scholarly journals Analysis of the Negative Daily Temperatures Influence on the Failure Rate of the Water Supply Network

Resources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Jakub Żywiec ◽  
Krzysztof Boryczko ◽  
Dariusz Kowalski
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Failure Rate ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Operational Reliability ◽  
Daily Temperature ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Supply Network ◽  
Water Supply Network ◽  
Cause Of Failure ◽  
The Impact

As a part of the critical infrastructure, water supply systems must be characterized by an appropriate level of operational reliability and safety. One of the threats to this is the failure of the water supply network, influenced by many factors, among which we can distinguish internal factors related to the process of designing, construction and system operation, and external factors related to the impact of the environment. The paper presents the influence of negative daily temperature on the failure rate of the water supply network, taking into account the material of the pipes, their diameters, and the cause of failure. The research was carried out on operational data from the period 2004–2018 from the water supply network in a city located in south-eastern Poland. The relationship between the daily temperature and the failure rate of the water supply system has been shown. As the temperature values drop, the failure rate values increase. The biggest influence of the negative daily temperature on the water supply network failure rate is observed for cast iron pipes. PE and PVC pipes are more resistant to the influence of negative temperatures. The most common cause of failure is corrosion and unsealing of the pipes. Pipes with the diameters of 100, 150, 300, 350, and 400 mm in distribution and main networks turned out to fail most often. These results can be used by water supply companies to limit the influence of factors related to negative daily temperatures on the failure rate of the water supply network.

scholarly journals Failure Analysis of the Water Supply Network in the Aspect of Climate Changes on the Example of the Central and Eastern Europe Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 6886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Żywiec ◽  
Izabela Piegdoń ◽  
Barbara Tchórzewska-Cieślak
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Failure Rate ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Supply Network ◽  
Water Supply Network

The consequences of climate changes are felt by society every day. A sudden increase or decrease in air temperature, increasingly frequent, extreme weather phenomena can cause enormous economic damage to countries and cities. The occurrence of random weather phenomena and their negative impact on technical infrastructure nowadays are the basic problem related to ensuring the safety of the functioning of each system. Climate changes and significant air temperature amplitudes have a direct impact on the functioning of the critical infrastructure of cities, which includes collective water supply systems (CWSS). The paper presents the impact of climate change on the failure of a water supply network. Correlation between failure rate and air temperature was determined. This was used to determine the number of failures for the near 2036–2050 and distant 2086–2100 future in terms of climate change (temperature increase). The results confirm the thesis known from the literature that the failure rate decreases as the temperature increases. For forecasted periods as a result of temperature rise due to climate change, the reduction of the number of water pipe failures is expected in the range of 1.22% to 2.35% for the 2036–2050 period and from 2.96% to 8.66% for the 2086–2100 period, depending on the development of Representative CO2 Concentration Scenarios (RCP). The decrease in the total number of failures will have an impact on the increase in the reliability and safety of water supply to consumers.

scholarly journals Social-network-based water supply network sectorization methodology using monte carlo simulation to predict economical and operational benefits

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 44-53
Author(s):  
Enrique Campbell ◽  
Amilkar Illaya-Ayza ◽  
Joaquín Izquierdo ◽  
Rafael Pérez-García ◽  
Idel Montalvo
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Supply Network ◽  
Water Supply Network ◽  
Water Supply Management ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Impact

Water Supply Network (WSN) sectorization is a broadly known technique aimed at enhancing water supply management. In general, existing methodologies for sectorization of WSNs are limited to assessment of the impact of its implementation over reduction of background leakage, underestimating increased capacity to detect new leakage events and undermining appropriate investment substantiation. In this work, we raise this issue and put in place a methodology to optimize sectors' design. To this end, we carry out a novel combination of the Short Run Economic Leakage Level concept (SRELL- corresponding to leakage level that can occur in a WSN in a certain period of time and whose reparation would be more costly than the benefits that can be obtained). With a non-deterministic optimization method based on Genetic Algorithms (GAs) in combination with Monte Carlo simulation. As an example of application, methodology is implemented over a 246 km pipe-long WSN, reporting 72 397 $/year as net profit.

Diversification of Water Network Tanks Volume

2015 ◽  
Vol 811 ◽  
pp. 395-401
Author(s):  
Janusz Rak ◽  
Katarzyna Pietrucha-Urbanik
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Supply Network ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Water Supply Network ◽  
Crisis Situations

Diversification of the water volume has a particularly positive role in crisis situations related to water supply in urban and industrial areas. The function of water supply tanks is to compensate water supply for a settlement unit in a daily cycle, stabilizing the pressure in the supply area. In crisis situations, tanks capacity is used for the purposes of fire. A new function is the use of stored water as an emergency source of water supply during failure. Water supply network tanks act as reserves for various types of undesirable events. The previous methods of analysis and risk assessment in water supply systems did not include directly the assessment of volume diversification in a given number of water supply network tanks. For this purpose the Shannon-Wiener index, as well as the author’s index, based on the polynomial function, were proposed. These indices enable to perform an objective assessment of the water volume diversification degree ​​​and comparing the various subsystems of collecting water on the example of seven water supply system in the south of Poland. Perspectives for the development of research direction, that is safety management, is a challenge for both theoreticians and practitioners working in the water supply companies.

scholarly journals Quality Analysis of Water Network Failure

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Tchórzewska-Cieślak ◽  
Dawid Szpak ◽  
Izabela Piegdoń ◽  
Anna Szlachta
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Failure Rate ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Material Structure ◽  
Supply Network ◽  
Water Supply Network ◽  
Network Failure ◽  
Rate Analysis ◽  
Provincial City ◽  
Water Supply Company

Abstract The main objective of the study was to analyse and assess the failure rate of the water supply system of a provincial city located in south-eastern Poland. In the analysis the exploitation data provided by the water supply company were used. The received data include, among others, material structure, age of water supply network and failure log. The failure rate analysis of the water supply network was based on the failure rate index λ [failure/(km∙year)]. Based on the performed analysis, it was found that the water company should consider renovating or replacing steel pipes.

scholarly journals Modelling of failure rate of water supply network using the Bayes theorem

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 00175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawid Szpak ◽  
Barbara Tchórzewska-Cieślak
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Failure Rate ◽  
Bayes Theorem ◽  
Probability Of Failure ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Supply Network ◽  
Water Supply Network ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Water Supply Company

The subject of the publication is the analysis and assessment of failure rate of the water supply network in a district city located in south-eastern Poland. The analysis was based on the failure rate index. In addition, the paper uses the Bayes theorem to determine the probability of failure of water supply network. The exploitation data obtained from the water supply company were used in the work. It was found that the water supply network of the analysed city is characterized by good technical condition.

scholarly journals Seasonality of water supply network failure in the aspect of water supply safety

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 00140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Piegdoń ◽  
Barbara Tchórzewska-Cieślak
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
System Failure ◽  
Supply Network ◽  
Water Supply Network ◽  
Network Failure ◽  
Water Supply Company ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
Special Case ◽  
Operational Data

Many phenomena are characterized by unevenness and variability in time, so-called periodic fluctuations, of which seasonal variations are a special case. In water supply systems, the failures of water pipes are also characterized by unevenness during the year. Seasonality is especially evident when the failures are analysed at particular times of the year. The main purpose of this paper is to present the problems of failures in water supply network caused by seasonal changes, to determine seasonal indicators and to give an example of the system failure analysis for the selected city of south-eastern Poland. The analysis was based on actual operational data obtained from water supply company.

scholarly journals An Accurate Leakage Localization Method for Water Supply Network Based on Deep Learning Network

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Li ◽  
Wenjun Zheng ◽  
Changgang Lu
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Supply Network ◽  
Pipe Network ◽  
Positioning Accuracy ◽  
Water Supply Network ◽  
Specific Location ◽  
Pipe Section ◽  
Leak Location ◽  
Deep Learning Network

Abstract In the water supply network, leakage of pipes will cause water loss and increase the risk of environmental pollution. For water supply systems, identifying the leak point can improve the efficiency of pipeline leak repair. Most existing leak location methods can only locate the leak point approximately to the node or pipe section of the pipe network, but cannot locate the specific location of the pipe section. This paper presents a framework for accurate location of water supply network leakage based on ResNet. The framework is to pinpoint leaks to specific locations along the pipeline. The leakage of two kinds of pipe networks is simulated. For a pipe network containing 40 pipes, the positioning accuracy of the pipe section is 0.94, and the MSE of the specific location of the leakage point is 0.000435. For the pipe network containing 117 pipes, the positioning accuracy of the pipe section is 0.91, and the MSE of the specific location of the leakage point is 0.0009177, and the leak location ability under different sensor arrangements is analyzed. Experiments verify the robustness and applicability of the framework.

scholarly journals Improvement of the Water-Energy Nexus and the Environmental Performance of Water Supply Systems using Smart ICT Solutions

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 679-689
Author(s):  
Jorge Helmbrecht ◽  
Matthias Maier ◽  
Esteban Morillo ◽  
Dirk Kühlers ◽  
Karl Roth
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Supply Network ◽  
Network Efficiency ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Water Supply Network ◽  
North West ◽  
Intelligent Software ◽  
Water Energy Nexus

In the last years, there has been a great interest in the complex interactions between energy and water, known as the Water-Energy Nexus.1 Free and unrestricted availability and access to energy and water enables the growth of an economy and supports the quality of life. The Water-Energy Nexus is considered as one of the most important multidisciplinary challenges2 that the water market globally growing has to face in the forthcoming years. Currently, many water systems are not managed in terms of long term sustainability. Water Utilities (WU) are faced to further challenges, such as aging of their infrastructure and poor cost-recovery, leading to a lack of finance for operation and maintenance (O&M). Energy is required in all stages of water production and distribution, from abstraction over treatment to transportation. Energy costs are a top-of-mind concern for WU, regardless of the geography, size and level of water network efficiency.3 On the other hand, in developing countries WU are having a hard time to either improve their services or expand their network to unserved neighbourhoods. Regarding all this facts, and considering an economic and competitive scenario which forces to respond to pressures from various fields (market, technology, society...), lead to the need to implement new methods and processes that can meet these growing demands and to try to manage responses and actions in real time. Intelligent software solutions can be applied to networks, whether they have either smart metering and large amounts of data or less recorded data. They enhance the operators’ knowledge of this data, turn it into useful information for decision-making related to the operation, maintenance and the design of the water supply network. In this paper, an application of an intelligent software solution is presented. WatEner, a smart Information and Communication Technology (ICT) solution that combines the key factors of energy consumption with further operational requirements of drinking water supply to improve the management of water supply networks, has been tested with good results by the WU of the city of Karlsruhe, a water rich area in North-West - Europe where the main objective was to save energy in the drinking water distribution. As a conclusion, a non-structural solution for the water-energy nexus can have a great impact on several matters (e.g. climate change, carbon footprint, WUs balance sheets, water losses) with reasonable investment in only a few sensors in the water supply network.

scholarly journals Converting Traditional Water Supply Network Into 24x7, using Water GEMS to Optimize Design

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 280-284
Author(s):  
Mukund M. Pawar ◽  
Nitin P. Sonaje
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Supply Network ◽  
Pipe Network ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Water Supply Network

Water is all-natural driving force. Entire world struggles to preserve it. Given that India is among the top 12 water poor countries, water wastage is a critical issue for us. India's population is increasing day by day and thus the demand for water is continuously increasing. This growing demand can be met through an efficient water distribution network which can be designed using modern hydraulic software such as Water GEMS. Using the Water GEMS software Pandharpur city is selected to convert existing water supply system into 24 * 7 continuous water supply systems. The largest investment is the pipes used in the water distribution system. The design, modeling and optimization of pipes in water supply system from an economic point of view are very important. Therefore optimal pipe network design for converting existing network into 24x7 water supply system networks is carried out in this paper to reduce the cost using WaterGEM software. Study of the existing water supply network system for one zone (Ambika Nagar Zone10) is initially carried out from the Pandharpur area. The effect on demand, head loss gradient, and pressure development of the forecasted population is studied. In addition, cost optimization of the pipe network for the proposed 24x7 water supply system is carried out using a genetic algorithms Darwin optimization approach.

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