scholarly journals CO2 Injection Deformation Monitoring Based on UAV and InSAR Technology: A Case Study of Shizhuang Town, Shanxi Province, China

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 237
Author(s):  
Tian Zhang ◽  
Wanchang Zhang ◽  
Ruizhao Yang ◽  
Dan Cao ◽  
Longfei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Deformation Monitoring ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Co2 Injection ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Measurement Technology ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Integrated Monitoring ◽  
Migration Pathway

Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage, also referred to as Carbon Capture, Utilization and Sequestration (CCUS), is one of the novel climate mitigation technologies by which CO2 emissions are captured from sources, such as fossil power generation and industrial processes, and further either reused or stored with more attention being paid on the utilization of captured CO2. In the whole CCUS process, the dominant migration pathway of CO2 after being injected underground becomes very important information to judge the possible storage status as well as one of the essential references for evaluating possible environmental affects. Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) technology, with its advantages of extensive coverage in surface deformation monitoring and all-weather traceability of the injection processes, has become one of the promising technologies frequently adopted in worldwide CCUS projects. In this study, taking the CCUS sequestration area in Shizhuang Town, Shanxi Province, China, as an example, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photography measurement technology with a 3D surface model at a resolution of 5.3 cm was applied to extract the high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM) of the study site in coordination with InSAR technology to more clearly display the results of surface deformation monitoring of the CO2 injection area. A 2 km surface heaving dynamic processes before and after injection from June 2020 to July 2021 was obtained, and a CO2 migration pathway northeastward was observed, which was rather consistent with the monitoring results by logging and micro-seismic studies. Additionally, an integrated monitoring scheme, which will be the trend of monitoring in the future, is proposed in the discussion.

scholarly journals Subsidence Monitoring of Fill Area in Yan’an New District Based on Sentinel-1A Time Series Imagery

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3044
Author(s):  
Mingjie Liao ◽  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Jichao Lv ◽  
Bin Yu ◽  
Jiatai Pang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Ground Deformation ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Deformation Monitoring ◽  
Chinese Loess Plateau ◽  
Ground Subsidence ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Environment Change ◽  
Loess Area

In recent years, many cities in the Chinese loess plateau (especially in Shanxi province) have encountered ground subsidence problems due to the construction of underground projects and the exploitation of underground resources. With the completion of the world’s largest geotechnical project, called “mountain excavation and city construction,” in a collapsible loess area, the Yan’an city also appeared to have uneven ground subsidence. To obtain the spatial distribution characteristics and the time-series evolution trend of the subsidence, we selected Yan’an New District (YAND) as the specific study area and presented an improved time-series InSAR (TS-InSAR) method for experimental research. Based on 89 Sentinel-1A images collected between December 2017 to December 2020, we conducted comprehensive research and analysis on the spatial and temporal evolution of surface subsidence in YAND. The monitoring results showed that the YAND is relatively stable in general, with deformation rates mainly in the range of −10 to 10 mm/yr. However, three significant subsidence funnels existed in the fill area, with a maximum subsidence rate of 100 mm/yr. From 2017 to 2020, the subsidence funnels enlarged, and their subsidence rates accelerated. Further analysis proved that the main factors induced the severe ground subsidence in the study area, including the compressibility and collapsibility of loess, rapid urban construction, geological environment change, traffic circulation load, and dynamic change of groundwater. The experimental results indicated that the improved TS-InSAR method is adaptive to monitoring uneven subsidence of deep loess area. Moreover, related data and information would provide reference to the large-scale ground deformation monitoring and in similar loess areas.

Significance of Re-engineered Zeolites in Climate Mitigation – A Review for Carbon Capture and Separation

2021 ◽  
pp. 105957
Author(s):  
Satyaki Chatterjee ◽  
Sampathkumar Jeevanandham ◽  
Monalisa Mukherjee ◽  
Dai-Viet N. Vo ◽  
Vivek Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Climate Mitigation

A Laboratory Investigation of the Effect of Ethanol-Treated Carbon Dioxide Injection on Oil Recovery and Carbon Dioxide Storage

SPE Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Saira ◽  
Emmanuel Ajoma ◽  
Furqan Le-Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Molar Fraction ◽  
Co2 Injection ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Injection ◽  
Treated Carbon ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Experimental Runs

Summary Carbon dioxide (CO2) enhanced oil recovery is the most economical technique for carbon capture, usage, and storage. In depleted reservoirs, full or near-miscibility of injected CO2 with oil is difficult to achieve, and immiscible CO2 injection leaves a large volume of oil behind and limits available pore volume (PV) for storing CO2. In this paper, we present an experimental study to delineate the effect of ethanol-treated CO2 injection on oil recovery, net CO2 stored, and amount of ethanol left in the reservoir. We inject CO2 and ethanol-treated CO2 into Bentheimer Sandstone cores representing reservoirs. The oil phase consists of a mixture of 0.65 hexane and 0.35 decane (C6-C10 mixture) by molar fraction in one set of experimental runs, and pure decane (C10) in the other set of experimental runs. All experimental runs are conducted at constant temperature 70°C and various pressures to exhibit immiscibility (9.0 MPa for the C6-C10 mixture and 9.6 MPa for pure C10) or near-miscibility (11.7 MPa for the C6-C10 mixture and 12.1 MPa for pure C10). Pressure differences across the core, oil recovery, and compositions and rates of the produced fluids are recorded during the experimental runs. Ultimate oil recovery under immiscibility is found to be 9 to 15% greater using ethanol-treated CO2 injection than that using pure CO2 injection. Net CO2 stored for pure C10 under immiscibility is found to be 0.134 PV greater during ethanol-treated CO2 injection than during pure CO2 injection. For the C6-C10 mixture under immiscibility, both ethanol-treated CO2 injection and CO2 injection yield the same net CO2 stored. However, for the C6-C10 mixture under near-miscibility,ethanol-treated CO2 injection is found to yield 0.161 PV less net CO2 stored than does pure CO2 injection. These results suggest potential improvement in oil recovery and net CO2 stored using ethanol-treated CO2 injection instead of pure CO2 injection. If economically viable, ethanol-treated CO2 injection could be used as a carbon capture, usage, and storage method in low-pressure reservoirs, for which pure CO2 injection would be infeasible.

scholarly journals Copernicus Sentinel-1 MT-InSAR, GNSS and Seismic Monitoring of Deformation Patterns and Trends at the Methana Volcano, Greece

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 6445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodoros Gatsios ◽  
Francesca Cigna ◽  
Deodato Tapete ◽  
Vassilis Sakkas ◽  
Kyriaki Pavlou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Ground Deformation ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuation ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Deformation Monitoring ◽  
Persistent Scatterers ◽  
Geothermal Activity ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

The Methana volcano in Greece belongs to the western part of the Hellenic Volcanic Arc, where the African and Eurasian tectonic plates converge at a rate of approximately 3 cm/year. While volcanic hazard in Methana is considered low, the neotectonic basin constituting the Saronic Gulf area is seismically active and there is evidence of local geothermal activity. Monitoring is therefore crucial to characterize any activity at the volcano that could impact the local population. This study aims to detect surface deformation in the whole Methana peninsula based on a long stack of 99 Sentinel-1 C-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images in interferometric wide swath mode acquired in March 2015–August 2019. A Multi-Temporal Interferometric SAR (MT-InSAR) processing approach is exploited using the Interferometric Point Target Analysis (IPTA) method, involving the extraction of a network of targets including both Persistent Scatterers (PS) and Distributed Scatterers (DS) to augment the monitoring capability across the varied land cover of the peninsula. Satellite geodetic data from 2006–2019 Global Positioning System (GPS) benchmark surveying are used to calibrate and validate the MT-InSAR results. Deformation monitoring records from permanent Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) stations, two of which were installed within the peninsula in 2004 (METH) and 2019 (MTNA), are also exploited for interpretation of the regional deformation scenario. Geological, topographic, and 2006–2019 seismological data enable better understanding of the ground deformation observed. Line-of-sight displacement velocities of the over 4700 PS and 6200 DS within the peninsula are from −18.1 to +7.5 mm/year. The MT-InSAR data suggest a complex displacement pattern across the volcano edifice, including local-scale land surface processes. In Methana town, ground stability is found on volcanoclasts and limestone for the majority of the urban area footprint while some deformation is observed in the suburban zones. At the Mavri Petra andesitic dome, time series of the exceptionally dense PS/DS network across blocks of agglomerate and cinder reveal seasonal fluctuation (5 mm amplitude) overlapping the long-term stable trend. Given the steepness of the slopes along the eastern flank of the volcano, displacement patterns may indicate mass movements. The GNSS, seismological and MT-InSAR analyses lead to a first account of deformation processes and their temporal evolution over the last years for Methana, thus providing initial information to feed into the volcano baseline hazard assessment and monitoring system.

scholarly journals Investigation of repeatability of digital surface model obtained from point clouds in a concrete arch dam for monitoring of deformations

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kutalmis Gumus ◽  
Halil Erkaya ◽  
Metin Soycan
Keyword(s):  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Deformation Monitoring ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Arch Dam ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Concrete Arch Dam ◽  
Accuracy Of Measurements ◽  
Laser Scanners

Applicability of Terrestrial Laser Scanners/Scanning (TLS) in deformation measurement in dams is an active area of study. With the advance of modern technology, accuracy of measurements is much improved by developments in design of terrestrial laser scanners. Currently, this technology is used in large and complex engineering structures such as dams. Although TLS is a high cost technology, it is particularly used in monitoring of dam deformations, due to its speed in obtaining thousands of data points, ability to visualize the scanned object and its environment with high accuracy and ability to take long-range measurements. In order to determine the effect of change in water reservoir levels on body of the dam, TLS are used to take deformation measurements in different time intervals, where the water level was at maximum, minimum and medium levels. This paper provides an overview of terrestrial laser scanning technology for deformation monitoring. The concrete arch dam in Antalya Oymapinar, Turkey was used for case study. Four different scannings were performed in this dam in order to verify the replicability of TLS results on same water levels and equivalent conditions. Digital Surface Models reflecting dam surface have been created. Results obtained from surface model differences were examined using surface matching method.

Overcoming CO2 Injector Well Design and Completion Challenges in a Carbonate Reservoir for World's First Offshore Carbon Capture Storage CCS SE Asia Project

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahesh S. Picha ◽  
M. Azuan B. Abu Bakar ◽  
Parimal A. Patil ◽  
Faiz A. Abu Bakar ◽  
Debasis P. Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Carbonate Reservoir ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Co2 Injection ◽  
Injection Wells ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Accelerated Corrosion ◽  
Well Design

Abstract Oil & Gas Operators are focusing on zero carbon emission to comply with government's changing rules and regulations, which play an important role in the encouragement of carbon capture initiatives. This paper aims to give insights on the world's first offshore CCS project in carbonate reservoir, where wells will be drilled to inject CO2, and store produced CO2 from contaminated fields. To safeguard the storage containment, the integrity of all wells needs to be scrutinized. Development wells in the identified depleted gas field are more than 40 years old and were not designed with consideration of high CO2 concentration in the reservoir. In consequence, the possibility of well leakage due to accelerated corrosion channeling and cracks, along the wellbore cannot be ignored and require careful evaluation. Rigorous process has been adopted in assessing the feasibility for converting existing gas producers into CO2 injectors. The required defined basis of designs for gas producer and CO2 injection wells differs in a great extent and this governs the re-usability of wells for CO2 injection or necessity to be abandoned. Three (3) new CO2 injectors with fat to slim design approach, corrosion resistant alloy (CRA) material and CO2 resistant cement are designed in view to achieve lifecycle integrity. Optimum angle of 53 deg and maintaining the injection pressure of 50 bar at 90 MSCFD rate is required for the injection of supercritical CO2 for 20 years. During well execution, challenges such as anti-collision risk, total loss scenarios while drilling in Carbonate reservoir need to be addressed before execution. The completion design is also focusing on having minimal number of completion jewelries to reduce pressure differential and potential leak paths from tubing hangar down to the end of lower completion. The selection of downhole safety valve (TRSV) type is of high importance to accommodate CO2 phase attributes at different pressure/temperature. Fiber Optic is included for monitoring the migration of CO2 plume by acquiring seismic survey and for well integrity by analyzing DAS/DTS data.

Multiple-Points Constraints Based Deformation for Free-Form Surfaces

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Zheng ◽  
K. W. Chan ◽  
I. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Displacement Function ◽  
Surface Shape ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Deformation Method ◽  
Multiple Points ◽  
Free Form Surface ◽  
Free Form Surfaces

Abstract There is an increasing demand in the conceptual design for more intuitive methods for creating and modifying free-form curves and surfaces in CAD modeling systems. The methods should be based not only on the change of the mathematical parameters but also on the user’s specified constraints and shapes. This paper presents a new surface representation model for free-form surface deformation representation. The model is a combination of two functions: a displacement function and a function for representing an existing NURBS surface called parent surface. Based on the surface model, the authors develop two deformation methods which are named SingleDef (Single-point constraint based deformation method), and MultiDef (Multiple-points constraints based deformation method). The techniques for free-form surface deformation allow conceptual designer to modify a parent surface by directly applying point constraints to the parent surface. The deformation methods are implemented and taken in an experimental CAD system. The results show that the designer can easily and intuitively control the surface shape.

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