Analysis of Swimming Motion for a Swimmer with Unilateral Transradial Deficiency to Develop Better Training Paddles

Devices for swimmers with arm amputation/deficiency have not been developed a lot and therefore many improvements can be realized. Although swimmers often use paddles during training, paddles on the market are basically for swimmers without amputation/deficiency. The objective of this study was to analyze the swimming motion of a swimmer with unilateral transradial deficiency and to obtain the findings for development of better training paddles. The crawl stroke was filmed for a swimmer with unilateral transradial deficiency. The body geometry as well as the joint motion based on the filmed images were put into the swimming human simulation model SWUM, and a simulation was conducted. From the simulation, the coordination and thrusts of both limbs were obtained and fully discussed. Overall, significant asymmetry between the intact and deficient limbs was found. It was also found that the deficient limb contributed to the propulsion only for 7% of the intact limb.

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Development of Swimming Human Simulation Model Considering Rigid Body Dynamics and Unsteady Fluid Force for Whole Body

Journal of Fluid Science and Technology ◽

10.1299/jfst.2.56 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 56-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

Motomu NAKASHIMA ◽

Ken SATOU ◽

Yasufumi MIURA

Keyword(s):

Rigid Body ◽

Simulation Model ◽

Rigid Body Dynamics ◽

Whole Body ◽

Fluid Force ◽

Body Dynamics ◽

Unsteady Fluid ◽

Human Simulation

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Sophocles, Philoctetes and Oedipus at Colonus

Motion in Classical Literature ◽

10.1093/oso/9780198855620.003.0006 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 153-190

Author(s):

G. O. Hutchinson

Keyword(s):

Old Age ◽

The Body ◽

Joint Motion ◽

The Rich ◽

Oedipus At Colonus

Tragedy presents motion visually, but this is only part of one level of motion. Actual but unseen motion and metaphorical motion interact with stage motion in the rich mythology and language of tragedies. Tragic plots involve motion beyond the stage and are part of larger myths of motion; lyric and speech in Antigone and OT exhibit dense complexes of poetry, events, action. The tragic language of motion is elaborate; each of Sophocles’ plays has its specialities. Tragedy likes speed; but the Philoctetes and OC exploit laborious movement, fraught with long suffering. They survey through motion Philoctetes’ solitary disability and Oedipus’ old age with his daughter. The passages looked at include Philoctetes telling of his endeavours to get food, an attack on stage in which he falls down, the moral and dramatic intricacies of attempted joint motion with Neoptolemus, Antigone being carried off, the winds assailing old age, the failed journey of Oedipus’ son. They manifest: the difficult specifics of movement, graphic stage movement, interweaving of drama and metaphor, groups and individuals, near-authorial lyric, obstinate immorality. Motion in the plays ranges from imagined entry into heaven or the underworld to pain within the body and awkward sitting down. The chamber Philoctetes offers a vast breadth of motion; the fixed OC shows constant fluctuation.

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Development of Swimming Human Simulation Model Considering Rigid Body Dynamics and Unsteady Fluid Force for Whole Body

TRANSACTIONS OF THE JAPAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS Series B ◽

10.1299/kikaib.71.1361 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 71 (705) ◽

pp. 1361-1369 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Motomu NAKASHIMA ◽

Ken SATOU ◽

Yasufumi MIURA

Keyword(s):

Rigid Body ◽

Simulation Model ◽

Rigid Body Dynamics ◽

Whole Body ◽

Fluid Force ◽

Body Dynamics ◽

Unsteady Fluid ◽

Human Simulation

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Functional Hallux Limitus

Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association ◽

10.7547/0980236 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 99 (3) ◽

pp. 236-243 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Beverley Durrant ◽

Nachiappan Chockalingam

Keyword(s):

Sagittal Plane ◽

Proximal Phalanx ◽

Metatarsal Head ◽

The Body ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Joint Motion ◽

Detailed Review ◽

Hallux Limitus ◽

First Metatarsal ◽

Gait Characteristics

Functional hallux limitus is defined as a functional inability of the proximal phalanx of the hallux to extend on the first metatarsal head during gait. The theory concerning this anomaly and the altered gait characteristics that may result appears to have influenced the understanding of sagittal plane podiatric biomechanics. Although there is an increase in the body of evidence to support the proposed gait alterations, a detailed review suggests the need for further work. The aim of this article is to review the functional hallux limitus literature and its reported effects on gait. Furthermore, we explore some of the key and inherent problems with obtaining accurate data for joint motion measurement in the foot. With evidence-based practice now at the forefront of both clinical and academic practice, it is imperative to review the literature that underpins a particular commonly held or historical belief, in order to substantiate and validate subsequent diagnoses and treatments provided in light of this information. This is also true to advance the understanding of a particular anomaly or pathology and to inform so as to facilitate the provision of better care to patients. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 99(3): 236–243, 2009)

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PENGEMBANGAN GERAK DASAR RENANG UNTUK ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR

Jurnal Pemikiran dan Pengembangan Sekolah Dasar (JP2SD) ◽

10.22219/jp2sd.v1i1.1523 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Bustanol Arifin

Keyword(s):

Physical Education ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Model Development ◽

The Body ◽

Learning Objectives ◽

Recreational Activity ◽

Self Confidence ◽

Swimming Motion ◽

Leg Movement ◽

Motion Design

PENGEMBANGAN GERAK DASAR RENANGUNTUK ANAK SEKOLAH DASARBustanol Arifine-mail: [email protected]:Movement skills in the learning process of physical education in primary schoolsone of which is the basic swimming motion. The reason of the branch pool can be used toachieve the goal of physical education because the pool has many benefits. The benefits ofwhich can assist the growth and development of the body, to socialize and interact with others,increase self-confidence, and can be used as a recreational activity due to cold stimuli canrefresh the body and feelings. Model development of basic swimming motion in primaryschools should be tailored to the stage of growth and development that results are achieved inaccordance with the desired learning objectives. Motion design is basic pool (1) Introduction ofwater covers the child sits alongside a pond, moving both legs on the edge of the pool, movingboth feet with your legs straight, prone lane swimming by moving the legs, go and standalongside a pond, put the head into the water, walk holds a float pond, (2) motion base poolcovers sliding movement, leg movement with a buoy, hand rotary movement, do take thebreath with a swivel arm, coordinating the movements in moving the base pool.Abstrak:Keterampilan gerak dalam proses pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani di sekolah dasarsalah satunya adalah gerak dasar renang. Alasan mengapa cabang renang dapat digunakanuntuk mencapai tujuan pendidikan jasmani karena renang memiliki banyak manfaat. Manfaattersebut diantaranya dapat membantu pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tubuh, bersosialisasidan berinteraksi dengan orang lain, menambah kepercayaan pada diri sendiri dan dapatdigunakan sebagai kegiatan rekreatif karena rangsangan dingin dapat menyegarkan tubuh danperasaan. Model pengembangan gerak dasar renang di sekolah dasar harus disesuaikan dengantahap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak, agar hasil yang dicapai sesuai dengan tujuanpembelajaran yang diinginkan. Desain gerak dasar renang tersebut meliputi (1) Pengenalan air,anak duduk di pinggir kolam, menggerakkan kedua kaki di pinggir kolam, menggerakan keduakaki dengan kaki lurus, tengurap di pinggir kolam dengan menggerakkan kedua kaki, masukdan berdiri di pinggir kolam, memasukkan kepala ke dalam air, berjalan memegang pelampungdi kolam, (2) Gerak dasar renang meliputi melakukan gerakan meluncur, melakukan gerakankaki dengan pelampung, melakukan gerakan putar tangan, melakukan ambil nafas denganputar tangan, melakukan gerak koordinasi gerakan dasar renang.Kata Kunci: gerak dasar renang, sekolah dasar (SD)

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A Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of an Ideal Anguilliform Swimming Motion

Marine Technology Society Journal ◽

10.4031/mtsj.51.6.1 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 51 (6) ◽

pp. 21-32

Author(s):

Brandon M. Taravella ◽

Charles T. Rogers

Keyword(s):

Fluid Dynamics ◽

Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽

Fluid Velocity ◽

The Body ◽

Current Work ◽

Ansys Fluent ◽

Induced Drag ◽

Swimming Motion ◽

Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis ◽

Body Formulation

AbstractResearchers have been studying swimming motions of various fishes for numerous years. The scope of the current work is to validate the results of an ideal anguilliform swimming motion developed by Vorus and Taravella (2011) by modeling the motion in a commercially available Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code. The ideal swimming motion developed by Vorus and Taravella (2011) shows that thrust can be generated by an anguilliform swimmer without producing wake-induced drag. In the current work, ANSYS Fluent was used to discretize and solve Euler's equation and the continuity conservation. The results for fluid velocity on the body of the anguilliform show an average agreement within ±3% to the potential flow slender body formulation of Vorus and Taravella (2011). There is also no induced circulation in the wake of the anguilliform in the CFD solution, which confirms the absence of wake-induced drag. The results suggest that it is plausible for an undulating body to produce thrust that is purely inertial and is produced by body accelerations acting through hydrodynamic added mass.

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Further Observations on the Effect of De-Afferentation on the Locomotory Activity of Amphibian Limbs

Journal of Experimental Biology ◽

10.1242/jeb.23.2.121 ◽

1946 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 121-132

Author(s):

J. GRAY ◽

H. W. LISSMANN

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Motor Nerve ◽

Sensory Nerve ◽

The Body ◽

Locomotory Activity ◽

Nerve Supply ◽

Nerve Fibres ◽

Stimulation Of ◽

Intact Limb

1. An examination of a large number of toads has confirmed the conclusion that unilateral integrity of the sensory and motor nerve supply to one segment is necessary for the maintenance of the normal diagonal pattern of ambulation. The site of the intact segment is immaterial; segments of the body are equally effective as those of a limb provided the number of sensory nerve fibres is approximately the same. 2. If three limbs and the body are de-afferentated, a stimulus applied to the fourth intact limb can evoke well co-ordinated ambulation in all four limbs. If the motor roots of the fourth limb are cut, a stimulus applied to this limb invariably elicits only a monophasic response in each of the remaining three limbs. The nature of the monophasic response is always such as tends to move the body away from the source of stimulation. 3. A central nervous system totally isolated from stimulation of proprioceptor or labyrinthine origin cannot sustain co-ordinated movements of a toad either on land or in water.

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Swimming and body orientation of Notolepis rissoi in relation to lateral line and visual function

Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom ◽

10.1017/s0025315400060112 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 72 (4) ◽

pp. 877-886 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

John Janssen ◽

Neville W. Pankhurst ◽

G. Richard Harbison

Keyword(s):

Lateral Line ◽

Visual Function ◽

The Body ◽

Body Axis ◽

Great Decrease ◽

Caudal Region ◽

Swimming Motion ◽

Red Muscle ◽

Body Level ◽

The Cost

When observed from a submersible, the mesopelagic paralepidid Notolepis rissoi (Pisces: Paralepididae) will hover head up with the body at about 45°. The fish's swimming motion is restricted to the extreme caudal region with most of the body rigid. The trunk lateral-line canal ends at about the position that caudal motion becomes noticeable and there is a great decrease in neuromast size near the posterior end of the canal. The size of the neuromasts is also inversely related to the percentage of red muscle at the same body level. The eyes have an aphakic space oriented dorso-anteriorly at about 45° to the body axis so that during hovering the aphakic space is oriented vertically. Retinal anatomy indicates that photoreceptors opposite the aphakic space appear to enhance resolution at the cost of sensitivity, whilst lateral photoreceptors enhance sensitivity at the expense of resolution. We interpret the swimming attitude and mechanics as adaptations to minimize self-induced oscillations which would be deleterious to visual and lateral-line function.

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A Study of the Planar Serial-Parallel Mechanism With Various Stiffness for a Biotic Compliant Fish

Volume 3A: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering ◽

10.1115/imece2013-62305 ◽

2013 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cui Zuo ◽

Jiang Hong-zhou

Keyword(s):

Simulation Model ◽

Strouhal Number ◽

Parallel Mechanism ◽

Swimming Performance ◽

Variable Stiffness ◽

The Body ◽

Robotic Fish ◽

Driving Frequency ◽

Parallel Mechanisms ◽

Forward Speed

Previous biological experiments show that the fish use their muscles to stiffen their bodies for improving the swimming performance. Inspired by that, we propose a planar model of oscillatory propulsor with variable stiffness using hyper redundant serial-parallel mechanisms to mimic a fish. Our goal in the paper is to identify the swimming characteristics with respect to the body stiffness. Moreover, a simulation model is presented and its results show that the swimming performance is largely dependent on the body stiffness and the driven frequency. Our primary conclusions include: 1) when the driven frequency is closed to the design frequency, the robotic fish with the calculated body stiffness has a super swimming performance. 2) Driven at the design frequency, the forward speed of robotic fish is linearly proportional to the driving frequency and the Strouhal number is consistent with the experiment results 0.25<St<0.35.

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