scholarly journals Systematic Selection of Green Solvents and Process Optimization for the Hydroformylation of Long-Chain Olefines

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Keßler ◽  
Christian Kunde ◽  
Steffen Linke ◽  
Kevin McBride ◽  
Kai Sundmacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Process Optimization ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Multiphase System ◽  
Green Solvents ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Catalyst Recycling ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Systematic Selection ◽  
Long Chain

Including ecologic and environmental aspects in chemical engineering requires new methods for process design and optimization. In this work, a hydroformylation process of long-chain olefines is investigated. A thermomorphic multiphase system is employed that is homogeneous at reaction conditions and biphasic at lower temperatures for catalyst recycling. In an attempt to replace the toxic polar solvent N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), ecologically benign alternatives are selected using a screening approach. Economic process optimization is conducted for DMF and two candidate solvents. It is found that one of the green candidates performs similarly well as the standard benchmark solvent DMF, without being toxic. Therefore, the candidate has the potential to replace it.

scholarly journals Kinetics and optimization on discoloration of dyeing wastewater by schorl-catalyzed fenton-like reaction

2014 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan-Yan Xu ◽  
Wei-Chao Liu ◽  
Shu-Yan Qi ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Yuan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Reaction Rate Constant ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Kinetic Investigations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Experimental Design And Optimization

Kinetics and optimization on the discoloration of an active commercial dye, Argazol Blue BFBR (ABB) by heterogeneous Fenton-like reaction catalyzed by natural schorl were investigated in this study. Kinetic investigations revealed that the first-order kinetic model was more favorable to describe the discoloration of ABB at different reaction conditions than the second-order and Behnajady-Modirshahla-Ghanbery models. The relationship between the reaction rate constant k and reaction temperature T followed the Arrhenius equation, with the apparent activation energy Ea of 51.31kJ?mol-1. The central composite design under the response surface methodology was employed for the experimental design and optimization of the ABB discoloration process. The significance of a second order polynomial model for predicting the optimal values of ABB discoloration was evaluated by the analysis of variance and 3D response surface plots for the interactions between two variables were constructed. Then, the optimum conditions were determined.

scholarly journals Heterogeneous acidic catalysts for the tetrahydropyranylation of alcohols and phenols in green ethereal solvents

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 1655-1659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ugo Azzena ◽  
Massimo Carraro ◽  
Gloria Modugno ◽  
Luisa Pisano ◽  
Luigi Urtis
Keyword(s):  
Organic Chemistry ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysis ◽  
Important Class ◽  
Green Solvents ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Acidic Catalysts ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Work Up

The application of heterogeneous catalysis and green solvents to the set up of widely employed reactions is a challenge in contemporary organic chemistry. We applied such an approach to the synthesis and further conversion of tetrahydropyranyl ethers, an important class of compounds widely employed in multistep syntheses. Several alcohols and phenols were almost quantitatively converted into the corresponding tetrahydropyranyl ethers in cyclopentyl methyl ether or 2-methyltetrahydrofuran employing NH4HSO4 supported on SiO2 as a recyclable acidic catalyst. Easy work up of the reaction mixtures and the versatility of the solvents allowed further conversion of the reaction products under one-pot reaction conditions.

Process Optimization in Chemical Engineering

2016 ◽  
pp. 343-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iván Darío Gil Chaves ◽  
Javier Ricardo Guevara López ◽  
José Luis García Zapata ◽  
Alexander Leguizamón Robayo ◽  
Gerardo Rodríguez Niño
Keyword(s):  
Process Optimization ◽  
Chemical Engineering

scholarly journals Aliphatic Diacidic Long-Chain C16 Polyesters from 10,16-Dihydroxyhexadecanoic Acid Obtained from Tomato Residual Wastes

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arrieta-Baez ◽  
Hernández Ortíz ◽  
Terán ◽  
Torres ◽  
Gómez-Patiño
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Enzymatic Reaction ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
1H And 13C Nmr ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Langmuir Blodgett ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
One Step ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Polyester Film

10,16-dihydroxyhexadecanoic acid obtained from agroresidual tomato waste, was oxidized to produce 7-oxohexadecanedioic acid in good yield (>70%) and purified without oxidation side products in one step. Polycondensation with 1,8-octanediol, yielded the polyester (poly(ω-carboxyl PA-co-OD)) with Mw = 2155.15 and Mn = 1637.27. The best enzymatic reaction conditions to get the polyester were using lipase CAL-B (%-by-wt relative to monomer) in toluene as a solvent for 1 h at 60 °C. The poly(ω-carboxyl PA-co-OD) was characterized by 1H- and 13C-NMR, mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) and the polyester film formed with a Langmuir-Blodgett Trough was analyzed by means of spectroscopic ellipsometry and atomic force microscopy.

scholarly journals Process Optimization with Applications in Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering

1975 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-104
Author(s):  
W. Harmon Ray ◽  
Julian Szekely ◽  
Bjorn D. Tyreus
Keyword(s):  
Process Optimization ◽  
Chemical Engineering

scholarly journals Dual priming oligonucleotide system for the multiplex detection of respiratory viruses and SNP genotyping of CYP2C19 gene

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. e40-e40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-Yoon Chun ◽  
Kyoung-Joong Kim ◽  
In-Taek Hwang ◽  
Yun-Jee Kim ◽  
Dae-Hoon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Snp Genotyping ◽  
Oligonucleotide Primer ◽  
Multiplex Detection ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Dual Priming Oligonucleotide ◽  
Cyp2c19 Gene ◽  
Template Dna ◽  
Pcr Conditions

Abstract Successful PCR starts with proper priming between an oligonucleotide primer and the template DNA. However, the inevitable risk of mismatched priming cannot be avoided in the currently used primer system, even though considerable time and effort are devoted to primer design and optimization of reaction conditions. Here, we report a novel dual priming oligonucleotide (DPO) which contains two separate priming regions joined by a polydeoxyinosine linker. The linker assumes a bubble-like structure which itself is not involved in priming, but rather delineates the boundary between the two parts of the primer. This structure results in two primer segments with distinct annealing properties: a longer 5′-segment that initiates stable priming, and a short 3′-segment that determines target-specific extension. This DPO-based system is a fundamental tool for blocking extension of non-specifically primed templates, and thereby generates consistently high PCR specificity even under less than optimal PCR conditions. The strength and utility of the DPO system are demonstrated here using multiplex PCR and SNP genotyping PCR.

Design and Optimization of a Filter Based on Artificial Neural Network Applied to a Distillation Column

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose S Torrecilla ◽  
Adela Fernández ◽  
Julian Garcia ◽  
Francisco Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Distillation Column ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Engineering Process ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Noisy Signals ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann ◽  
Design And Application

This paper discusses the design and application of a filter based on an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) in a chemical engineering process. The design of a filter consists of adapting the algorithms that make up the filter to the process to be filtered. Taking into account that the ANN is able to model almost every type of chemical process, the design and application of a filter based on ANN was studied. In this work, every ANN used was based on Multilayer Perceptron (MLP). Bearing in mind that ANN should reproduce the process as accurately as possible, an optimisation of the ANN (training function and parameters) was carried out. A mathematical model of a reflux in the upper part of a distillation column was used to test the ANN filter. The ANN is able to filter noisy signals with a mean prediction error less than 2.5•10-3 %.

scholarly journals 3-Bromopyridine-Heterogenized Phosphotungstic Acid for Efficient Trimerization of Biomass-Derived 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural with 2-Methylfuran to C21 Fuel Precursor

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Yufei Xu ◽  
Zhaozhuo Yu ◽  
Hu Li ◽  
Song Yang
Keyword(s):  
Phosphotungstic Acid ◽  
Solvothermal Method ◽  
Reaction Pathway ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Acidic Catalyst ◽  
Carbon Compounds ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Long Chain

The production of long-chain carbon compounds (C9-C21) from biomass derivatives to alternate traditional fossil diesel is sustainable, eco-friendly, and potentially economic for modern industry. In this work, phosphotungstic acid heterogenized by 3-bromopyridine was achieved using a solvothermal method, which was demonstrated to be efficient for trimerization of biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) with 2-methylfuran (2-MF) to C21 fuel precursor (57.1% yield) under mild reaction conditions. The heterogeneous acidic catalyst could be reused for four consecutive cycles without obvious loss of activity, and different characterization techniques (e.g., XRD (X-ray diffraction), TG (thermogravimetric analysis), SEM (scanning electron microscope), FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), and BET (Brunauer-Emmet-Teller)) were utilized to investigate the performance of the catalyst. In addition, a plausible reaction pathway was postulated, on the basis of results obtained by NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) and GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometer). This strategy provides a facile and efficient approach to prepare a recyclable acidic catalyst for the production of diesel fuel precursor from biomass via controllable polymerization.

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