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abayomi A. Akinwande ◽  
Adeolu A. Adediran ◽  
Oluwatosin A. Balogun ◽  
Oluwaseyi S. Olusoju ◽  
Olanrewaju S. Adesina
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Heat Capacity ◽  
Specific Heat ◽  
Specific Heat Capacity ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Banana Fiber ◽  
Fiber Loading ◽  
Banana Fibers ◽  
Alkaline Modification

AbstractIn a bid to develop paper bricks as alternative masonry units, unmodified banana fibers (UMBF) and alkaline (1 Molar aqueous sodium hydroxide) modified banana fibers (AMBF), fine sand, and ordinary Portland cement were blended with waste paper pulp. The fibers were introduced in varying proportions of 0, 0.5, 1.0 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 wt% (by weight of the pulp) and curing was done for 28 and 56 days. Properties such as water and moisture absorption, compressive, flexural, and splitting tensile strengths, thermal conductivity, and specific heat capacity were appraised. The outcome of the examinations carried out revealed that water absorption rose with fiber loading while AMBF reinforced samples absorbed lesser water volume than UMBF reinforced samples; a feat occasioned by alkaline treatment of banana fiber. Moisture absorption increased with paper bricks doped with UMBF, while in the case of AMBF-paper bricks, property value was noted to depreciate with increment in AMBF proportion. Fiber loading resulted in improvement of compressive, flexural, and splitting tensile strengths and it was noted that AMBF reinforced samples performed better. The result of the thermal test showed that incorporation of UMBF led to depreciation in thermal conductivity while AMBF infusion in the bricks initiated increment in value. Opposite behaviour was observed for specific heat capacity as UMBF enhanced heat capacity while AMBF led to depreciation. Experimental trend analysis carried out indicates that curing length and alkaline modification of fiber were effective in maximizing the properties of paperbricks for masonry construction.

Processing of high weight fraction banana fiber reinforced epoxy composites using pressure induced dip casting method

2021 ◽  
pp. 002199832098804
Author(s):  
TP Mohan ◽  
K Kanny
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Composite ◽  
Epoxy Polymer ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Polymer Composite Material ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Banana Fiber ◽  
Banana Fibers

The objective of this work is to realize new polymer composite material containing high amount of natural fibers as a bio-based reinforcement phase. Short banana fiber is chosen as a reinforcement material and epoxy polymer as a matrix material. About 77 wt.% of banana fibers were reinforced in the epoxy polymer matrix composite, using pressure induced fiber dipping method. Nanoclay particles were infused into the banana fibers to improve the fiber matrix interface properties. The nanoclay infused banana fiber were used to reinforce epoxy composite and its properties were compared with untreated banana fiber reinforced epoxy composite and banana fiber reinforced epoxy filled with nanoclay matrix composite. The surface characteristics of these composites were examined by electron microscope and the result shows well dispersed fibers in epoxy matrix. Thermal (thermogravimetry analysis and dynamic mechanical analysis), mechanical (tensile and fiber pullout) and water barrier properties of these composites were examined and the result showed that the nanoclay infused banana fiber reinforced epoxy composite shows better and improved properties. Improved surface finish composite was also obtained by this processing technique.

scholarly journals Kinetic Analysis of Crude Enzyme Extract Produced Via Solid State Fermentation of Banana Pseudo Stem Waste

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mira Chares Subash ◽  
Muthiah Perumalsamy
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Crude Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Extract ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Textile Processing ◽  
Banana Fiber ◽  
Crude Enzyme Extract ◽  
Banana Fibers ◽  
Pectinase Enzyme

Abstract Banana Pseudo stem waste after each harvest contributes about 70–80 Milli Tons Per hector. The banana pseudo stem will be thrown as waste biomass after each harvest as it is unstable for the upcoming harvest. The biggest challenge in banana cultivation is the utilization of biomass of banana pseusostem waste into valuable products. In this study, Xylano-pectinase enzyme extract was produced from banana pseudo stem waste under solid-state fermentation by Enterobacter cloacae PMC04. The highest pectinase and xylanase activities obtained using banana pseudo stem as carbon source were 124.62 U/ml and 173.81 U/ml respectively. Thermodynamics stated that range 40-50oC were considered to be the optimal temperature for xylano-pectinase enzyme production and subsequent degumming of banana fibers. The crude enzyme extract were then used in the degumming of banana fibers for textile application. Textile processing of banana fiber necessitates the removal of hemicellulose substance which can be achieved by crude xylano-pectinase enzyme. It was found that crude xylano-pectinase was efficient in the removal of hemicellulose substance from the fibers. Results obtained from this study demonstrate that the proposed bioprocess could be successfully applied for the degumming of banana fibers sustainably.

Surface Modification of Banana Fiber and its Influence on Performance of Biodegradable Banana-Cassava Starch Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 895 ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Raghavendra Subramanya ◽  
S.S. Prabhakara
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Banana Fiber ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
Lignocellulosic Fibers ◽  
Biodegradable Composites ◽  
Banana Fibre

Natural fibers, in particularly lignocellulosic fibers are attracting material scientists now days, due to their comparative advantages over synthetic fibers. Biodegradable composites reinforced with short banana fibre after alkali treatment along with cassava starch matrix were prepared using the hot compression method. The mechanical properties like tensile strength and impact strength were investigated. Mechanical properties of the composites made from alkali treated fibres were superior to the untreated fibres. SEM observations on the fracture surface of composites showed that the surface modification of the fibre occurred and improved fibre–matrix adhesion. Keywords: Surface modification; banana fiber; Biodegradable composites; Mechanical properties; Matrix.

scholarly journals Hybrid and Nonhybrid Laminate Composites of Sugar Palm and Glass Fibre-Reinforced Polypropylene: Effect of Alkali and Sodium Bicarbonate Treatments

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Isma’ila Mukhtar ◽  
Zulkiflle Leman ◽  
Edi Syams Zainudin ◽  
Mohamad Ridzwan Ishak
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Glass Fibre ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Alkaline Treatment ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Compression Process ◽  
Laminate Composites ◽  
Glass Fibre Reinforced

In recent years, the hybrid composites of cellulosic and synthetic fibres are tailored to yield materials with reduced cost and weight. Prior to the fabrication of the hybrid composite, in most case, the cellulosic fibre needs surface modification for proper bonding. Therefore, this study investigates the effect of sodium bicarbonate treatment on the physical and mechanical properties of the hybrid and nonhybrid laminate composites of sugar palm and glass fibre-reinforced polypropylene. The findings will be compared with the conventional alkali treatment. The laminate composites were fabricated using the film stacking technique and hot compression process. Prior to the fabrication process, the sugar palm fibre in it which is naturally woven mat was treated with 4 wt% and 10 wt% alkali and sodium bicarbonate, respectively. All the laminate composites were investigated by tensile, flexural, and impact test, water absorption, and morphological examination. The tensile strength increased with both alkaline and sodium bicarbonate treatments for the hybrid and nonhybrid composites. The increase was more pronounced with the alkaline-treated SPF composite (L03) which displayed the highest value of 61.75 MPa, while that of the sodium bicarbonate-treated SPF composite (L04) recorded 58.76 MPa against 53.01 MPa for the untreated SPF composite (L02). The same trend was observed for the flexural strength. In overall, the alkaline treatment yielded better performance in comparison with sodium bicarbonate treatment.

scholarly journals Study on dyeing behavior of banana fiber with reactive dyes

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 155892501988447
Author(s):  
Subashini Balakrishnan ◽  
GL Dharmasri Wickramasinghe ◽  
UG Samudrika Wijayapala
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Reactive Dye ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Color Measurement ◽  
Cotton Fibers ◽  
Research Strategies ◽  
Banana Fiber ◽  
Reactive Dyeing ◽  
Dyeing Process ◽  
Banana Fibers

The objective of this research paper is to establish a suitable reactive dyeing process for banana fiber and comparison between dyeing behaviors of banana fibers with cotton fibers. Ambon (Cavendish type) banana variety was selected for this research study. Data accumulation is done by quantitative research methodology and experimental research strategies for this investigation; 5% enzyme and 6% H2O2-, 2% Na2SiO3-, and 3% NaOH-treated banana fibers were dyed with reactive dye. Banana fibers were dyed with three standard colors (red, blue, and yellow) each with four different concentrations (0.25, 1%, 4%, and 6%) of reactive dye. Testing was conducted to assess the color properties between pretreated banana fiber, dyed banana fiber, and cotton fiber. Color measurement was performed by using a Datacolour 600 spectrophotometers. The ΔE* values were used to determine the degree of color deterioration. Results showed that pretreated fibers become brighter (whiteness) than the raw banana fibers. Reflectance curves of dyed banana fibers were found similar to cotton in all the experiments and confirming the dye absorption tendency is more similar to cotton. Further results indicate that the dyeing behavior of banana is similar to cotton. Therefore, cotton dyeing process can be applied for the banana fibers. Dyeing of banana fiber was carried out with a reactive type of dye, which provided better washing fastness properties than cotton fibers.

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