Functional Properties of Kenaf Bast Fibre Anhydride Modification Enhancement with Bionanocarbon in Polymer Nanobiocomposites

The miscibility between hydrophilic biofibre and hydrophobic matrix has been a challenge in developing polymer biocomposite. This study investigated the anhydride modification effect of propionic and succinic anhydrides on Kenaf fibre’s functional properties in vinyl ester bionanocomposites. Bionanocarbon from oil palm shell agricultural wastes enhanced nanofiller properties in the fibre-matrix interface via the resin transfer moulding technique. The succinylated fibre with the addition of the nanofiller in vinyl ester provided great improvement of the tensile, flexural, and impact strengths of 92.47 ± 1.19 MPa, 108.34 ± 1.40 MPa, and 8.94 ± 0.12 kJ m−2, respectively than the propionylated fibre. The physical, morphological, chemical structural, and thermal properties of bionanocomposites containing 3% bionanocarbon loading showed better enhancement properties. This enhancement was associated with the effect of the anhydride modification and the nanofiller’s homogeneity in bionanocarbon-Kenaf fibre-vinyl ester bonding. It appears that Kenaf fibre modified with propionic and succinic anhydrides incorporated with bionanocarbon can be successfully utilised as reinforcing materials in vinyl ester matrix.

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Mechanical properties and micromechanical analysis of nonwoven kenaf fibre/epoxy composites produced by resin transfer moulding

Journal of Composite Materials ◽

10.1177/0021998316664197 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 51 (13) ◽

pp. 1875-1885 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

NG Andre ◽

Dody Ariawan ◽

ZA Mohd Ishak

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Epoxy Composites ◽

Resin Transfer Moulding ◽

Micromechanical Analysis ◽

Kenaf Fibre ◽

Transfer Moulding

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Effect of Stitching Density of Nonwoven Fiber Mat towards Mechanical Properties of Kenaf Reinforced Epoxy Composites Produced by Resin Transfer Moulding (RTM)

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.471-472.987 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 471-472 ◽

pp. 987-992 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Muhamad Saifuddin Salim ◽

Zainal Arifin Mohd Ishak ◽

Suhail Abdul Hamid

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Natural Fibre ◽

Epoxy Composites ◽

Resin Transfer Moulding ◽

Kenaf Fiber ◽

Fiber Loading ◽

Kenaf Fibre ◽

Nonwoven Fiber ◽

Transfer Moulding ◽

Fibre Loading

This study will focus on the usage of kenaf as a natural fibre in producing a composite materials consists of epoxy resin by resin transfer moulding (RTM). The variation amount of fiber loading and nonwoven fibre mat condition seems can give significant changes in properties of polymer composite in terms of mechanical aspects. Optimization of stitching density of nonwoven kenaf fibre mat manages to increase the mechanical behaviour. At higher degree of fibre loading, these enhancement properties are more apparent. Depending upon the direction of stitching process in producing nonwoven kenaf fiber mat, the composite obtained exhibit anisotropy behaviour in which the mechanical properties are vary upon the stitching direction of nonwoven mat.

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Bionanocarbon Functional Material Characterisation and Enhancement Properties in Nonwoven Kenaf Fibre Nanocomposites

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13142303 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (14) ◽

pp. 2303

Author(s):

Samsul Rizal ◽

E. M. Mistar ◽

A. A. Rahman ◽

Abdul Khalil H.P.S. ◽

A. A. Oyekanmi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thermal Properties ◽

Functional Properties ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Activation Technique ◽

Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽

Fibre Reinforcement ◽

Functional Material ◽

Kenaf Fibre ◽

Uniform Dispersion ◽

Fibre Matrix

Bionanocarbon as a properties enhancement material in fibre reinforced nanobiocomposite was investigated for sustainable material applications. Currently, an extensive study using the micro size of biocarbon as filler or reinforcement materials has been done. However, poor fibre-matrix interface results in poor mechanical, physical, and thermal properties of the composite. Hence in this study, the nanoparticle of biocarbon was synthesised and applied as a functional material and properties enhancement in composite material. The bionanocarbon was prepared from an oil palm shell, an agriculture waste precursor, via a single-step activation technique. The nanocarbon filler loading was varied from 0, 1, 3, and 5% as nanoparticle properties enhancement in nonwoven kenaf fibre reinforcement in vinyl ester composite using resin transfer moulding technique. The functional properties were evaluated using TEM, particle size, zeta potential, and energy dispersion X-ray (EDX) elemental analysis. While the composite properties enhancement was evaluated using physical, mechanical, morphological, thermal, and wettability properties. The result indicated excellent nanofiller enhancement of fibre-matrix bonding that significantly improved the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of the bionanocomposite. The SEM morphology study confirmed the uniform dispersion of the nanoparticle enhanced the fibre-matrix interaction. In this present work, the functional properties of bionanocarbon from oil palm shells (oil palm industrial waste) was incorporated in nanaobiocomposite, which significantly enhance its properties. The optimum enhancement of the bionanocomposite functional properties was obtained at 3% bionanocarbon loading. The improvement can be attributed to homogeneity and improved interfacial interaction between nanoparticles, kenaf fibre, and matrix.

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Numerical simulations for class A surface finish in resin transfer moulding process

Composites Part B Engineering ◽

10.1016/j.compositesb.2011.06.002 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 819-824 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Geneviève Palardy ◽

Pascal Hubert ◽

Eduardo Ruiz ◽

Mohsan Haider ◽

Larry Lessard

Keyword(s):

Numerical Simulations ◽

Surface Finish ◽

Resin Transfer Moulding ◽

Moulding Process ◽

Class A ◽

Transfer Moulding

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Permeability Prediction in the Impregnation Stage of Resin Transfer Moulding

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.160-162.1211 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 160-162 ◽

pp. 1211-1216

Author(s):

Zhuang Liu ◽

Xiao Qing Wu

Keyword(s):

Stokes Equations ◽

Approximate Model ◽

Local Deformation ◽

Resin Transfer Moulding ◽

Moulding Process ◽

2D Simulation ◽

Macro Scale ◽

Darcy Equations ◽

Transfer Moulding ◽

Meso Scale

The impregnation stage of the Resin Transfer Moulding process can be simulated by solving the Darcy equations on a mould model, with a ‘macro-scale’ finite element method. For every element, a local ‘meso-scale’ permeability must be determined, taking into account the local deformation of the textile reinforcement. This paper demonstrates that the meso-scale permeability can be computed efficiently and accurately by using meso-scale simulation tools. We discuss the speed and accuracy requirements dictated by the macro-scale simulations. We show that these requirements can be achieved for two meso-scale simulators, coupled with a geometrical textile reinforcement modeller. The first solver is based on a finite difference discretisation of the Stokes equations, the second uses an approximate model, based on a 2D simulation of the flow.

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