scholarly journals Bionanocarbon Functional Material Characterisation and Enhancement Properties in Nonwoven Kenaf Fibre Nanocomposites

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 2303
Author(s):  
Samsul Rizal ◽  
E. M. Mistar ◽  
A. A. Rahman ◽  
Abdul Khalil H.P.S. ◽  
A. A. Oyekanmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Activation Technique ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Fibre Reinforcement ◽  
Functional Material ◽  
Kenaf Fibre ◽  
Uniform Dispersion ◽  
Fibre Matrix

Bionanocarbon as a properties enhancement material in fibre reinforced nanobiocomposite was investigated for sustainable material applications. Currently, an extensive study using the micro size of biocarbon as filler or reinforcement materials has been done. However, poor fibre-matrix interface results in poor mechanical, physical, and thermal properties of the composite. Hence in this study, the nanoparticle of biocarbon was synthesised and applied as a functional material and properties enhancement in composite material. The bionanocarbon was prepared from an oil palm shell, an agriculture waste precursor, via a single-step activation technique. The nanocarbon filler loading was varied from 0, 1, 3, and 5% as nanoparticle properties enhancement in nonwoven kenaf fibre reinforcement in vinyl ester composite using resin transfer moulding technique. The functional properties were evaluated using TEM, particle size, zeta potential, and energy dispersion X-ray (EDX) elemental analysis. While the composite properties enhancement was evaluated using physical, mechanical, morphological, thermal, and wettability properties. The result indicated excellent nanofiller enhancement of fibre-matrix bonding that significantly improved the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of the bionanocomposite. The SEM morphology study confirmed the uniform dispersion of the nanoparticle enhanced the fibre-matrix interaction. In this present work, the functional properties of bionanocarbon from oil palm shells (oil palm industrial waste) was incorporated in nanaobiocomposite, which significantly enhance its properties. The optimum enhancement of the bionanocomposite functional properties was obtained at 3% bionanocarbon loading. The improvement can be attributed to homogeneity and improved interfacial interaction between nanoparticles, kenaf fibre, and matrix.

Effect of oil palm ash on the mechanical and thermal properties of unsaturated polyester composites

e-Polymers ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Sahari ◽  
M.A. Maleque
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Tensile Testing ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Oil Palm Ash ◽  
Polyester Composites

AbstractThis research was carried out to evaluate the effect of oil palm ash (OPA) on the mechanical and thermal properties of biocomposites. Different compositions of OPA (i.e. 0, 10, 20 and 30 vol%) were introduced to unsaturated polyester (UPE) by using simple casting method with methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP) as a hardener. The specimens were prepared based on ASTM D5083 standards for tensile testing. From the results, it was found that the mechanical properties of UPE/OPA composites were improved in modulus with increasing the OPA content. The physical properties of UPE/OPA were also investigated where the density of biocomposites decrease with increasing OPA while the water absorption of UPE/OPA increase with increasing OPA. The thermal and morphological characterization of the UPE/OPA composites have been done using TGA, DSC and SEM.

Conditioning effect on the mechanical and thermal properties of heat-treated oil palm empty fruit bunch/high-density polyethylene composite

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-167
Author(s):  
Nur Afifah Nordin ◽  
Nor Mas Mira Abd Rahman ◽  
Aziz Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Soil Burial ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Fibre Composites ◽  
Untreated Fibre ◽  
Properties Of Composites

Oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) is one of the potential natural fibre that can be used as an alternative to synthetic fibre. EFB was heat-treated at 180°C using vacuum oven for 1 h, extrusion compounded with high-density polyethylene at 10%, 20% and 30% weight fraction. The composites were injection moulded into dumb-bell (ASTM D-638) and bar-shaped specimens (ASTM E-23). The composites were exposed to different environments which are soil burial and indoor environment for 3 months. The effects of conditioning on mechanical and thermal properties were studied relative to the dry as moulded samples as a standard. It was found that the mechanical and thermal properties of composites under soil burial conditions were reduced. Tensile modulus of 30% untreated fibre loading reduced from 1.56 GPa for dry to 1.03 GPa for soil burial conditions, respectively. The same reduction was also found in the flexural modulus. However, the value of treated fibre composites was found slightly higher compared to untreated fibre composites. The treated fibre composites showed more resistance towards the environment condition. Composites made from heat-treated EFB show improved thermal stability, expected due to better compatibility between fibres and matrices, thus lowering the moisture intake, despite the conditions of the samples. However, indoor exposure has no significant effect on the thermal and mechanical properties of composites.

Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch-Filled Unplasticized Poly (Vinyl Chloride) Composites

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 607-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Abu Bakar ◽  
A. Hassan ◽  
A.F. Mohd Yusof
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride

Awareness of the advantages of natural fibres has stimulated interest in their use to reinforce polymers. One type of natural fibre that is of great relevance to Malaysia is oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB). To produce EFB-filled unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) composites, PVC resin and the various additives were first dry-blended using a laboratory blender before being milled into sheets on a two-roll mill. Test specimens were then hot pressed, after which the mechanical and thermal properties were determined. Four untreated EFB fibre contents were employed, 10, 20, 30 and 40 phr. The increase in EFB fibre content resulted in an improvement in flexural modulus at the expense of impact strength and flexural strength. The incorporation of EFB slightly enhanced the glass transition temperature but it decreased the thermal stability of the composites, evidenced by a decrease in decomposition temperature and a change in the degradation process from two to three stages.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fiber Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephtalate) Biocomposites by Matrix Esterification Using Succinic Anhydride

Molecules ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 1969-1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Siyamak ◽  
Nor Azowa Ibrahim ◽  
Sanaz Abdolmohammadi ◽  
Wan Md Zin Bin Wan Yunus ◽  
Mohamad Zaki AB Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Succinic Anhydride ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch

Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Composites Filled with Short Steel Fibres for Hybrid Injection Moulds

2008 ◽  
Vol 587-588 ◽  
pp. 222-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurélio C. Sabino-Netto ◽  
Gean V. Salmoria ◽  
Carlos H. Ahrens ◽  
António Sergio Pouzada
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Particulate Composites ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Fibre Reinforcement ◽  
Epoxy System ◽  
Steel Fibres ◽  
Hybrid Injection ◽  
Short Steel Fibres

Epoxide filled composites are being increasingly used for mouldings blocks of hybrid injection moulds. The filling is sought for improving both mechanical and thermal properties that are relevant for the mould performance. In spite of several works investigating the particulate filling of resins, there are only a few reports on fibre reinforcement. Composites based on an epoxy system with varying volume fractions of short steel fibres (SSF) were investigated. The mechanical properties were determined for each composite, and the topography of the fracture surfaces was analyzed by SEM. The mechanical properties of the epoxy filled composites were also compared to commercial particulate composites that are used for producing casting moulds. In spite of the SSF being more difficult to mix that the usual metal particulate fillers, it was found that the resulting composites show some improvement in the mechanical properties.

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