scholarly journals Comparing Low-Temperature Hydrothermal Pretreatments through Convective Heating versus Microwave Heating for Napier Grass Digestion

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1221
Author(s):  
Kanyarat Saritpongteeraka ◽  
Jutawan Kaewsung ◽  
Boonya Charnnok ◽  
Sumate Chaiprapat
Keyword(s):  
Waste Heat ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Napier Grass ◽  
Convective Heating ◽  
Quadratic Regression ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Microwave Exposure ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
Biomethane Production ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigates the effects of convective hydrothermal pretreatment (CHTP) compared to microwave pretreatment (MWP) on the anaerobic digestion of hybrid Napier grass for biomethane production. For rapid estimation of methane yield (YCH4), enzymatic hydrolyzability (EH), whose test lasts only 2 days was used as a surrogate parameter instead of the biochemical methane potential (BMP) assay that normally takes 45–60 days. The relationship between EH and BMP was successfully modeled with satisfactory accuracy (R2 = 0.9810). From CHTP results, quadratic regression characterised by p < 0.0001 and R2 = 0.8364 shows that YCH4 increase was clearly sensitive to detention time at all CHTP temperatures. The maximal YCH4 achieved of 301.5 ± 3.0 mL CH4/gVSadd was 53.2% higher than the control. Then, MWP was employed at various power levels and microwave exposure times. Changes in lignocellulosic structure by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and energy balance demonstrate that MWP caused more damage to plant cells, which proved more effective than CHTP. In the best conditions, approximately 50% of energy was needed for MWP to achieve the equivalent improvement in YCH4. However, CHTP is a more suitable option since waste heat, i.e., from a biogas CHP (combined heat and power) unit, could be used, as opposed to the electricity required for MWP.

scholarly journals Biogas Potential of Coffee Processing Waste in Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilhate Chala ◽  
Hans Oechsner ◽  
Sajid Latif ◽  
Joachim Müller
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Anaerobic Performance ◽  
Processing Waste ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
The Mean

Primary coffee processing is performed following the dry method or wet method. The dry method generates husk as a by-product, while the wet method generates pulp, parchment, mucilage, and waste water. In this study, characterization, as well as the potential of husk, pulp, parchment, and mucilage for methane production were examined in biochemical methane potential assays performed at 37 °C. Pulp, husk, and mucilage had similar cellulose contents (32%). The lignin contents in pulp and husk were 15.5% and 17.5%, respectively. Mucilage had the lowest hemicellulose (0.8%) and lignin (5%) contents. The parchment showed substantially higher lignin (32%) and neutral detergent fiber (96%) contents. The mean specific methane yields from husk, pulp, parchment, and mucilage were 159.4 ± 1.8, 244.7 ± 6.4, 31.1 ± 2.0, and 294.5 ± 9.6 L kg−1 VS, respectively. The anaerobic performance of parchment was very low, and therefore was found not to be suitable for anaerobic fermentation. It was estimated that, in Ethiopia, anaerobic digestion of husk, pulp, and mucilage could generate as much as 68 × 106 m3 methane per year, which could be converted to 238,000 MWh of electricity and 273,000 MWh of thermal energy in combined heat and power units. Coffee processing facilities can utilize both electricity and thermal energy for their own productive purposes.

scholarly journals Optimisation of C:N Ratio for Co-Digested Processed Industrial Food Waste and Sewage Sludge Using the BMP Test

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuhaib Siddiqui ◽  
N.J. Horan ◽  
Kofi Anaman
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Methane Yield ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
Biomethane Production ◽  
Bmp Test

Biomethane production from processed industrial food waste (IFW) in admixture with sewage sludge (primary and waste activated sludge: PS and WAS) was evaluated at a range of C:N ratios using a standard biochemical methane potential (BMP) test. IFW alone had a C:N of 30 whereas for WAS it was 5.4 and thus the C:N ratio of the blends fell in that range. Increasing the IFW content in mix improves the methane potential by increasing both the cumulative biogas production and the rate of methane production. Optimum methane yield 239 mL/g VSremoved occurred at a C:N ratio of 15 which was achieved with a blend containing 11 percent (w/w) IFW. As the fraction of IFW in the blend increased, volatile solids (VS) destruction was increased and this led to a reduction in methane yield and amount of production. The highest destruction of volatile solids of 93 percent was achieved at C:N of 20 followed by C:N 30 and 15. A shortened BMP test is adequate for evaluating optimum admixtures.

scholarly journals Effect of Paper vs. Bioplastic Bags on Food Waste Collection and Processing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Dolci ◽  
Arianna Catenacci ◽  
Francesca Malpei ◽  
Mario Grosso
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Recycled Paper ◽  
Weight Losses ◽  
Breathable Fabric ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
New Type ◽  
Biomethane Production

Abstract Purpose The most abundant among the separately collected waste materials in Italy is food waste. This research aims to evaluate the influence of the type of collection bag on the food waste management chain. In Italy, the food waste collection is mainly based on bioplastic bags. As an alternative, a new type of recycled paper bag shows potential advantages. Methods The two types of collection bag were compared evaluating the weight loss of food waste during the household storage, by means of an experimental assessment simulating the domestic dynamic bag filling. Moreover, the biomethane production of bags under anaerobic conditions was measured at the lab-scale level with Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) tests. Results During the household storage, the breathable fabric of the paper allows for higher weight losses, ranging on average between + 29 and + 44% compared to bioplastic. BMP tests, carried out under different conditions (temperature, inoculum), showed a 2–14 times higher generation of methane by paper bags compared to bioplastic bags, when referred to 1 kg of inserted food waste. Conclusions Collecting the food waste inside paper bags shows advantages compared to the use of bioplastic bags. First, the waste collection is benefitted thanks to the lower weight of material to be transported to treatment plants, leading also to the possibility of decreasing the collection frequency. Moreover, paper resulted more compatible than bioplastic with the anaerobic digestion treatment, which is currently rapidly increasing as a food waste management option. Graphic Abstract

scholarly journals Biochemical Methane Potential Assessment by Anaerobic Digestion of Locally Available Grasses of Phuentsholing, Bhutan

2021 ◽  
pp. 135-144
Author(s):  
Yeshi Choden ◽  
Samten Zangmo ◽  
Saahin Tamang ◽  
Thinley Gyeltshen ◽  
Karma Phuntshok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Napier Grass ◽  
Inert Gases ◽  
Continuous Reactor ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Methane Potential

Renewable energy is not only environmental friendly but also promotes sustainable development. Biogas being one of the abundantly used renewable resource, the enhancement and optimization of the yield of biogas can help in reduction of dependence on imported fuel. Biochemical methane potential (BMP) assessment of grass will determine the production of methane (CH4) from this substrate through the process of anaerobic digestion. After determining the parameters such as pH, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Total solids (TS) of three types of local grasses known as Basil, Bermuda and Napier, that affects the production of biogas, Napier grass resulted with the highest potential to produce CH4 gas. Batch and continuous reactor method under mesophilic condition was adopted. The composition of biogas from continuous reactor was obtained using a biogas analyzer (Biogas 5000 Geotech), from which 30.8% of CH4,  8% of CO2 and other inert gases were found. Also, methane to carbon dioxide (CH4: CO2) ratio of 3.81: 1 approximately (80% - 20%) was achieved. Moreover, the batch reactor method showed that 1L Napier grass silage would yield 0.81L of biogas. The concentration of CH4 gas from Napier grass in hydraulic retention time as short as 20 days was very significant. This study shows that Napier grass can be used as an alternative sustainable source of energy in the country which can improve resource constraints.

scholarly journals Treatment of Cheese Whey Wastewater Using an Expanded Granular Sludge Bed (EGSB) Bioreactor with Biomethane Production

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 931
Author(s):  
Abumalé Cruz-Salomón ◽  
Edna Ríos-Valdovinos ◽  
Francisco Pola-Albores ◽  
Selene Lagunas-Rivera ◽  
Rosa Isela Cruz-Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cheese Whey ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Stable Conditions ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
Biomethane Production ◽  
Cod Removal Rate

Cheese whey wastewater (CWW) is the major by-product of the dairy industry. CWW is produced in large quantities, has varied characteristics and is usually disposed of. The disposal of CWW causes a negative impact on the environment of different agroindustrial areas due to the physic-chemical composition that significantly increases its high organic load and nutrients. For this reason, the aim of this work was to carry out an evaluation of the anaerobic treatability of an Expanded Granular Sludge Bed (EGSB) bioreactor as a new sustainable alternative for treatment of these effluents with bioenergy production. In this study, the bioreactor was operated under stable conditions (i.e., buffer index of 0.23 ± 0.1, pH 7.22 ± 0.4 and temperature 26.6 ± 1.4 °C) for 201 days. During evaluation the hydraulic retention time (HRT) was 6 and 8 days, and it was buffered with NaHCO3. At these conditions, the COD removal rate and biochemical methane potential (BMP) were 90, 92%; and 334, 328 mLCH4/gCOD, respectively. The evidence found in this study highlighted that the CWW is a viable substrate to be treated in the EGSB bioreactor as long as it keeps buffered. Furthermore, the process to treat the CWW in an EGSB bioreactor can be a sustainable alternative to simultaneously solve the environmental pollution that this agro-industry confronts and produce renewable and environmentally-friendly bioenergy.

scholarly journals Exploring the Biomethane Potential of Different Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Biomass Residues

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3361
Author(s):  
Silvio Matassa ◽  
Giovanni Esposito ◽  
Francesco Pirozzi ◽  
Stefano Papirio
Keyword(s):  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mechanical Grinding ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Biomass Residues ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
Biomethane Production ◽  
Industrial Hemp ◽  
High Biomass Yield

Industrial hemp stands out as a promising candidate for clean and sustainable biomass-to-bioenergy systems due to its multipurpose, high biomass yield and resource efficiency features. In this study, different hemp biomass residues (HBRs) were evaluated as a potential feedstock for renewable biomethane production through anaerobic digestion (AD). The biochemical methane potential (BMP) of the raw and pretreated fibers, stalks, hurds, leaves and inflorescences was investigated by means of batch anaerobic tests. The highest BMP was obtained with the raw fibers (i.e., 422 ± 20 mL CH4·g VS−1), while hemp hurds (unretted), making up more than half of the whole hemp plant dry weight, showed a lower BMP value of 239 ± 10 mL CH4·g VS−1. The alkali pretreatment of unretted hurds and mechanical grinding of retted hurds effectively enhanced the BMP of both substrates by 15.9%. The mix of leaves and inflorescences and inflorescences alone showed low BMP values (i.e., 118 ± 8 and 26 ± 5 mL CH4·g VS−1, respectively) and a prolonged inhibition of methanogenesis. The latter could be overcome through NaOH pretreatment in the mix of leaves and inflorescences (+28.5% methane production).

scholarly journals Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Cheese Whey and Industrial Hemp Residues Opens New Perspectives for the Valorization of Agri-Food Waste

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Papirio ◽  
Silvio Matassa ◽  
Francesco Pirozzi ◽  
Giovanni Esposito
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Cheese Whey ◽  
National Context ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Key Sectors ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
Biomethane Production ◽  
Industrial Hemp

Cheese whey (CW) and hemp hurds (HH) represent typically overabundant biowastes of food and agricultural production, and their circular management is crucial to improve both sustainability and profitability of the agri-food chain. By combining experimental biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests and literature data, the techno-economic aspects of a possible future bioenergy valorization of CW and HH through anaerobic digestion (AD) and co- digestion (coAD) were analyzed. Along the 42-days, BMP assays, CW, and HH alone rendered BMP values of 446 ± 66 and 242 ± 13 mL CH4·g VS−1, respectively. The application of coAD with CW and HH at a 70:30 ratio allowed to enhance the biomethane production by 10.7%, as compared to the corresponding calculated value. In terms of economic profitability, the valorization of HH as biomethane in a dual-purpose hemp cultivation could potentially enable net profits of up to 3929 €·ha−1, which could rise to 6124 €·ha−1 in case of coAD with CW. Finally, by projecting the biomethane potential from current and future available CW and HH residues in the national context of Italy, a total biomethane yield of up to 296 MNm3·y−1 could be attained, offering interesting perspectives for the sustainability of key sectors such as transportation.

Biochemical Methane Potential Assay Using Single Versus Dual Sludge Inocula and Gap in Energy Recovery from Napier Grass Digestion

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1321-1329
Author(s):  
Amornpan Thaemngoen ◽  
Chettaphong Phuttaro ◽  
Kanyarat Saritpongteeraka ◽  
Shao-Yuan Leu ◽  
Sumate Chaiprapat
Keyword(s):  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Napier Grass ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
Single Versus

INFLUENCE OF FREEZING/THAWING AND DRYING/MILLING ON BIOCHEMICAL METHANE POTENTIAL

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1533-1536
Author(s):  
Jin Mi Triolo ◽  
Sven Gjedde Sommer ◽  
Lene Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Methane Potential

scholarly journals Batch Anaerobic Co-Digestion and Biochemical Methane Potential Analysis of Goat Manure and Food Waste

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1952
Author(s):  
Ayobami Orangun ◽  
Harjinder Kaur ◽  
Raghava R. Kommalapati
Keyword(s):  
Food Waste ◽  
Gompertz Model ◽  
Water Displacement ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Greenhouse Gasses ◽  
Nonlinear Regression Models ◽  
The Us ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
Goat Manure ◽  
Modified Gompertz Model

The improper management of goat manure from concentrated goat feeding operations and food waste leads to the emission of greenhouse gasses and water pollution in the US. The wastes were collected from the International Goat Research Center and a dining facility at Prairie View A&M University. The biochemical methane potential of these two substrates in mono and co-digestion at varied proportions was determined in triplicates and processes were evaluated using two nonlinear regression models. The experiments were conducted at 36 ± 1 °C with an inoculum to substrate ratio of 2.0. The biomethane was measured by water displacement method (pH 10:30), absorbing carbon dioxide. The cumulative yields in goat manure and food waste mono-digestions were 169.7 and 206.0 mL/gVS, respectively. Among co-digestion, 60% goat manure achieved the highest biomethane yields of 380.5 mL/gVS. The biodegradabilities of 33.5 and 65.7% were observed in goat manure and food waste mono-digestions, while 97.4% were observed in the co-digestion having 60% goat manure. The modified Gompertz model is an excellent fit in simulating the anaerobic digestion of food waste and goat manure substrates. These findings provide useful insights into the co-digestion of these substrates.

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