scholarly journals A Cost Modelling System for Recycling Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Composites

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 4208
Author(s):  
Essam Shehab ◽  
Arshyn Meiirbekov ◽  
Akniyet Amantayeva ◽  
Aidar Suleimen ◽  
Serik Tokbolat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Mechanical Recycling ◽  
Cost Modelling ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Recycling Techniques

Cost-effective and environmentally responsible ways of carbon fiber-reinforced composite (CFRP) recycling are increasingly important, owing to the rapidly increasing use of these materials in many industries such as the aerospace, automotive and energy sectors. Product designers need to consider the costs associated with manufacturing and the end-of-life stage of such materials to make informed decisions. They also need to understand the current methods of composite recycling and disposal and their impact on the end-of-life costs. A comprehensive literature review indicated that there is no such tool to estimate CFRP recycling costs without any prior knowledge and expertise. Therefore, this research paper proposed a novel knowledge-based system for the cost modelling of recycling CFRP that does not require in-depth knowledge from a user. A prototype of a cost estimation system has been developed based on existing CFRP recycling techniques such as mechanical recycling, pyrolysis, fluidized bed, and supercritical water. The proposed system has the ability to select the appropriate recycling techniques based on a user’s needs with the help of an optimization module based on the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). Estimating recycling costs has taken into consideration various factors such as different material types in different industries, transportation, and dismantling costs. The developed system can be employed to support early-stage designers and decision-making stakeholders in terms of understanding and predicting recycling costs easily and quickly.

scholarly journals Comparative Environmental and Cost Analysis of Alternative Production Scenarios Associated with a Helicopter’s Canopy

Aerospace ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos V. Katsiropoulos ◽  
Andreas Loukopoulos ◽  
Spiros G. Pantelakis
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Mechanical Recycling ◽  
Financial Efficiency ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced

In the present work the carbon footprint and the financial viability of different materials, manufacturing scenarios, as well as recycling scenarios, associated with the production of aeronautical structural components are assessed. The materials considered were carbon fiber reinforced epoxy and carbon fiber reinforced PEEK (polyetheretherketone). The manufacturing techniques compared were the autoclave, resin transfer molding (RTM) and cold diaphragm forming (CDF). The recycling scenarios included mechanical recycling and pyrolysis. For this purpose, Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) and Life Cycle Costing (LCC) models were developed and implemented for the case of a helicopter’s canopy production. The results of the study pointed out that producing the canopy by using carbon fiber reinforced thermosetting composites and involving RTM as the manufacturing process is the optimal route both in terms of environmental and financial efficiency. The environmental and financial efficiency of the scenarios including thermoplastic composites as the material of choice is impaired from both the high embodied energy and raw material cost of PEEK. The scenarios investigated do not account for potential benefits arising from the recyclability and the improved reusability of thermoplastic matrices as compared to thermosetting ones. This underlines the need for a holistic aircraft structural optimization approach including not only performance and weight but also cost and environmental criteria.

scholarly journals Recent Progress in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers Recycling: A Review of Recycling Methods and Reuse of Carbon Fibers

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 6401
Author(s):  
José Antonio Butenegro ◽  
Mohsen Bahrami ◽  
Juana Abenojar ◽  
Miguel Ángel Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Chemical Recycling ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Mechanical Recycling ◽  
Cfrp Composite ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced

The rapid increase in the application of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite materials represents a challenge to waste recycling. The circular economy approach coupled with the possibility of recovering carbon fibers from CFRP waste with similar properties to virgin carbon fibers at a much lower cost and with lower energy consumption motivate the study of CFRP recycling. Mechanical recycling methods allow the obtention of chopped composite materials, while both thermal and chemical recycling methods aim towards recovering carbon fibers. This review examines the three main recycling methods, their processes, and particularities, as well as the reuse of recycled carbon fibers in the manufacture of new composite materials.

Effects of high pressure on the crystallization of carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone (CF/PEEK) laminate composites

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 876-877
Author(s):  
Hong-Ming Lin ◽  
C. H. Liu ◽  
R. F. Lee
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Laminate Composites ◽  
Peek Composite ◽  
Continuous Carbon Fiber ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a crystallizable thermoplastic used as composite matrix materials in application which requires high yield stress, high toughness, long term high temperature service, and resistance to solvent and radiation. There have been several reports on the crystallization behavior of neat PEEK and of CF/PEEK composite. Other reports discussed the effects of crystallization on the mechanical properties of PEEK and CF/PEEK composites. However, these reports were all concerned with the crystallization or melting processes at or close to atmospheric pressure. Thus, the effects of high pressure on the crystallization of CF/PEEK will be examined in this study.The continuous carbon fiber reinforced PEEK (CF/PEEK) laminate composite with 68 wt.% of fibers was obtained from Imperial Chemical Industry (ICI). For the high pressure experiments, HIP was used to keep these samples under 1000, 1500 or 2000 atm. Then the samples were slowly cooled from 420 °C to 60 °C in the cooling rate about 1 - 2 degree per minute to induce high pressure crystallization. After the high pressure treatment, the samples were scanned in regular DSC to study the crystallinity and the melting temperature. Following the regular polishing, etching, and gold coating of the sample surface, the scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to image the microstructure of the crystals. Also the samples about 25mmx5mmx3mm were prepared for the 3-point bending tests.

Restoring Initially Cracked Reinforced Concrete Beams utilizing Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Strips

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
A. Ajwad ◽  
U. Ilyas ◽  
N. Khadim ◽  
Abdullah ◽  
M.U. Rashid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Concrete Beams ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Loading Test ◽  
Control Beam ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Cfrp Sheet ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced

Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips are widely used all over the globe as a repair and strengthening material for concrete elements. This paper looks at comparison of numerous methods to rehabilitate concrete beams with the use of CFRP sheet strips. This research work consists of 4 under-reinforced, properly cured RCC beams under two point loading test. One beam was loaded till failure, which was considered the control beam for comparison. Other 3 beams were load till the appearance of initial crack, which normally occurred at third-quarters of failure load and then repaired with different ratios and design of CFRP sheet strips. Afterwards, the repaired beams were loaded again till failure and the results were compared with control beam. Deflections and ultimate load were noted for all concrete beams. It was found out the use of CFRP sheet strips did increase the maximum load bearing capacity of cracked beams, although their behavior was more brittle as compared with control beam.

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