scholarly journals New Technical Parameters and Operational Improvements of the Metal Oxide Varistors Manufacturing Process

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flaviu Mihai Frigura-Iliasa ◽  
Sorin Musuroi ◽  
Ciprian Sorandaru ◽  
Doru Vatau
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
Initial Composition ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
New Process

At the beginning, this article details the manufacturing procedures for varistor materials. Starting from the initial composition of two large series of varistors (those with two additive oxides and those with five additive oxides), there is a major overview of the main stages of the technological process and the equipment used for the production, emphasizing the technological changes that were made. The article continues with the study of the influence of the sintering pressure and the sintering temperature on the electrical properties of the varistor materials made before. There were two experimental series of 7 varistors, one series based on 2 additive oxides and one based on 5 additive oxides. Each varistor of these series was sintered at another temperature, the fundamental purpose being to determine an optimal sintering temperature for each chemical composition. A second activity consisted of manufacturing two more series of varistors with the same chemical composition (2 oxides and 5 additive oxides), which were sintered at two different pressures, for having a set of conclusions on the influence of sintering pressure on the electric performances. All conclusions are underlying a new process for manufacturing metal oxide based varistors.

Equivalent Model of Modified Bismuth Oxides Described by Fractional Derivatives

2007 ◽  
Vol 336-338 ◽  
pp. 676-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Janiczek ◽  
Dorota Nowak ◽  
Witold Mielcarek ◽  
Krystyna Prociów
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Fractional Derivatives ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Electrical Response ◽  
Spectroscopic Technique ◽  
Electrical Circuit ◽  
Equivalent Model ◽  
Ionic Conductors ◽  
Bismuth Oxides

Metal oxide modified Bi2O3 finds the application in metal oxide varistors and as ionic conductors. Electrical properties of MeO-modified Bi2O3 change with MeO modifier and sintering temperature. In this paper we report how to predict Bi2O3 electrical properties using simulation model. Measurements of the electrical response of the modified Bi2O3 oxides were carried out using the impedance spectroscopic technique. As a result an equivalent model of electrical behaviour of modified Bi2O3, described by fractional derivates was proposed. To test the model, the series of simulation were run on computer, and after subjecting the results to verification the equivalent parameters of electrical circuit were determined. Model was elaborated with the view of facilitating the research on metal oxide ionic conductors and varistors.

Justification of technical parameters of an ultrasonic device for improvement of meat salting efficiency

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-77
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Sergeevna Krasnikova ◽  
Natalya Lvovna Morgunova ◽  
Phelix Yakovlevich Rudik ◽  
Aleksandr Vladimirovich Krasnikov ◽  
Nikita Andreevich Semilet
Keyword(s):  
Technological Process ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Tissue Structure ◽  
Tissue Microstructure ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Ultrasonic Device ◽  
Lamb Meat ◽  
Local Destruction ◽  
Cross Striation

The results of a study of the effect of wet ultrasonic lamb meat salting on the muscle tissue microstructure are presented, and the technical parameters of the ultrasonic device are justified. It has been established that significant destruction and swelling of muscle fibers, local destruction of the sarcolemma with its pronounced rugosity are observed at ultrasonic salting with a frequency of 35 kHz, the cross-striation is poorly expressed, the tissue structure is disturbed. An ultrasonic salting with a frequency of 26 kHz was accompanied an increase in the number of transverse microcracks and crevices, loosening of muscle fibers, the formation of cavities between them while retention of the tissue structure, which contributes to the appearance of a brine between muscle fibers and accelerates its penetration into the fiber. It allows us to recommend ultrasound at a frequency of 26 kHz for cavitation activation of the brine to intensify the technological process of lamb meat salting.

Effects of Different Sintering Temperature on the Microstructure and Piezoelectric Properties of Pb(Nb2/3Zn1/3)x(Zr52Ti48)1-XO3 Ceramics

2014 ◽  
Vol 1061-1062 ◽  
pp. 83-86
Author(s):  
Hong Wu ◽  
De Yi Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Electromechanical Coupling ◽  
Piezoelectric Properties ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Electromechanical Coupling Coefficient ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ceramic Samples ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
The Relationship

In this paper, the effects of different sintering temperature on the microstructure and piezoelectric properties of Pb(Nb2/3Zn1/3)0.03(Zr52Ti48)0.97O3(PNZZT) ceramic samples were investigated. The Pb(Nb2/3Zn1/3)0.03(Zr52Ti48)0.97O3 ceramics materials was prepared by a conventional mixed oxide method. In the period of the experiment, the relationship between crystallographic phase and microstructure were analyzed by X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) respectively. The XRD patterns shows that all of the ceramic samples are with a tetragonal perovskite structure. Along with sintering temperature increased and the x is 0.03, the grain size gradually become big. Through this experiment, it has been found that when the x is 0.03 and sintered at 1130°C for 2 h, the grains grow well, the grain-boundary intersection of the sample combined well and the porosity of the ceramics decreased, an excellent comprehensive electrical properties of the Pb(Nb2/3Zn1/3)0.03(Zr52Ti48)0.97O3 samples can be obtained. Its best electrical properties are as follows: dielectric constant (ε) is 1105, dielectric loss(tg) is 0.017, electromechanical coupling coefficient (Kp) is 0.287, piezoelectric constant(d33) is 150PC/N

Effect of Sintering Temperature on Electrical Properties of SFN Ceramics Doped with Al Prepared by a Solid-State Reaction Technique

2016 ◽  
Vol 675-676 ◽  
pp. 527-530
Author(s):  
Thanatep Phatungthane ◽  
Kachaporn Sanjoom ◽  
Denis Russell Sweatman ◽  
Buagun Samran ◽  
Chamnan Randorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Perovskite Phase ◽  
Dielectric Behavior ◽  
Orthorhombic Symmetry ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solid State Reaction Technique ◽  
Pure Perovskite Phase

In the present work, strontium iron niobate SrFe0.5Nb0.5O3 ceramics doped with aluminum were synthesized by a solid-state reaction technique. Phase formation investigation by X-ray diffraction technique (XRD) revealed that all ceramics exhibited pure perovskite phase with orthorhombic symmetry. Grain size observed by electron microscopy (SEM) was found to increase with increasing sintering temperature. The electrical properties and related parameters of the ceramics were also measured. The ceramics exhibit very good dielectric behavior and have a significant potential for dielectric applications.

Efficient Algorithms for Inspection and Reforming of Double-Curved Plates in Line-Heating Process

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (03) ◽  
pp. 184-193
Author(s):  
Yujun Liu ◽  
Zhuoshang Ji ◽  
Yanping Deng ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Ji Wang
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Efficient Algorithms ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Line Heating ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Error Analyses ◽  
Metal Plates ◽  
Plate Formation ◽  
Prospective Application

Line heating is an effective and economical method for forming metal plates into three-dimensional shaped plates for ships, trains, and airplanes. When a curved plate subject to deformation is formed in line-heating process, the deformed shape is repeatedly inspected and reformed to reach the designed shape. Efficient automatic inspection and reforming processes are essential to enhance productivity in the whole manufacturing process. In this paper, efficient algorithms for inspection and reforming of double-curved plates are introduced. These algorithms have been developed to automatically inspect the transverse and longitudinal shape of plate surfaces and provide technical parameters to reform the unformed plates. The longitudinal shape of the plate surface is examined based on a shell plate development with plastic deformation during the plate formation, and the transverse shape is inspected through error analyses of transverse curvature radiuses. How to use the inspection results to reform unformed plates is discussed. In the end, experiments are performed with comparison to the current industrial plate manufacture, and results show a prospective application of our algorithms to the practical manufacturing of doublecurved plates. The methods presented in this study may play a role in realizing the automation of the entire curved-plate manufacturing process.

Thermal Acclimation of a Central Neurone in Helix Aspersa: III. Ionic Substitution and Related Studies

1979 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-211
Author(s):  
C. K. LANGLEY
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Membrane Resistance ◽  
Thermal Acclimation ◽  
Neuronal Membrane ◽  
Electrical Characteristics ◽  
Ionic Substitution ◽  
Warm Acclimation ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Made In

(1) Thermal acclimation of the Fi neurone does not appear to result from changes in the chemical composition of the haemolymph. This is deduced from the lack of effect on the electrical characteristics of control neurones of either pooled haemolymph from acclimated individuals, or variations in the experimental salines made in accordance with haemolymph analyses. (2) Changes in [Ca]0 tended to act cooperatively with temperature shifts to induce alterations in the electrical properties of the neurone, notably to increase excitability and lower membrane resistance. (3) Warm acclimation was associated with increased resting conductance of the neuronal membrane to sodium and potassium, whereas chloride conductance appeared little affected.

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